Abstract: A display device including a substrate that includes a circuit layer; an insulating layer on the substrate; a pixel defining layer on the insulating layer, the pixel defining layer having an opening exposing a region of a top surface of the insulating layer; a light blocking layer covering a top surface and a side surface of the pixel defining layer; and an organic electroluminescent element in the opening, wherein the organic electroluminescent element includes a first electrode on the region of the top surface of the insulating layer exposed through the opening; at least one organic layer on the first electrode; and a second electrode on the at least one organic layer.

Abstract: A composition, an interlayer manufactured therefrom, and an apparatus including the interlayer are provided. The composition includes a polymer compound represented by Formula 1, a non-arylamine-based compound represented by Formula 2, and a solvent: Zo.??<Formula 2> The substituents in Formulae 1 and 2 may be understood as described in connection with the detailed description.

Abstract: An ink composition for a light-emitting device includes a phosphine oxide-based charge transporting organic material, a first solvent represented by Formula 1, a second solvent represented by Formula 2, and a third solvent that is polar aprotic. A light-emitting device includes a layer prepared with the in composition.

Abstract: A composition for manufacturing a light-emitting device includes: a solvent; and a first compound and a second compound, each dispersed in the solvent; wherein a molecular weight of the first compound is 750 g/mol or less, a molecular weight of the second compound is greater than 750 g/mol, a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of the second compound is greater than ?2.4 eV, a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of the second compound is less than ?5.6 eV, and a bandgap energy of the second compound is greater than 3.2 eV.

Abstract: An ink composition for forming an electron transport layer of a light-emitting device of a display device includes: an electron-transporting compound including a phosphine oxide moiety; and a solvent represented by Formula 1, (P?O)(OR1)(OR2)(OR3)??Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, R1 to R3 each, independently from one another, are hydrogen, deuterium, or a C1-C30 alkyl group, and at least one of R1 to R3 is a C1-C30 alkyl group.

Abstract: An ink composition for a light-emitting device includes: a phosphine oxide-based charge transport organic material; a first solvent represented by Formula 1; and a second solvent represented by Formula 2: HOR1(O)mR2OH??Formula 1 (HO)aR11O(R12O)nR13(OH)b.

Abstract: A display device including a substrate that includes a circuit layer; an insulating layer on the substrate; a pixel defining layer on the insulating layer, the pixel defining layer having an opening exposing a region of a top surface of the insulating layer; a light blocking layer covering a top surface and a side surface of the pixel defining layer; and an organic electroluminescent element in the opening, wherein the organic electroluminescent element includes a first electrode on the region of the top surface of the insulating layer exposed through the opening; at least one organic layer on the first electrode; and a second electrode on the at least one organic layer.

Abstract: A display device including a substrate that includes a circuit layer; an insulating layer on the substrate; a pixel defining layer on the insulating layer, the pixel defining layer having an opening exposing a region of a top surface of the insulating layer; a light blocking layer covering a top surface and a side surface of the pixel defining layer; and an organic electroluminescent element in the opening, wherein the organic electroluminescent element includes a first electrode on the region of the top surface of the insulating layer exposed through the opening; at least one organic layer on the first electrode; and a second electrode on the at least one organic layer.

Abstract: A composition, an interlayer manufactured therefrom, and an apparatus including the interlayer are provided. The composition includes a polymer compound represented by Formula 1, a non-arylamine-based compound represented by Formula 2, and a solvent: The substituents in Formulae 1 and 2 may be understood as described in connection with the detailed description.

Abstract: A display device including a substrate that includes a circuit layer; an insulating layer on the substrate; a pixel defining layer on the insulating layer, the pixel defining layer having an opening exposing a region of a top surface of the insulating layer; a light blocking layer covering a top surface and a side surface of the pixel defining layer; and an organic electroluminescent element in the opening, wherein the organic electroluminescent element includes a first electrode on the region of the top surface of the insulating layer exposed through the opening; at least one organic layer on the first electrode; and a second electrode on the at least one organic layer.

Abstract: A display device including a substrate that includes a circuit layer; an insulating layer on the substrate; a pixel defining layer on the insulating layer, the pixel defining layer having an opening exposing a region of a top surface of the insulating layer; a light blocking layer covering a top surface and a side surface of the pixel defining layer; and an organic electroluminescent element in the opening, wherein the organic electroluminescent element includes a first electrode on the region of the top surface of the insulating layer exposed through the opening; at least one organic layer on the first electrode; and a second electrode on the at least one organic layer.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first display substrate, a second display substrate, a coupling member interposed between the first display substrate and the second display substrate in a seal line area to couple the first display substrate and the second display substrate, a contact structure interposed between the coupling member and at least one of the display substrates in the seal line area, the contact structure having a concavo-convex shaped surface in contact with the coupling member, and the contact structure includes a moisture trap area and a moisture barrier area, and an electrode layer disposed on the moisture trap area but not on the moisture barrier area, and configured to contact portions of the coupling member in the seal line area.

Abstract: A display device including a substrate that includes a circuit layer; an insulating layer on the substrate; a pixel defining layer on the insulating layer, the pixel defining layer having an opening exposing a region of a top surface of the insulating layer; a light blocking layer covering a top surface and a side surface of the pixel defining layer; and an organic electroluminescent element in the opening, wherein the organic electroluminescent element includes a first electrode on the region of the top surface of the insulating layer exposed through the opening; at least one organic layer on the first electrode; and a second electrode on the at least one organic layer.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first display substrate, a second display substrate, a coupling member interposed between the first display substrate and the second display substrate in a seal line area to couple the first display substrate and the second display substrate, a contact structure interposed between the coupling member and at least one of the display substrates in the seal line area, the contact structure having a concavo-convex shaped surface in contact with the coupling member, and the contact structure includes a moisture trap area and a moisture barrier area, and an electrode layer disposed on the moisture trap area but not on the moisture barrier area, and configured to contact portions of the coupling member in the seal line area.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first display substrate, a second display substrate, a coupling member interposed between the first display substrate and the second display substrate in a seal line area to couple the first display substrate and the second display substrate, a contact structure interposed between the coupling member and at least one of the display substrates in the seal line area, the contact structure having a concavo-convex shaped surface in contact with the coupling member, and the contact structure includes a moisture trap area and a moisture barrier area, and an electrode layer disposed on the moisture trap area but not on the moisture barrier area, and configured to contact portions of the coupling member in the seal line area.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first display substrate, a second display substrate, a coupling member interposed between the first display substrate and the second display substrate in a seal line area to couple the first display substrate and the second display substrate, a contact structure interposed between the coupling member and at least one of the display substrates in the seal line area, the contact structure having a concavo-convex shaped surface in contact with the coupling member, and the contact structure includes a moisture trap area and a moisture barrier area, and an electrode layer disposed on the moisture trap area but not on the moisture barrier area, and configured to contact portions of the coupling member in the seal line area.

Abstract: A system for tracking an illegal distributor and preventing an illegal content distribution includes: a forensic mark generator for receiving content and a content identification code from a content providing apparatus to generate a forensic mark; a forensic mark database for storing the generated forensic mark; a forensic mark insertion unit for inserting the forensic mark into the content; and a content database for storing the content into which the forensic mark has been inserted. The system further includes a content transmitter for transmitting the content into which the forensic mark has been inserted to the content utilization apparatus.

Abstract: A group signature system includes: a key issuer server for generating a first parameter of a group public key, generating a corresponding master issuing key, and issuing a signature key to a user when a user device joins; an opener server for generating a second parameter of the group public key, and a corresponding master opening key and master linking key; and a linker server for checking whether two valid signatures have been linked by using the master linking key when the two signatures corresponding to a group public key are given. The group signature system further includes: a signature verifying unit for confirming a validity of the given signatures and a signer information confirming unit for confirming a validity of singer confirming information generated by the opener server.

Abstract: A content protection apparatus using a white-box encryption table includes: a random number generation unit for generating a random number; a white-box encryption table for encrypting the random number and user information provided from a user to generate an encrypted output value; and an operation unit for performing an operation between the encrypted output value and data inputted from an outside to encrypt or decrypt the data.

Abstract: A data encoding apparatus for verifying data integrity by using a white box cipher includes: an encoding unit for encoding content by using a white box cipher table; and an arithmetic logic unit for performing an arithmetic logic operation on the white box cipher table and content information to output an encoded white box cipher table. The arithmetic logic operation is an exclusive OR operation. The content information is license information of the content or hash value of the license information of the content.