Abstract: An input sensor includes a first sensor insulating layer including an active area and a peripheral area disposed adjacent to the active area, a second sensor insulating layer disposed on the first sensor insulating layer, a first sensing electrode disposed on the first sensor insulating layer, overlapping the active area, and including first sensing patterns extending in a first direction, a second sensing electrode disposed on the first sensor insulating layer, overlapping the active area, and including second sensing patterns extending in a second direction crossing the first direction, and a first trace line connected to one of the first sensing patterns. At least a portion of the first trace line overlaps the active area and is disposed on the first sensor insulating layer.

Abstract: An electronic device, includes: a sensor layer having an active region and a peripheral region adjacent to the active region, the sensor layer including a plurality of sensing units on the active region and a plurality of wiring lines on the peripheral region, wherein each of the plurality of sensing units includes a plurality of sub-sensing units, wherein each of the plurality of sub-sensing units includes: a first portion extending in a first direction; a plurality of second portions protruding from the first portion; a plurality of cross patterns spaced apart from each other across the first portion; and a bridge pattern insulated from the first portion and electrically connected to the plurality of cross patterns, the bridge pattern intersecting the first portion, wherein the plurality of wiring lines include a first wiring line and a second wiring line that are electrically connected to the plurality of sub-sensing units.

Abstract: Provided is a pharmaceutical composition for treating a degenerative brain disease, including a glycine transporter as an active ingredient. A composition including, as an active ingredient, a glycine transporter protein, a fragment thereof or a nucleic acid molecule encoding the protein or the fragment thereof, a vector including the nucleic acid molecule, or a cell transformed with the vector including the nucleic acid molecule, according to an embodiment, not only can achieve excellent effect(s) of inhibiting amyloid-beta aggregation and/or degrading aggregated amyloid-beta, but also degrades tau protein (and/or inhibition of the aggregation thereof), inhibits the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, and has excellent blood-brain barrier permeability, thus making it possible to successively act on brain tissues.

Abstract: Provided is a separator including microbial cellulose, a battery comprising the separator, and a method of producing the separator.

Abstract: Provided is a separator including microbial cellulose, a battery comprising the separator, and a method of producing the separator.

Abstract: Provided is a filtering apparatus, method, and medium for a multi-format codec, in which a blocking artifact of decoded video data is removed. The filtering apparatus includes a compression format detection unit, a block strength determination unit, a table determination unit, and a first filtering unit. The compression format detection unit detects a video compression format of the decoded video data. The block strength determination unit determines a block strength indicating a filtering strength with respect to the decoded video data according to the detected video compression format. The table determination unit determines a filtering table differently according to the block strength when the block strength is greater than a predetermined threshold. The first filtering unit performs filtering on the decoded video data in units of a block using the determined filtering table.

Abstract: An apparatus, medium, and method generating a motion-compensating layer, with the apparatus including a spatial layer generator to generate an enhancement layer and a base layer, the enhancement layer including a plurality of temporally sequential video frames, and the base layer including at least one sub video frame obtained by sub sampling the plurality of video frames, and a temporal layer generator to generate at least one temporal layer corresponding to the base layer, and to generate at least one temporal layer corresponding to the enhancement layer by predicting a lower second frame using at least one of an upper second frame and an encoded first frame. The first frame may be a frame included in the at least one temporal layer corresponding to the base layer, and the second frame may be a frame included in the at least one temporal layer corresponding to the enhancement layer.

Abstract: The disclosure describes an image encoding apparatus, method, and medium and an image decoding apparatus, method, and medium to encode and decode an original image. The disclosure also describes a display driving circuit and a method and medium using the same. The image encoding apparatus may include an encoding mode determiner that determines a first encoding mode and a second encoding mode to be encoding modes of a first pixel and a second pixel that are adjacent to each other and are included in a line, a first encoder that encodes the first pixel whose encoding mode is determined to be the first encoding mode to generate a first bitstream, and a second encoder that encodes a difference of the second pixel whose encoding mode is determined to be the second encoding mode from its reference pixel to generate a second bitstream.

Abstract: A transforming and/or inverse transforming system, medium, and method for a multi-codec. The transforming system includes a first matrix storage storing 1-dimensional DCT (discrete cosine transform) matrixes corresponding to respective transformation techniques, a second matrix storage storing 2-dimensional DCT matrixes corresponding to the respective transformation techniques, a 1-dimensional transformer 1-dimensionally transforming an input image using a 1-dimensional DCT matrix corresponding to a set transformation technique, a 2-dimensional transformer 2-dimensionally transforming the 1-dimensionally transformed image using a 2-dimensional DCT matrix corresponding to a set transformation technique, and an enhancement transformer enhancement transforming the 1-dimensionally transformed image to improve efficiency of integer transformation.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for predicting discrete cosine transform coefficients. A discrete cosine transform coefficient prediction method and apparatus performs a discrete cosine transform on a row and column of pixel blocks nearest to a transform coefficient to be predicted in a discrete cosine transform block to be predicted among pixel blocks adjacent to the discrete cosine transform block to create a prediction coefficient for the transform coefficient to be predicted, and predict the transform coefficient to be predicted using the created prediction coefficient. By using prediction coefficients with higher correlation to a transform coefficient of a discrete cosine transform block to be predicted, an image may be efficiently compressed.

Abstract: Provided are an image encoding apparatus, method, and medium; an image decoding apparatus, method, and medium; and a display driving circuit and method and apparatus using the same. The image encoding apparatus includes an encoding mode determiner that determines a first encoding mode and a second encoding mode to be encoding modes of a first pixel and a second pixel that are adjacent to each other and are included in a line, a first encoder that encodes the first pixel whose encoding mode is determined to be the first encoding mode to generate a first bitstream, and a second encoder that encodes a difference of the second pixel whose encoding mode is determined to be the second encoding mode from its reference pixel to generate a second bitstream.

Abstract: Provided is a filtering apparatus, method, and medium for a multi-format codec, in which a blocking artifact of decoded video data is removed. The filtering apparatus includes a compression format detection unit, a block strength determination unit, a table determination unit, and a first filtering unit. The compression format detection unit detects a video compression format of the decoded video data. The block strength determination unit determines a block strength indicating a filtering strength with respect to the decoded video data according to the detected video compression format. The table determination unit determines a filtering table differently according to the block strength when the block strength is greater than a predetermined threshold. The first filtering unit performs filtering on the decoded video data in units of a block using the determined filtering table.

Abstract: A transforming and/or inverse transforming system, medium, and method for a multi-codec. The transforming system includes a first matrix storage storing 1-dimensional DCT (discrete cosine transform) matrixes corresponding to respective transformation techniques, a second matrix storage storing 2-dimensional DCT matrixes corresponding to the respective transformation techniques, a 1-dimensional transformer 1-dimensionally transforming an input image using a 1-dimensional DCT matrix corresponding to a set transformation technique, a 2-dimensional transformer 2-dimensionally transforming the 1-dimensionally transformed image using a 2-dimensional DCT matrix corresponding to a set transformation technique, and an enhancement transformer enhancement transforming the 1-dimensionally transformed image to improve efficiency of integer transformation.

Abstract: Provided are a video prediction apparatus and method for a multi-format codec and a video encoding/decoding apparatus and method using the video prediction apparatus and method. The video prediction apparatus that generates a prediction block based on a motion vector and a reference frame according to a plurality of video compression formats includes an interpolation pre-processing unit and a common interpolation unit. The interpolation pre-processing unit receives video compression format information of a current block to be predicted, and extracts a block of a predetermined size to be used for interpolation from the reference frame and generates interpolation information using the motion vector. The common interpolation unit interpolates a pixel value of the extracted block or a previously interpolated pixel value in an interpolation direction according to the interpolation information to generate the prediction block.

Abstract: An apparatus, medium, and method generating a motion-compensating layer, with the apparatus including a spatial layer generator to generate an enhancement layer and a base layer, the enhancement layer including a plurality of temporally sequential video frames, and the base layer including at least one sub video frame obtained by sub sampling the plurality of video frames, and a temporal layer generator to generate at least one temporal layer corresponding to the base layer, and to generate at least one temporal layer corresponding to the enhancement layer by predicting a lower second frame using at least one of an upper second frame and an encoded first frame. The first frame may be a frame included in the at least one temporal layer corresponding to the base layer, and the second frame may be a frame included in the at least one temporal layer corresponding to the enhancement layer.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for predicting discrete cosine transform coefficients. A discrete cosine transform coefficient prediction method and apparatus performs a discrete cosine transform on a row and column of pixel blocks nearest to a transform coefficient to be predicted in a discrete cosine transform block to be predicted among pixel blocks adjacent to the discrete cosine transform block to create a prediction coefficient for the transform coefficient to be predicted, and predict the transform coefficient to be predicted using the created prediction coefficient. By using prediction coefficients with higher correlation to a transform coefficient of a discrete cosine transform block to be predicted, an image may be efficiently compressed.