Abstract: A composition for an alignment layer includes a polyimide-based compound including a polymerization initiator coupled to a side chain of the polyimide-based compound.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate; a pixel electrode disposed on the first substrate; a common electrode disposed on the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, where a first cutout having a cross shape is defined in the common electrode, a second cutout is defined in the pixel electrode to be adjacent to and along an edge of the pixel electrode, and the pixel electrode has a step structure, a boundary line of which is in a rhombus shape.

Abstract: A curved liquid crystal display (“LCD”) includes a thin film transistor (“TFT”) array substrate, a counter substrate facing the TFT array substrate, a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules of negative dielectric anisotropy and disposed between the TFT array substrate and the counter substrate, a liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the counter substrate, a liquid crystal alignment base layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the TFT array substrate, and a liquid crystal alignment stabilization layer including projections spaced apart from each other on the liquid crystal alignment base layer between the liquid crystal layer and the liquid crystal alignment base layer, wherein the projections include reactive mesogen polymers, and one of the liquid crystal alignment layer and the liquid crystal alignment base layer includes the reactive mesogen polymers.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a pixel electrode which is disposed on the first substrate and includes a first subpixel electrode which is disposed at a pixel area and includes a plurality of first branch electrodes, and a second subpixel electrode which is separated from the first subpixel electrode, disposed at an outer edge of the pixel area, encloses the first subpixel electrode and includes a plurality of second branch electrodes, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a common electrode disposed on the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, where a first voltage applied to the first subpixel electrode is larger than a second voltage applied to the second subpixel electrode.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate; a gate line disposed on the substrate and extending in a first direction; a data line insulated from the gate line and extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction; a pixel electrode disposed in a pixel region defined by the gate line and the data line; a source electrode connected to the data line; a drain electrode spaced apart from the source electrode; and a color filter layer disposed on the data line, the source electrode, and the drain electrode. The color filter layer includes: a first contact hole exposing the drain electrode, and a second contact hole disposed over at least one of the source electrode and the drain electrode. The pixel electrode is disposed on the color filter layer and is connected to the drain electrode through the first contact hole.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display that can improve an aperture ratio and liquid crystal control ability. A liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a first substrate and a second substrate which face each other; a pixel electrode disposed on the first substrate; a common electrode disposed on the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, in which the common electrode has a first cutout having a cross shape, and the pixel electrode includes a first subpixel electrode having a rhombus shape, a second subpixel electrode surrounding the first subpixel electrode, a second cutout disposed close to and along at least one of the edges of the second subpixel electrode, and a third cutout spacing the first subpixel electrode and the second subpixel electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having a curved surface includes: a display panel including a first display panel, a second display panel, and a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween and including liquid crystal molecules. The first display panel includes a first substrate on which a plurality of gate lines and data lines are formed, a first electrode, and a pixel electrode. The second display panel includes a second substrate facing the first substrate and a second electrode. The liquid crystal display further includes a common voltage supplier applying two voltages having a predetermined voltage difference to the first and second electrodes within a period before a frame displaying an image on the display panel; a gate driver applying a gate signal to each of the gate lines after the period; and a data driver applying a data voltage to the pixel electrode corresponding to the gate signal.

Abstract: A display device includes a first polarizer for transmitting first light that is parallel to a first axis and pertains to a two-dimensional image. The display device further includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The liquid crystal layer includes a chiral dopant and a liquid crystal material and is configured to form a lens associated with a predetermined phase distribution. The lens is configured for refracting the first light to transmit second light. The display device further includes a second polarizer for polarizing the second light to transmit third light that is parallel to a second axis. The second axis is oriented at an angle with respect to the first axis in a plan view of the display device. The angle has a predetermined angle size greater than zero degree.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a lower display substrate; an upper display substrate facing the lower display substrate; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the lower display substrate and the upper display substrate and including liquid crystal molecules. The lower display substrate includes a pixel electrode disposed on a first base substrate; and a cross-shaped auxiliary electrode disposed overlapping the pixel electrode on the first base substrate. The upper display substrate includes a common electrode disposed on a second base substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a pixel electrode on the first substrate, a common electrode on the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the common electrode includes a first cutout portion, and the pixel electrode includes a first sub-pixel electrode, a second sub-pixel electrode surrounding the first sub-pixel electrode, a second cutout portion adjacent to at least one of edges of the second sub-pixel electrode and disposed along the edges, and a third cutout portion isolating the first sub-pixel electrode from the second sub-pixel electrode, and the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode are located at different heights.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid crystal display including a first insulation substrate. A pixel electrode is disposed on the first insulation substrate. A first alignment layer is disposed on the pixel electrode. A second insulation substrate faces the first insulation substrate. A common electrode is disposed on a surface of the second insulation substrate, which the surface of the second insulation substrate faces the first insulation substrate. A second alignment layer is disposed on a surface of the common electrode, which the surface of the common electrode faces the first insulation substrate. A liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer. The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules. Liquid crystal molecules adjacent to at least one of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer have a pre-tilt angle.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a first insulation substrate and a pixel electrode disposed on the first insulation substrate. A first alignment layer is disposed on the pixel electrode. A second insulation substrate faces the first insulation substrate. A common electrode is disposed on a surface of the second insulation substrate facing the first insulation substrate. A second alignment layer is disposed on a surface of the common electrode facing the first insulation substrate. A liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer. The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules. One of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer has an electron-rich group and the other has an electron-deficient group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate, a pixel electrode disposed on the first substrate, a first alignment layer disposed on the first substrate and the pixel electrode, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a common electrode disposed on the second substrate, a second alignment layer disposed on the second substrate and the common electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, in which the common electrode has a first opening having a cross shape, an edge of the first opening protrudes beyond an edge of the pixel electrode, and the pixel electrode includes a second opening disposed adjacently to at least one of the edges of the pixel electrode.

Abstract: A curved liquid crystal display includes: a first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate and including liquid crystal molecules; a first alignment layer between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer; and a second alignment layer between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer. The first alignment layer and the second alignment layer respectively include a polymer having at least one main chain and a plurality of side chains connected to the main chain, and at least one of the polymer of the first alignment layer and the polymer of the second alignment layer includes at least one side chain including at least one of a photo-reactor and a photo-reactor derivative.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first and second substrates disposed opposite to each other; a gate line and a divided reference voltage line on the first substrate; a gate insulating layer on the gate line and the divided reference voltage line; a semiconductor layer on the gate insulating layer; a data line on the semiconductor layer; a passivation layer on the data line; a pixel electrode on the passivation layer; and a common electrode on the second substrate, where the divided reference voltage line and the data line are connected to a data driving line extension and a divided reference voltage driving line extension at a side of the first substrate, a common voltage driving line extension is at a side of the first substrate, the divided reference, common and data voltage driving line extensions are linearly connected to each other through resistors having different resistances.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a flexible first substrate; a pixel electrode positioned on the first substrate and including an outer stem with a quadrangular shape, a crossed-shape stem including a transverse stem positioned inside the outer stem and a longitudinal stem crossing the transverse stem, and a plurality of minute branches extending from the outer stem and the crossed-shape stem; a flexible second substrate facing the first substrate; a common electrode positioned on the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. An angle formed by minute branches of one sub-region of the pixel electrode positioned at second, third and fourth zones and the transverse stem is smaller than an angle formed by minute branches of three other sub-regions of the pixel electrode positioned at the second, third, and fourth zones and the transverse stem.

Abstract: A display device may include a common electrode, a first pixel electrode, a second pixel electrode, an insulation layer, and a liquid crystal layer. The first pixel electrode overlaps the common electrode. The second pixel electrode is electrically connected to the first pixel electrode and is positioned between the first pixel electrode and the common electrode. A first portion of the second pixel electrode does not overlap the first pixel electrode in a direction perpendicular to the common electrode. A second portion of the second pixel electrode overlaps a first portion of the first pixel electrode. A second portion of the first pixel electrode does not overlap the second pixel electrode in the direction perpendicular to the common electrode. The insulating layer is positioned between the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode. The liquid crystal layer is positioned between the common electrode and the second pixel electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a gate line and a divided reference voltage line on the first substrate, a gate insulating layer in the gate line and the divided reference voltage line, a semiconductor layer on the gate insulating layer, a data line on the semiconductor layer, a passivation layer on the data line, a pixel electrode on the passivation layer, a second substrate corresponding to the first substrate, and a common electrode in the second substrate, where the gate line, the divided reference voltage line, and the data line extend to one side of the first substrate, a divided reference voltage driving line, and a data driving line, respectively, extensions are provided at ends of the divided reference voltage driving line and the data driving line, short spacers are disposed on the extensions, and the short spacers are in contact with the common electrode.

Abstract: An optical modulation device includes a first plate, a second plate, and a liquid crystal layer. The first plate includes a first substrate, a lower plate electrode formed on the first substrate, a first electrode layer, and a first aligner. The first electrode layer and the first aligner are formed on the lower plate electrode. The second plate faces the first plate. The second plate includes an upper plate electrode and a second aligner. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first plate and the second plate. The liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. An alignment direction of the first aligner and an alignment direction of the second aligner are substantially parallel with each other.

Abstract: The present inventive concept relates to a curved liquid crystal display having improved transmittance, and the curved liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept includes: a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, the first substrate and the second substrate being curved to have a predetermined radius of curvature; and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes nematic liquid crystal molecules that are continuously twisted from the first substrate to the second substrate.