Abstract: A transmitting apparatus is provided.

Abstract: A universal apparatus for switches includes: an input module including at least one first switch which generates a control signal for performing at least one function included in a vehicle; a communication module transmitting the control signal; and a control module performing the at least one function corresponding to the control signal generated by the first switch and transmitted by the communication module.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a color coating composition for an LED lamp diffuser using glass frits and a color-coated glass article using the same. The color coating composition is capable of increasing durability and a life of an LED lamp, satisfactorily maintaining an external appearance and a lighting quality thereof for a long time, and realizing various colors, by manufacturing a glass-made diffuser as a means for diffusing light of the LED lamp in a manner of coating the diffuser on various sheets of transparent or translucent glass such as tubes and bulbs so that the diffuser is not deformed and discolored due to light and heat, and has high strength and translucency.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a color coating composition for an LED lamp diffuser and a color-coated glass article using the same. The color coating composition is capable of increasing durability and a life of an LED lamp, satisfactorily maintaining an external appearance and a lighting quality thereof for a long time, and realizing various colors, by manufacturing a glass-made diffuser as a means for diffusing light of the LED lamp in a manner of coating the diffuser on various sheets of transparent or translucent glass such as tubes and bulbs so that the diffuser is not deformed and discolored due to light and heat, and has high strength and translucency.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus, a receiving apparatus and controlling these apparatuses with regard to antenna identification information are provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: a frame generator configured to generate a plurality of frames which include a preamble symbol and a data symbol; and a transmitter configured to group a plurality of sub-carriers for the plurality of frames into a plurality of groups, insert in the plurality of frames antenna identification information controlling a sum of phase differences between the plurality of groups, calculated based on identification information about at least one external antenna of the transmitting apparatus, to be lowered than a predetermined threshold value, and transmit the plurality of frames in which the antenna identification information is inserted.

Abstract: Provided are a transmitting apparatus, a receiving apparatus and methods of controlling these apparatuses. The transmitting apparatus includes: a structurer configured to generate a transmission stream comprising an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol and add signaling data to the transmission stream; and a transmitter configured to insert at least one pilot into the OFDM symbol, determine a number of active carriers to be included in a frequency spectrum, corresponding to the OFDM symbol into which the pilot is inserted, which exists in a preset spectrum mask, and map the OFDM symbol, into which the pilot is inserted, onto the active carriers of the determined number, and transmit the mapped OFDM symbol.

Abstract: Provided are a transmitter, receiver and method of transmitting and receiving Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. The transmitter includes: a sub carrier grouping part configured to perform grouping of a plurality of sub carriers into a plurality of groups, and to change phases and/or amplitudes of the plurality of sub carriers by group; and a transmitting part configured to generate at least one OFDM symbol from the plurality of sub carriers of which the phases and/or the amplitudes have been randomly changed by group, and to transmit the OFDM symbol and information about the grouping.

Abstract: A relay apparatus relays a signal received from a transmitting apparatus to a receiving apparatus, and includes a receiver configured to receive a signal from the transmitting apparatus, and a transmitter configured to repeatedly transmit a predetermined symbol interval of the received signal to the receiving apparatus.

Abstract: A method for reducing Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) in a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) based radio communication system is provided. The method includes arranging symbols mapped to predetermined sub-carrier allocation types such that phases of the symbols do not overlap, and transmitting the arranged symbols.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for transmitting and receiving a response signal in a wireless communication system are provided. In a method for transmitting a response signal in a broadcasting system, Acknowledgement (ACK) information for uplink packet data for each user is generated. A symbol and a subcarrier which will transmit the ACK information for each user inside a transmission frame are determined. ACK transmission related information is transmitted via a control channel inside the transmission frame. The ACK information for each user is transmitted via the determined symbol and subcarrier inside the transmission frame.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for transmitting uplink information in a broadcasting system are provided. A repeater of a mobile broadcasting system includes a plurality of transmitting stations each transmitting a broadcast signal for at least one broadcast service, a plurality of terminals receiving the broadcast signal for the at least one broadcast service through at least one transmitting station among the transmitting stations, and the repeater, the repeated being coupled between the plurality of transmitting stations and the plurality of terminals. The repeater includes a receiving unit configured to receive uplink information from the terminals, a control unit configured to classify the received uplink information by broadcast service and to create uplink information per broadcast service, and a transmitting unit configured to transmit the created uplink information to at least one corresponding transmitting station.

Abstract: The present inventions are a method for production of hydrogen which decomposes water into hydrogen by oxidation of metals only when the metals are exposed to the water, while preventing oxidation of pure metal nanoparticles using block copolymers and, in addition, hydrogen produced by the method described above. The method of the present invention has advantages of improved convenience and simplicity, achieves a preferable approach for hydrogen storage because the metal nanoparticles enclosed by the block copolymer have the ease of delivery and reaction thereof. Additionally, the method of the present invention only using water and the metal is considered eco-friendly and useful in industrial energy applications.

Abstract: Provided are a composition for an oxide semiconductor, a preparation method of the composition, a method for forming an oxide semiconductor thin film using the composition, and a method for forming an electronic device using the composition. The composition for an oxide semiconductor includes a compound for an oxide thin film and a stabilizer for adjusting conductivity of the oxide thin film. The stabilizer is included with the mole number of two to twelve times larger than the total mole number of the compound.

Abstract: Provided are a composition for an oxide semiconductor, a preparation method of the composition, a method for forming an oxide semiconductor thin film using the composition, and a method for forming an electronic device using the composition. The composition for an oxide semiconductor includes a compound for an oxide thin film and a stabilizer for adjusting conductivity of the oxide thin film. The stabilizer is included with the mole number of two to twelve times larger than the total mole number of the compound.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate; gate and data lines crossing each other on the substrate to define a pixel region; a thin film transistor that is connected to the gate and data lines, and includes a gate electrode, an active layer made of micro-crystalline silicon, and source and drain electrodes which are sequentially formed; a passivation layer on the thin film transistor; and a first electrode in the pixel region on the passivation layer and connected to the drain electrode, wherein a first overlap width between the drain electrode and the gate electrode is less than a second overlap width between the source electrode and the gate electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed are transition metal-carbon nanotube hybrid catalysts in which a transition metal having high catalytic activity is uniformly distributed on surface of a carbon nanotube containing nitrogen so as to maximize a surface area of the catalyst exhibiting catalytic activity, a method for preparation thereof, and a method for generation of hydrogen from an alkaline medium using the prepared catalyst. The transition metal-carbon nanotube hybrid catalyst containing N2 according to the present invention is effectively used in a variety of industrial applications utilizing hydrogen energy such as a hydrogen storage systems for fuel cells, fuel storage systems for hydrogen fuel vehicles, electric vehicles and/or as energy sources for electronic devices.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an array substrate includes forming a gate line and a gate electrode; forming a gate insulating layer, an intrinsic amorphous silicon layer, an inorganic material insulating layer and a heat transfer layer on the gate line and the gate electrode; irradiating a laser beam onto the heat transfer layer to crystallize the intrinsic amorphous silicon layer into a polycrystalline silicon layer; removing the heat transfer layer; patterning the inorganic insulating material layer using a buffered oxide etchant to form an etch-stopper corresponding to the gate electrode forming an impurity-doped amorphous silicon layer and a metal layer on the etch-stopper and the polycrystalline silicon layer; patterning the metal layer to form a data line, a source electrode and a drain electrode and forming a pixel electrode on the passivation layer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an array substrate includes forming a gate line and a gate electrode; forming a gate insulating layer, an intrinsic amorphous silicon layer, an inorganic material insulating layer and a heat transfer layer on the gate line and the gate electrode; irradiating a laser beam onto the heat transfer layer to crystallize the intrinsic amorphous silicon layer into a polycrystalline silicon layer; removing the heat transfer layer; patterning the inorganic insulating material layer using a buffered oxide etchant to form an etch-stopper corresponding to the gate electrode forming an impurity-doped amorphous silicon layer and a metal layer on the etch-stopper and the polycrystalline silicon layer; patterning the metal layer to form a data line, a source electrode and a drain electrode and forming a pixel electrode on the passivation layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system for removing a sacrificial layer from an MEMS structure or from any other semiconductor substrate that includes a sacrificial layer. The above etching method and system use densified carbon dioxide, fluorine compounds, and co-solvents as the processing fluid and are capable of removing the sacrificial layer in a short period of time without incurring damage on the structural layer or incurring stiction between structures. In addition, the above etching method and system do not create etching residue and thus do not require a separate cleaning process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a transition metal-carbon nanotube hybrid material using nitrogen as a medium. The present invention is characterized in that nitrogen-added carbon nanotube is grown in the presence of metal catalyst particles by reacting an hydrocarbon gas with a nitrogen gas by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and a transition metal-carbon nanotube hybrid material where a transition metal is uniformly attached to the entire carbon nanotube structure in which nitrogen with a great chemical reactivity is added as heterogeneous elements is chemically manufactured. Therefore, the present invention does not use an acid treatment required to attach transition-metal atoms to the carbon-nanotube, a surface treating process using a surfactant and the like and an inhibitor for preventing the coagulation of the transition metal so that a simplification of the process is obtained and the method is an environment-friendly method.