Abstract: An integrated circuit including a standard cell including: a metal layer including a pattern extending in a first horizontal direction and a plurality of tracks spaced apart from one another in a second horizontal direction, wherein the plurality of tracks include a plurality of cell tracks and one power distribution network (PDN) track, wherein cell patterns are formed on the plurality of cell tracks, and a PDN pattern or a routing pattern is formed on the one power distribution network (PDN) track, wherein a first pattern is spaced apart from a cell boundary of the standard cell by a first length and is formed on a first cell track among the plurality of cell tracks, and wherein a second pattern is spaced apart from a cell boundary of the standard cell by a second length and is formed on a second cell track among the plurality of cell tracks.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes a first cell in a first row extending in a first direction, a first power line extending in the first direction in a power rail layer, and configured to provide a first supply voltage to the first cell, and a first pattern overlapping a first boundary of the first row, and extending in the first direction in a first wiring layer, wherein the first cell includes at least one pattern extending in the first direction in the first wiring layer, and at least one transistor between the power rail layer and the first wiring layer, and the first pattern is configured to receive an input signal or an output signal of the first cell.

Abstract: There is provided an operation method of a memory system which includes a host and a storage device, and the operation method includes allocating a portion of a host memory included in the host for a host memory buffer to be used by a controller of the storage device, setting a set feature command such that the host memory buffer is enabled, setting a retention command including information about a response speed of the host memory buffer, selecting an operation mode of the host memory buffer, based on the retention command, and selecting one of a plurality of power states, which the controller supports, based on a performance objective of the operation mode of the host memory buffer.

Abstract: An operation method of a storage device configured to communicate with an external device through an interface channel includes receiving an indicator of a first throttling level of a plurality of throttling levels from the external device, setting a first operation parameter based on a throttling predefined table (PDT) including a relationship between the plurality of throttling levels and a plurality of throttling performances, such that the interface channel has a first throttling performance from among the plurality of throttling performances, the first throttling performance corresponding to the first throttling level, receiving a first input/output (I/O) request from the external device through the interface channel having the first throttling performance caused by the setting of the first operation parameter, and processing a first operation corresponding to the first I/O request through the interface channel having the first throttling performance.

Abstract: An operation method of a storage device configured to communicate with an external device through an interface channel includes receiving an indicator of a first throttling level of a plurality of throttling levels from the external device, setting a first operation parameter based on a throttling predefined table (PDT) including a relationship between the plurality of throttling levels and a plurality of throttling performances, such that the interface channel has a first throttling performance from among the plurality of throttling performances, the first throttling performance corresponding to the first throttling level, receiving a first input/output (I/O) request from the external device through the interface channel having the first throttling performance caused by the setting of the first operation parameter, and processing a first operation corresponding to the first I/O request through the interface channel having the first throttling performance.