Abstract: A modular lithium battery having a plurality of cells, having electrical connecting means connecting the cells to output terminals, and venting means for releasing discharge byproducts to a chemical scrubber. Stainless steel cell casings are potted in an aluminum modular case with syntactic foam and epoxy. The wall thickness resulting is about 0.5 inches.

Abstract: A primary electrochemical cell including a hold-down unit for securing and preventing movement of a physically large battery stack of the cell. The battery stack is disposed within a rectangular metal housing of the cell, together with an electrolytic solution, and comprises a large number of rectangular anodes and cathode structures arranged in the battery stack in alternation.The hold-down unit is disposed in the cell in abutment with the top of the battery stack and an inner surface of a cover assembly secured to the housing. The hold-down unit includes a pair of opposed end sections in abutment with the interior surfaces of one pair of walls of the housing and lying orthogonally to the planes of the components of the battery stack, and a pair of opposed connecting sections in abutment with the interior surfaces of the other pair of walls of the housing and interconnecting the pair of end sections.