Abstract: A video decoding method is configured to reconstruct a current block that is encoded using an intra prediction. The method includes decoding, from a bitstream, direction information indicating a direction of differential coding applied to a residual block of the current block, generating the residual block from residual signals by reconstructing and using the information on the residual signals from the bitstream and using the direction information, inversely quantizing the modified residual block, generating a prediction block for the current block through intra prediction, and reconstructing the current block by adding the prediction block and the inverse quantized residual block.

Abstract: A coding tool is provided to improve the compression performance of inter prediction and is used at the encoder/decoder side to adjust the correction of a motion vector based on a high level syntax. In addition, a method is provided for simply performing an integer sample search step of searching for an integer offset and a fractional sample refinement step of searching for a sub-pixel offset in relation to motion vector refinement among coding tools.

Abstract: A strain of Lactobacillus gasseri KBL697 and the use thereof are described. The strain of Lactobacillus gasseri KBL697 (Accession No. KCTC 13520BP) attenuates allergic reactions of cells, significantly improves symptoms of atopic dermatitis, and exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-fungal effects and a therapeutic effect for intestinal diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome and colitis. Thus, the single strain alone can achieve all the purposes of alleviating allergic diseases and inflammatory diseases and improving intestinal health, thereby finding advantageous applications as a probiotic substance. In addition, the strain, based on the anti-fungal activity thereof, can be advantageously utilized in a skin external preparation against various skin diseases caused by fungi, and in a cosmetic composition and a functional patch for alleviating sensitive skin.

Abstract: An apparatus for decoding video data includes a decoder configured to decode, from a bitstream, a syntax element indicating an intra-prediction type of a current block of the video data, and an intra-predictor configured to generate a prediction block for the current block by selectively performing matrix based intra-prediction (MIP) or regular intra-prediction based on the intra-prediction type of the current block indicated by the syntax element.

Abstract: An apparatus for decoding video data includes a decoder configured to decode, from a bitstream, a syntax element indicating an intra-prediction type of a current block of the video data, and an intra-predictor configured to generate a prediction block for the current block by selectively performing matrix based intra-prediction (MIP) or regular intra-prediction based on the intra-prediction type of the current block indicated by the syntax element.

Abstract: An apparatus for decoding video data includes a decoder configured to decode, from a bitstream, a syntax element indicating an intra-prediction type of a current block of the video data, and an intra-predictor configured to generate a prediction block for the current block by selectively performing matrix based intra-prediction (MIP) or regular intra-prediction based on the intra-prediction type of the current block indicated by the syntax element.

Abstract: An apparatus for decoding video data includes a decoder configured to decode, from a bitstream, a syntax element indicating an intra-prediction type of a current block of the video data, and an intra-predictor configured to generate a prediction block for the current block by selectively performing matrix based intra-prediction (MIP) or regular intra-prediction based on the intra-prediction type of the current block indicated by the syntax element.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for intra-prediction coding of video data are provided. The apparatus includes a decoder that is configured to decode, from a bitstream, a syntax element indicating an intra-prediction type of a current block of the video data, and an intra-predictor that is configured to generate a prediction block for the current block by selectively performing matrix based intra-prediction or regular intra-prediction based on the intra-prediction type of the current block indicated by the syntax element.

Abstract: An apparatus for decoding video data includes a decoder configured to decode, from a bitstream, a syntax element indicating an intra-prediction type of a current block of the video data, and an intra-predictor configured to generate a prediction block for the current block by selectively performing matrix based intra-prediction (MIP) or regular intra-prediction based on the intra-prediction type of the current block indicated by the syntax element.

Abstract: Provided is a thin glass-laminated printed steel sheet comprising: a printed steel sheet including a metal sheet and a printed layer on which a design or a pattern having a high resolution of 300 dpi or higher is printed on a surface of the metal sheet; an adhesive layer formed by curing an ultraviolet curable adhesive solution on the printed steel sheet, having a thickness of 10 to 100 ?m, and being transparent; and a flexible thin glass attached by the adhesive layer, wherein a reference value for color density (Dmax Comparison) is higher than 1.6, as measured by a spectrophotometer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyimide precursor composition, and a polyimide film manufactured using same. According to the present invention, since a polyimide film is manufactured from a mixture of a polyimide precursor having a structure that is advantageous to surface charge accumulation and a polyimide precursor having a structure capable of exhibiting high heat-resistant characteristics, a flexible device using the polyimide film as a substrate can have both improved charge accumulation characteristics caused by an electric field to be generated during the operation of a TFT device and heat high heat-resistant characteristics.

Abstract: Image decoding of decoding a sequence of coded pictures on a block-by-block basis is provided. The image decoding incudes decoding a first high-level syntax element from a bitstream to determine, at a sequence level, whether affine motion prediction is allowed. A second high-level syntax element is extracted for each of at least one coding tool from the bitstream depending on the first high-level syntax element. At a picture level, the method determines whether each of the at least one coding tool is allowed. The coding tool includes sample-by-sample adjustment of affine motion prediction samples.

Abstract: Image decoding of decoding a sequence of coded pictures on a block-by-block basis is provided. The image decoding incudes decoding a first high-level syntax element from a bitstream to determine, at a sequence level, whether affine motion prediction is allowed. A second high-level syntax element is extracted for each of at least one coding tool from the bitstream depending on the first high-level syntax element. At a picture level, the method determines whether each of the at least one coding tool is allowed. The coding tool includes sample-by-sample adjustment of affine motion prediction samples.

Abstract: Image decoding of decoding a sequence of coded pictures on a block-by-block basis is provided. The image decoding incudes decoding a first high-level syntax element from a bitstream to determine, at a sequence level, whether affine motion prediction is allowed. A second high-level syntax element is extracted for each of at least one coding tool from the bitstream depending on the first high-level syntax element. At a picture level, the method determines whether each of the at least one coding tool is allowed. The coding tool includes sample-by-sample adjustment of affine motion prediction samples.

Abstract: Image decoding of decoding a sequence of coded pictures on a block-by-block basis is provided. The image decoding incudes decoding a first high-level syntax element from a bitstream to determine, at a sequence level, whether affine motion prediction is allowed. A second high-level syntax element is extracted for each of at least one coding tool from the bitstream depending on the first high-level syntax element. At a picture level, the method determines whether each of the at least one coding tool is allowed. The coding tool includes sample-by-sample adjustment of affine motion prediction samples.

Abstract: A method and device for controlling coding tools are provided. The video decoding method includes decoding, from a high level of a bitstream, an enable flag indicating whether one or more coding tools are enabled. The coding tools includes a first coding tool that encodes sample values using luma component mapping based on a piecewise linear model. The method includes acquiring a value of an application flag depending on a value of the enable flag, by setting the application flag indicating whether to apply the coding tools to a predetermined value, or by decoding the application flag from a low level of the bitstream, the application flag including a first application flag indicating whether to apply the first coding tool. The coding tools are operated when the value of the application flag is a value indicating that the coding tools are applied.

Abstract: Image decoding of decoding a sequence of coded pictures on a block-by-block basis is provided. The image decoding incudes decoding a first high-level syntax element from a bitstream to determine, at a sequence level, whether affine motion prediction is allowed. A second high-level syntax element is extracted for each of at least one coding tool from the bitstream depending on the first high-level syntax element. At a picture level, the method determines whether each of the at least one coding tool is allowed. The coding tool includes sample-by-sample adjustment of affine motion prediction samples.

Abstract: A hydrogenated petroleum resin, and a manufacturing method and use thereof, are provided. More specifically, a hydrogenated petroleum resin manufactured by subjecting dicyclopentadiene and an olefinic monomer to thermal polymerization and then carrying out a hydrogenation reaction, and a manufacturing method and use therefor are provided. The hydrogenated petroleum resin has the advantage of being useful in practical applications, since the petroleum resin is manufactured via thermal polymerization using inexpensive raw materials and on the contrary to conventional catalytic polymerization, a catalyst elimination process can be excluded. The hydrogenated petroleum resin produced in this way can be applied to, for example, an adhesive agent used in environmentally friendly sanitary goods, because the petroleum resin has excellent compatibility, adhesiveness and heat resistance, and has no bad odor.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus for a hybrid electric vehicle may employ two clutches, two brakes, a dog clutch unit to a planetary gear train of having three planetary gear sets, and thereby provide various shifting modes such as an engine mode and a parallel hybrid mode of multiple shift-stages, an electronically-controlled continuously variable shifting mode, and an electric vehicle mode.

Abstract: This invention relates to a hydrogenated hydrocarbon resin and a method of preparing the same, wherein the preparation process is simplified, material supply problems can be solved, and the hydrogenated hydrocarbon resin can be prepared using a catalyst, which is inexpensive, has a low odor and is easy to handle, thereby realizing a yield and a preparation process that enable real-world application thereof. The hydrogenated hydrocarbon resin prepared by the method of the invention has excellent compatibility and a low specific viscosity, and can thus be efficiently used as a tackifier or an adhesive in a variety of fields.