Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing the same. The method for preparing a carrier including ammonium oxidizing bacteria immobilized therein includes: preparing a PVA-alginate mixed solution containing PVA mixed with alginate; adding sludge containing ammonium oxidizing bacteria and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) to the PVA-alginate mixed solution to obtain a foaming-beading solution; and dropping the foaming-beading solution to a saturated boric acid solution to obtain beads including sludge immobilized therein, wherein sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is decomposed to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) which is discharged to the exterior of the beads to form pores in the beads, when the foaming-beading solution is dropped to the saturated boric acid solution to obtain beads including sludge immobilized therein.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing the same. The method for preparing a carrier including ammonium oxidizing bacteria immobilized therein includes: preparing a PVA-alginate mixed solution containing PVA mixed with alginate; adding sludge containing ammonium oxidizing bacteria and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) to the PVA-alginate mixed solution to obtain a foaming-beading solution; and dropping the foaming-beading solution to a saturated boric acid solution to obtain beads including sludge immobilized therein, wherein sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is decomposed to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) which is discharged to the exterior of the beads to form pores in the beads, when the foaming-beading solution is dropped to the saturated boric acid solution to obtain beads including sludge immobilized therein.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an apparatus for enrichment culturing of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria, including: a reactor containing a culture medium containing ammonium and nitrite; and activated sludge beads in which the anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in the culture medium are supported, wherein the amount of the activated sludge beads is 25-35% based on the volume of the culture medium. Because loss of the anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria is minimized and the beads have good mechanical strength, the apparatus for enrichment culturing of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria can be operated for a long time.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for reducing nitrate using iron-oxidizing microorganisms, which can easily reduce nitrate using iron-oxidizing microorganisms. The apparatus includes: a nitrate-reducing reactor which is operated under anaerobic conditions and provides a space for reduction of nitrate; and an iron-oxidizing microorganism provided in the nitrate-reducing reactor, wherein the iron-oxidizing microorganism releases divalent iron (Fe2+), the released Fe2+ is converted to Fe3+ by microbial oxidation under anaerobic conditions while releasing an electron, and the released electron is used in the reduction of nitrate into nitrogen gas by the iron-oxidizing microorganism.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optimized fermentation process of mycelia on the solid medium of starch-processing waste, more precisely, an optimized fermentation process for mass-production of in variety of highly valuable mycelia on the solid medium prepared only from starch-processing waste, a by-product of the production of starch, without any additives. The optimized fermentation process of mycelia using the solid medium of starch-processing waste excluding any other additives provided by the present invention has many advantages; it is effective for the treatment of starch-processing waste, it is effective for the increase of productivity of mycelia and for shortening of culture time because it enables the rapid growth of mycelia, and it is effective for the mass-production of in variety of highly valuable mycelia which is in great demand.