Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for controlling step charging of a secondary battery. A charging control unit determines a SOC, an OCV and a polarization voltage of the secondary battery, determines an OCV deviation corresponding to a difference between the OCV and a predefined minimum OCV value, determines a correction factor corresponding to the polarization voltage and the OCV deviation, determines a look-up SOC by correcting the SOC according to the correction factor, determines the magnitude of a charging current corresponding to the look-up SOC, and provides the determined charging current to a charging device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of improving the corrosion resistance of a metal substrate surface using an oxygen reduction catalyst, which may improve the corrosion resistance of the metal substrate surface by coating the metal substrate surface with the oxygen reduction catalyst so that the metal substrate surface is changed to a passive state through the action of the oxygen reduction catalyst in an environment in which a stable oxide layer is not spontaneously formed on the metal substrate surface. The present invention has an advantage in that it can dramatically improve the corrosion resistance of the metal substrate under a corrosive environment by allowing a recoverable oxide layer to be formed on the metal substrate surface through the action of the oxygen reduction catalyst, applied to the surface, even in an environment in which an oxide layer is not spontaneously formed on the metal substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: a method for evaluating response to treatment using a MEK 1/2 inhibitor in an individual diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disease; and a composition to be used for the method. Particularly, the method of the present invention comprises measuring, in a biological sample obtained from the individual with a neurodegenerative disease, the concentration of at least one biomarker selected from the group consisting of osteopontin, synaptotagmin-1, apolipoprotein-E, cathepsin B, HLA-DOB (HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain), and neurofilament light chain. According to the present invention, response to the MEK 1/2 inhibitor in the individual diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disease is monitored, and it is thereby possible to obtain useful information for managing the individual, such as determining the possibility of a treatment effect early on and determining whether to continue drug treatment and whether the amount needs to be adjusted.

Abstract: An electrical stimulation indoor bike includes a stationary bicycle; an electrical stimulation unit connected to the stationary bicycle either with wire or without wire, and including an electrode pad for applying electrical stimulation to a user's body; and a control unit to control electrical stimulation of the electrical stimulation unit in accordance with an exercise mode of the stationary bicycle. By the electrical stimulation indoor bike, a variety of electrical stimulation according to pedal movement is applied to a body through an indoor bike connected with a low-frequency stimulator, thereby maximizing exercise effect.

Abstract: An electrical stimulation indoor bike includes a stationary bicycle; an electrical stimulation unit connected to the stationary bicycle either with wire or without wire, and including an electrode pad for applying electrical stimulation to a user's body; and a control unit to control electrical stimulation of the electrical stimulation unit in accordance with an exercise mode of the stationary bicycle. By the electrical stimulation indoor bike, a variety of electrical stimulation according to pedal movement is applied to a body through an indoor bike connected with a low-frequency stimulator, thereby maximizing exercise effect.

Abstract: A multi-touch sensing includes a voltage-current converter converting an input voltage into a current. A touch sensing block senses touch of an object. An amplifier includes a first input terminal connected to an output terminal of the voltage-current converter and to a first terminal of the touch sensing block. A second input terminal of the amplifier is grounded. An output terminal of the amplifier is connected to a second terminal of the touch sensing block.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and a method of preventing a printing error thereof. If the image forming apparatus is able to recognize a printer language category when printing data has normal printer language category information, it analyzes the printing data using a printer language analyzer suitable for the printer language category, and normally prints data on a sheet of paper. If the printer language category information is distorted or lost such that the printer is unable to recognize the printer language category, the printer prints data on the paper using a basic printer language analyzer capable of supporting a text printing function, and at the same time determines whether an amount of the printing data for each line is higher than a maximum amount of printable data. Then, the printer determines occurrence of a printing error, stops the printing operation, and at the same time prints an error message.

Abstract: A multi-touch sensing includes a voltage-current converter converting an input voltage into a current. A touch sensing block senses touch of an object. An amplifier includes a first input terminal connected to an output terminal of the voltage-current converter and to a first terminal of the touch sensing block. A second input terminal of the amplifier is grounded. An output terminal of the amplifier is connected to a second terminal of the touch sensing block.

Abstract: A fabrication method of isotropic and anisotropic NdFeB type permanent magnets is disclosed. In the a fabrication method of isotropic and anisotropic NdFeB type permanent magnets, the isotropic and anisotropic NdFeB type permanent magnets can be easily manufactured by means of Joule's heat using a self resistance of a powder molded body by directly applying a DC (Direct Current) to the upper and lower punches and the powder molded body, without using external heating elements or high frequency coils and so on, during press molding of the permanent magnet powder using the punches, and it is simple in terms of structure during the fabrication thereof, so that the manufacturing cost is low.

Abstract: An audio output system and method for an information processing terminal having an internal speaker system are provided for selectively outputting audio signal through an external speaker system. An audio output method for an information processing device includes generating an audio signal in an operation mode; checking an output module of the audio signal; outputting, if the output module is an internal speaker, the audio signal through the internal speaker; tuning, if the output module is a transmitter, the transmitter to a reception frequency of the external speaker system; and transmitting the audio signal to the external speaker system through the transmission frequency via the transmitter.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and a method of preventing a printing error thereof. If the image forming apparatus is able to recognize a printer language category when printing data has normal printer language category information, it analyzes the printing data using a printer language analyzer suitable for the printer language category, and normally prints data on a sheet of paper. If the printer language category information is distorted or lost such that the printer is unable to recognize the printer language category, the printer prints data on the paper using a basic printer language analyzer capable of supporting a text printing function, and at the same time determines whether an amount of the printing data for each line is higher than a maximum amount of printable data. Then, the printer determines occurrence of a printing error, stops the printing operation, and at the same time prints an error message.

Abstract: A jam removing method and printer using toner a save mode includes detecting a paper jam on a printing route, confirming whether a dot count value of a corresponding image exceeds a preset boundary value, and converting a printing mode into the toner save mode when the dot count value exceeds the boundary value. The paper jam by an image density is prevented from repeating, and successive paper jam is prevented from occurring, user's convenience may be enhanced, and the toner may not be wasted.

Abstract: A jam removing method and printer using toner a save mode includes detecting a paper jam on a printing route, confirming whether a dot count value of a corresponding image exceeds a preset boundary value, and converting a printing mode into the toner save mode when the dot count value exceeds the boundary value. The paper jam by an image density is prevented from repeating, and successive paper jam is prevented from occurring, user's convenience may be enhanced, and the toner may not be wasted.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to manage device jobs using hosts. The method includes checking job instruction items issued to devices by the hosts, detecting job priority information regarding hosts instructed for a particular device among the devices to perform a job from the job instruction items, and transmitting job data for device jobs to the particular device according to the job priority information. Since the hosts rather than the devices manage jobs of the devices whose operations are controlled through a network, a network card in each device can perform device jobs without a central processing unit (CPU).

Abstract: A fast printing apparatus and method thereof include a host converting job data for a print job into a printing code and analyzing and processing the printing code to produce a display list, and a printer temporarily storing the display list input from the host, producing bit map data by processing the temporarily stored display list, and printing a bit map image corresponding to the produced bit map data. With the use of the fast printing apparatus and method thereof, it is possible to increase a printing speed of the printer.