Abstract: Provided are methods and apparatuses for improving compression efficiency in directional intra-prediction. A video encoding apparatus, which does not need to record intra mode information, includes a mode selector that selects one from among a plurality of intra modes on the basis of a directionality of at least one neighboring block that has already been reconstructed before a current block is reconstructed, an intra predictor that obtains a prediction block of the current block from the at least one neighboring block according to the directionality of the selected mode, and obtains a residual block by subtracting the prediction block from the current block, and a unit for encoding the obtained residual block.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an artificial intelligence-based method for manufacturing a 3D prosthesis for tooth restoration, the method including the steps of (a) obtaining an image of arrangement of teeth including an abutment tooth and a 3D modeling image of a crown which is a prosthesis, (b) preprocessing the 3D modeling image of the abutment tooth and the 3D modeling image of the crown into a 2D image so as to establish a learning dataset, (c) performing first artificial intelligence learning by using an artificial intelligence image conversion algorithm with the abutment tooth image and the crown image having been established into the learning dataset as reference data and a crown image generated appropriately to be intubated into the abutment tooth considering a shape and a size of a peripheral tooth of the abutment tooth as a correct answer data, and (d) performing second artificial intelligence learning for extracting a 3D learning image of a crown in which a volume is assigned to the 2D learning