Abstract: A novel composition of matter for manufacturing of a cigarette substitute, maintaining the taste of refular cigarette and a flavor of a cigarette without any tobacco leaves, is composed of, including but not limited to, shredded leaves of Morus alba L, 1354MI, shredded leaves of Synurus deltoids (MIT) NAKAI 3822G1, shredded leaves of Berchemia berchemiaefolia (MAK). KO1DZ, 2635 MI, and shredded leaves of Eucomonia ulmodies OLIVER, 2003M1. The cigarette substitute of this invention is manufactured in appearance of anormal cigarettes, 20 each per pack. The cigarette substitute emits an undetectable amount of nicotine and no class “A” carcinogenic substance when smoked by a person. The cigarette substitute has additional beneficial effects of cancer-resistance. It effects to cure health problems associated with poisons imposed by heavy metals of mercury, nickel, and cadmium inherent with typical cigarette. The cigarette substitute of this invention helps to quit smoking.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a cigarette substitute, maintaining the taste and flavor of a typical commercially available cigarette utilizing: (1) the shredded leaves of Morus alba L, 1354MI; (2) shredded leaves of Synurus deltoids (MIT) NAKAI 3822G1; (3) shredded leaves of Berchemia berchemiaefolia (MAK). K01DZ, 2635 MI; (4) shredded leaves of Eucomonia ulmodies OLIVER, 2003M1; (5) and shredded leaves of herbs, is comprised of, including but not limited to: 1) washing; 2) primary drying; 3) steaming; 4) secondary drying; 5) shredding; and, 6) packing. The cigarette substitute of this invention is manufactured in normal cigarettes appearance, 20 each per pack. The substitute emits an undetectable amount of nicotine and no class “A” carcinogenic substance when consumed by a person. The cigarette substitute has a beneficial effect of cancer-resistance.

Abstract: A method of compensating a phase error of a phase encoding gradient pulse in fast spin echo (FSE) imaging, wherein a bipolar type phase encoding gradient pulses for tuning are applied between a 90° RF signal and a first 180° RF signal in a FSE sequence to obtain a tuning value. Alternatively, an additional 180° RF signal is applied between a 90° RF signal and a first 180° RF signal in a FSE sequence, and then phase encoding gradient pulses for tuning are applied between the additional 180° RF signal and the first 180° RF signal to obtain a tuning value. The phase errors of the phase encoding gradient pulses are compensated for using the obtained tuning value. Accordingly, a ringing artifact or blurring phenomenon of an image can be reduced in the FSE imaging, and the contrast of an image can be improved.