Abstract: A method of controlling an electric continuous variable valve timing apparatus improves starting performance of an engine by a simplified phase control for the camshaft. The method, in which intake and exhaust timing of an engine is changed in accordance with a phase of the camshaft, may include: determining whether starting off of the engine is required during driving; recognizing a target phase of the camshaft for next starting of the engine; controlling the phase of the camshaft so that the intake timing of the engine is advanced in accordance with the target phase; and ending the phase control of the camshaft in accordance with a state of the engine or the camshaft.

Abstract: An engine having a variable valve timing device and a variable tumble device, may include the variable valve timing device advancing or delaying a rotation of an intake camshaft or an exhaust camshaft, an intake valve or an exhaust valve configured to be operated by the intake camshaft or the exhaust camshaft respectively to open and close an intake port or an exhaust port, and the variable tumble device that may be disposed on an upstream side of the intake valve in the intake port and changes a flow of a gas being suck to form a tumble in a combustion chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and a method for generating a local signal and a Radio Access Station (RAS) using the same in a wireless telecommunication system. The apparatus includes: an Intermediate Frequency (IF) local unit for generating an IF local signal; and a Radio Frequency (RF) local unit for generating an RF local signal, wherein the IF local unit comprises: a first frequency synthesizer for generating the IF local signal; and a first distributor for distributing the IF local signal into an IF local signal for transmission and an IF local signal for reception, and wherein the RF local unit comprises: a second frequency synthesizer for generating the RF local signal; and a switch for distinguishing the RF signal into an RF local signal for transmission and an RF local signal for reception, and switching the RF local signal for transmission to a transmission path and the RF local signal for reception to a receive path.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochemical machining process for fabrication of cylindrical microprobes, which is effected by the tool acting as the cathode against the workpiece acting as the anode, taking advantage of a chemical reaction occurring between the workpiece and the tool, both being beneath the surface of an electrolyte, under such a controlled electric field that the workpiece can be machined to have a uniform diameter throughout its entire length. The electrochemical machining can be carried out with greater precision because a precise machining process because the volume to be additionally processed owing to the surface tension generated when the workpiece is dipped into the electrolyte is taken into consideration.