Abstract: An apparatus and method for synchronization acquisition in a mobile communication system. A user equipment (UE) communicates with any one of a first Node B of a first system mode operating in a synchronous scheme and a second Node B of a second system mode operating in an asynchronous scheme in a mobile communication system. The apparatus and method include a controller for determining a system mode of a current Node B to which the UE belongs and generating a system mode select signal for selecting the determined system mode. Also provided is a code generator for generating a synchronization code used in the first system mode or the second system mode in response to the system mode select signal.