Abstract: This application relates to an input data generating apparatus for generating forcing data used as input data for a climate change prediction model. In one aspect, the apparatus includes a memory storing instructions and a processor configured to, by executing the instructions, collect new ground type data from land-use harmonization (LUH) data that is restored through history database of the global environment (HYDE) and provided by the coupled model inter-comparison project (CMIP). The processor may also collect existing ground type data calculated by an existing model in a previous phase of the CMIP, generate aggregated ground type data by data-aggregating the new ground type data and the existing ground type data, with priority to the new ground type data. The processor may further generate the forcing data from the aggregated ground type data by performing a distortion correction on a data distortion that occurs during the data aggregation.

Abstract: Proposed is a board game system for carbon neutrality education including: a game display unit including a game board, general cards having carbon cards on which carbon emission quantities are indicated and environment cards on which carbon absorption quantities are indicated, disaster cards on which climate crisis disasters are indicated, convention cards on which rights to change greenhouse gas target amounts are indicated, earth money cards on which scores are indicated, and an indicator for indicating the level of global warming and carbon emission targets; and a game control unit for controlling the game display unit to display the general cards, the disaster cards, the convention cards, the earth money cards, or the indicator on the game board.

Abstract: This application relates to an input data generating apparatus for generating forcing data used as input data for a climate change prediction model. In one aspect, the apparatus includes a memory storing instructions and a processor configured to, by executing the instructions, collect new ground type data from land-use harmonization (LUH) data that is restored through history database of the global environment (HYDE) and provided by the coupled model inter-comparison project (CMIP). The processor may also collect existing ground type data calculated by an existing model in a previous phase of the CMIP, generate aggregated ground type data by data-aggregating the new ground type data and the existing ground type data, with priority to the new ground type data. The processor may further generate the forcing data from the aggregated ground type data by performing a distortion correction on a data distortion that occurs during the data aggregation.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a metal sintered body. The method for producing a metal sintered body in accordance with an embodiment includes (a) disposing a metal powder in a chamber of a spark plasma sintering apparatus, (b) applying a electric current to the metal powder to raise a temperature inside the chamber from a standby temperature to a first sintering temperature, (c) lowering the temperature inside the chamber to a second sintering temperature lower than the first sintering temperature and performing sintering, and (d) lowering the temperature inside the chamber from the second sintering temperature to the standby temperature.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a metal sintered body. The method for producing a metal sintered body in accordance with an embodiment includes (a) disposing a metal powder in a chamber of a spark plasma sintering apparatus, (b) applying a electric current to the metal powder to raise a temperature inside the chamber from a standby temperature to a first sintering temperature, (c) lowering the temperature inside the chamber to a second sintering temperature lower than the first sintering temperature and performing sintering, and (d) lowering the temperature inside the chamber from the second sintering temperature to the standby temperature.

Abstract: Provided is a post-treatment method of a film-coated member, the method including heating an electrically conductive film provided on at least one surface of a substrate by applying pressure to a member including the substrate and the film and applying a high-frequency direct current pulse to the film, wherein the pressure is applied in a direction having a normal-vector-direction component of a layer of the film.