Abstract: The image encoding and decoding method and apparatus based on a periodicity on phase signal are disclosed. One embodiment on an encoding an image, the method comprising: generating a prediction signal for an input signal, calculating an initial residual signal, which is a difference value between the input signal and the prediction signal, generating a transformed residual signal by transforming a value of the initial residual signal to have a size value within a preset range, and encoding the transformed residual signal, wherein the transformed residual signal is generated based on a period of a signal, wherein the preset range is a range of the period of the signal.

Abstract: Disclosed are an implant surgery planning method using automatic placement of an implant structure, a user interface providing method therefor, and a teeth image processing device therefor. One embodiment provides an implant surgery planning method using automatic placement of an implant structure, a user interface providing method therefor, and a teeth image processing device therefor, wherein during planning, placement of an implant structure is automatically performed with respect to all missing-tooth areas as well as a single missing-tooth area in a teeth image, and placement of an implant structure is automatically performed on the basis of information on relation with a surrounding structure of the missing-tooth area, whereby the present invention increases a user's convenience.

Abstract: Proposed is a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material having a multimodal particle-size distribution to suppress particle crack of the positive electrode active material caused by pressure applied during a positive electrode and cell manufacturing process, thereby exhibiting excellent electrical characteristics. In addition, an all-solid-state battery including the positive electrode is proposed. The positive electrode may include a positive electrode active material formed of a lithium transition metal oxide and having a multimodal particle-size distribution in which particles with relatively small particle diameters have greater particle strength than particles with relatively large particle diameters.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus are provided. An image encoding method performed by an image encoding apparatus may comprise determining an intra-prediction mode of a current block, configuring a reference sample of intra prediction by using at least one of a neighbor pixel of the current block in a current picture and a pixel of a reference picture, and performing intra prediction for the current block based on the intra-prediction mode and the reference sample.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus for performing intra prediction are provided. An image decoding method of the present invention comprises deriving an intra prediction mode for a current block, selecting at least one reconstructed sample line neighboring to the current block, constructing a reference sample using at least one reconstructed sample included in the at least one reconstructed sample line, and performing intra prediction for the current block based on the intra prediction mode and the reference sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a video encoding and decoding method. A video decoding method for the same may include: obtaining granularity information; determining a sharing region based on the granularity information; and generating a prediction block of a current block by using motion information of the sharing region when the current block corresponds to the sharing region.

Abstract: An instant rice container separation apparatus and an instant rice manufacturing system comprising same are disclosed. The instant rice container separation apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a container-supplying master which is provided at one side of an apparatus body and which allows a plurality of instant rice containers to be stacked in the height direction while overlapping and to be arranged in the lateral direction; an integrated container separation plate which is disposed in a region below the container-supplying master, and which separates the lowermost containers, arranged in the lateral direction, all at once from the containers stacked thereon; and a separation plate forward-backward driving part which is connected to the integrated container separation plate and which drives the integrated container separation plate forward and backward.

Abstract: An image decoding method and apparatus and an image encoding method and apparatus are discussed. The image decoding method can include deriving an intra prediction mode of a current block, deriving reference samples including left or upper reference samples for an intra prediction on the current block, and generating a predicted block by performing the intra prediction on the current block based on the intra prediction mode and the reference samples. Based on that the intra prediction mode of the current block is a DC mode and a height of the current block is equal to a width of the current block, the intra prediction of the current block is performed by using an average value of the left reference samples adjacent to a left boundary of the current block and the upper reference samples adjacent to an upper boundary of the current block.

Abstract: An image decoding method and apparatus and an image encoding method and apparatus are discussed. The image decoding method can include deriving an intra prediction mode of a current block, deriving reference samples including left or upper reference samples for an intra prediction on the current block, and generating a predicted block by performing the intra prediction on the current block based on the intra prediction mode and the reference samples. Based on that the intra prediction mode of the current block is a DC mode and a height of the current block is equal to a width of the current block, the intra prediction of the current block is performed by using an average value of the left reference samples adjacent to a left boundary of the current block and the upper reference samples adjacent to an upper boundary of the current block.

Abstract: An mage decoding method and apparatus and an image encoding method and apparatus are discussed. The image decoding method can include deriving an intra prediction mode of a current block, deriving reference samples being left or upper reference samples for an intra prediction on the current block, and generating a predicted block by performing the intra prediction on the current block based on the intra prediction mode and the reference samples. Based on that the intra prediction mode of the current block is a DC mode and a height of the current block is equal to a width of the current block, the intra prediction of the current block is performed by using an average value of the left reference samples adjacent to a left boundary of the current block and the upper reference samples adjacent to an upper boundary of the current block.

Abstract: This application relates to an optical sensor element. In one aspect, the optical sensor element includes a graphite column including one or more graphite rods. The optical sensor element may also include one or more first graphene layers partly or entirely covering each of both ends of the graphite column. The optical sensor element may further include one or more second graphene layers partly or entirely covering the outer circumferential surface of the graphite column. This application also relates to an optical sensor for measuring the concentration of a greenhouse gas and the optical sensor includes the optical sensor element.

Abstract: An image decoding method can be performed by an image decoding apparatus. The image decoding method can include obtaining image information including prediction mode information for a current block, deriving a prediction mode of the current block based on the prediction mode information, deriving reference samples neighboring the current block, deriving prediction samples of the current block based on the prediction mode of the current block and the reference samples, and generating reconstructed samples of the current block based on the prediction samples. The reference samples include top reference samples of the current block and left reference samples of the current block. Further, whether a filtering is applied to the reference samples is determined based on the prediction mode of the current block and a size of the current block.

Abstract: Disclosed are a supply apparatus for a fixed amount of washed rice and an instant rice manufacturing system having same. The supply apparatus for a fixed amount of washed rice according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a washed rice hopper provided at one side of an apparatus body and forming a place where washed rice is stored therein; a plurality of upper chutes which are provided in the lower region of the washed rice hopper and through which the washed rice in the washed rice hopper falls individually; a plurality of lower chutes provided in the same number as the upper chutes, spaced apart from each other in the lower region of the upper chutes, and supplying the washed rice falling from the upper chutes to instant rice containers; and a washed rice delivery unit which is disposed between the upper chutes and the lower chutes, is at least partially movable, and simultaneously delivers the washed rice on the upper chute sides to the lower chutes.

Abstract: A display device and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The display device may include a pixel circuit layer including a plurality of transistors, a first partition wall and a second partition wall on the pixel circuit layer, and each protruding in a thickness direction, a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the same layer, and on the first partition wall and the second partition wall, respectively; a light emitting element between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first organic pattern directly on the light emitting element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intra prediction method and apparatus. The image decoding method according to the present invention may comprise decoding information on intra prediction; and generating a prediction block by performing intra prediction for a current block based on the information on intra prediction. The information on intra prediction may include information on an intra prediction mode, and the intra prediction mode may include a curved intra prediction mode.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a substrate processing apparatus and a substrate processing method, and more particularly, to a substrate processing apparatus and a substrate processing method for accurately accommodating a substrate at a central portion of a susceptor even when a tilt angle or a tilt direction of the susceptor on which the substrate is accommodated changes for each substrate or for each substrate process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding method and an image decoding method. The image decoding method includes partitioning a picture into a plurality of coding units, constructing a coding unit group including at least one coding unit of the plurality of coding units, obtaining coding information in units of one coding unit group, and decoding at least one coding unit of the plurality of coding units included in the coding unit group by using the obtained coding information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding/decoding method and apparatus. An image encoding method according to the present invention may comprise generating a transform block by performing at least one of transform and quantization; grouping at least one coefficient included in the transform block into at least one coefficient group (CG); scanning at least one coefficient included in the coefficient group; and encoding the at least one coefficient.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus for performing template matching-based intra prediction are provided. An image decoding method may comprise deriving a first intra-prediction mode for a current block, generating a first intra-prediction block corresponding to the first intra-prediction mode, deriving a second intra-prediction mode for the current block, generating a second intra-prediction block corresponding to the second intra-prediction mode, and generating a final intra-prediction block by using a weighted sum of the first intra-prediction block and the second intra-prediction block.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of operating a nuclear power plant, considering a fatigue state of a small modular nuclear reactor, the nuclear power plant including a plurality of small modular nuclear reactors, the method comprising: a monitoring step of monitoring a fatigue state of each of the small modular nuclear reactors; an analyzing step of, when a problematic small modular nuclear reactor, the fatigue state of which has been determined to be a predetermined level or more, is identified, analyzing whether the problematic small modular nuclear reactor is operable by considering the driving state of the problematic small modular nuclear reactor; a diagnosing step of diagnosing cumulative fatigue states of the remaining small modular nuclear reactors when the problematic small modular nuclear reactor has been determined to be inoperable.