Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor memory device includes alternately stacking sacrificial layers and interlayer insulating layers over a lower structure, forming a slit passing through the sacrificial layers and the interlayer insulating layers, removing the sacrificial layers through the slit through a wet etching process, and removing, through a dry etching process, a byproduct that is produced at ends of the interlayer insulating layers during the wet etching process.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes: forming preliminary horizontal layers vertically stacked over a lower structure in a first direction and extending horizontally in a second direction crossing the first direction; forming trimming target layers that surround each of the preliminary horizontal layers; forming horizontal layers by trimming the preliminary horizontal layers in a third direction crossing the second direction; forming trimmed target layers by trimming the trimming target layers in the third direction; and replacing the trimmed target layers with conductive layers.

Abstract: Disclosed are a bidirectional link device and method for V2X-based autonomous cooperative traveling. The bidirectional link device mounted on an autonomous cooperative traveling vehicle to support V2X communication between the autonomous cooperative traveling vehicle and a plurality of autonomous traveling infrastructure devices includes a communication standard detector that detects a communication standard of a sharing infrastructure device that is an autonomous traveling infrastructure device that will perform the V2X communication among the plurality of autonomous traveling infrastructure devices, an encoder/decoder that encodes vehicle information of the autonomous cooperative traveling vehicle using the detected communication standard and decodes infrastructure information of the sharing infrastructure device, and a link controller that controls the encoding and the decoding according to a predetermined criterion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor memory device includes alternately stacking sacrificial layers and interlayer insulating layers over a lower structure, forming a slit passing through the sacrificial layers and the interlayer insulating layers, removing the sacrificial layers through the slit through a wet etching process, and removing, through a dry etching process, a byproduct that is produced at ends of the interlayer insulating layers during the wet etching process.

Abstract: A device and system that support cognitive information sharing of autonomous vehicles are disclosed. An autonomous traveling control device for an autonomous vehicle traveling on a road together with at least one non-autonomous vehicle includes a data collector that collects information for performing autonomous traveling, a QR code generator that generates a QR (Quick Response) code including the collected information, and a traveling controller that performs control so that autonomous traveling is performed while the QR code is output to the outside on at least one of a front, side, and rear of the autonomous vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ferrous alloys with high strength, cost-effective corrosion resistance and cracking resistance for refinery service environments, such as amine service under sweet or sour environments. More specifically, the present invention pertains to a type of ferrous manganese alloyed steels for high strength and cracking resistance and methods of making and using the same for applications including, but not limited to, amine units used in oil and gas production, petroleum refining, and chemical production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ferrous alloys with high strength, cost-effective corrosion resistance and cracking resistance for refinery service environments, such as amine service under sweet or sour environments. More specifically, the present invention pertains to a type of ferrous manganese alloyed steels for high strength and cracking resistance and methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: Methods disclosed herein include using additive manufacturing to create a joint between a first metallic material and a second metallic material that is different from the first metallic material, wherein the porosity of the joint is less than about 0.1 percent by volume measured according to ASTM B-962. The additive manufacturing can be performed such that no intermetallic brittle phase forms between the first metallic material and the second metallic material.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor memory device includes alternately stacking sacrificial layers and interlayer insulating layers over a lower structure, forming a slit passing through the sacrificial layers and the interlayer insulating layers, removing the sacrificial layers through the slit through a wet etching process, and removing, through a dry etching process, a byproduct that is produced at ends of the interlayer insulating layers during the wet etching process.

Abstract: Mooring chains used in offshore environments are typically formed from carbon steels due to their wear and fatigue resistance properties. Although carbon steels may exhibit robust mechanical properties, they are susceptible to corrosion, which can shorten the usable working lifetime of mooring chains, particularly in a seawater environment. Austenitic steels comprising high percentages of manganese may have comparable mechanical properties to the carbon steels commonly used in mooring chains, yet exhibit less susceptibility to corrosion. Austenitic steels suitable for use in mooring chains and other structures in contact with or exposed to a seawater environment may comprise: 0.4-0.8 wt. % C, 12-25 wt. % Mn, 4-15 wt. % Cr, a non-zero amount of Si<3 wt. %, a non-zero amount of Al<0.5 wt. %, a non-zero amount of N<0.1 wt. %, <5 wt. % Mo, and balance Fe and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: Methods disclosed herein include using additive manufacturing to create a joint between a first metallic material and a second metallic material that is different from the first metallic material, wherein the porosity of the joint is less than about 0.1 percent by volume measured according to ASTM B-962. The additive manufacturing can be performed such that no intermetallic brittle phase forms between the first metallic material and the second metallic material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to reactive manufacturing methods to disperse fine second phase particles within a matrix, and compositions made thereof. Specifically, the reactive manufacturing methods are based on in-situ reaction synthesis during an additive manufacturing (AM) process to fabricate composite components for structural and/or functional applications. The composite components can be particularly useful in oil and gas applications.

Abstract: Mooring chains used in offshore environments are typically formed from carbon steels due to their wear and fatigue resistance properties. Although carbon steels may exhibit robust mechanical properties, they are susceptible to corrosion, which can shorten the usable working lifetime of mooring chains, particularly in a seawater environment. Austenitic steels comprising high percentages of manganese may have comparable mechanical properties to the carbon steels commonly used in mooring chains, yet exhibit less susceptibility to corrosion. Austenitic steels suitable for use in mooring chains and other structures in contact with or exposed to a seawater environment may comprise: 0.4-0.8 wt. % C, 12-25 wt. % Mn, 4-15 wt. % Cr, a non-zero amount of Si<3 wt. %, a non-zero amount of Al<0.5 wt. %, a non-zero amount of N<0.1 wt. %, <5 wt. % Mo, and balance Fe and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: Weld metals and methods for welding ferritic steels are provided. The weld metals have high strength and high ductile tearing resistance and are suitable for use in strain based pipelines. The weld metals are comprised of between 0.03 and 0.08 wt % carbon, between 2.0 and 3.5 wt % nickel, not greater than about 2.0 wt % manganese, not greater than about 0.80 wt % molybdenum, not greater than about 0.70 wt % silicon, not greater than about 0.03 wt % aluminum, not greater than 0.02 wt % titanium, not greater than 0.04 wt % zirconium, between 100 and 225 ppm oxygen, not greater than about 100 ppm nitrogen, not greater than about 100 ppm sulfur, not greater than about 100 ppm phosphorus, and the balance essentially iron. The weld metals are applied using a power source with pulsed current waveform control with <5% CO2 and <2% oxygen in the shielding gas.

Abstract: A steel composition and method from making a dual phase steel therefrom. The dual phase steel may have carbon of about 0.05% by weight to about 0.12 wt %; niobium of about 0.005 wt % to about 0.03 wt %; titanium of about 0.005 wt % to about 0.02 wt %; nitrogen of about 0.001 wt % to about 0.01 wt %; silicon of about 0.01 wt % to about 0.5 wt %; manganese of about 0.5 wt % to about 2.0 wt %; and a total of molybdenum, chromium, vanadium and copper less than about 0.15 wt %. The steel may have a first phase consisting of ferrite and a second phase having one or more of carbide, pearlite, martensite, lower bainite, granular bainite, upper bainite, and degenerate upper bainite. A solute carbon content in the first phase may be about 0.01 wt % or less.

Abstract: Improved steel compositions and methods of making the same are provided. More particularly, the present disclosure provides high manganese (Mn) steel having enhanced strength and/or performance at cryogenic temperatures, and methods for fabricating high manganese steel compositions having enhanced strength and/or performance at cryogenic temperatures. The advantageous steel compositions/components of the present disclosure improve one or more of the following properties: strength, toughness, elastic modulus, thermal expansion coefficient and/or thermal conductivity. In general, the present disclosure provides high manganese steels tailored to resist wear and/or deformation at cryogenic temperatures.

Abstract: Weld metals and methods for welding ferritic steels are provided. The weld metals have high strength and high ductile tearing resistance and are suitable for use in strain based pipelines. The weld metal contains retained austenite and has a cellular microstructure with cell walls containing lath martensite and cell interiors containing degenerate upper bainite. The weld metals are comprised of between 0.02 and 0.12 wt % carbon, between 7.50 and 14.50 wt % nickel, not greater than about 1.00 wt % manganese, not greater than about 0.30 wt % silicon, not greater than about 150 ppm oxygen, not greater than about 100 ppm sulfur, not greater than about 75 ppm phosphorus, and the balance essentially iron. Other elements may be added to enhance the properties of the weld metal. The weld metals are applied using a power source with current waveform control which produces a smooth, controlled welding arc and weld pool in the absence of CO2 or oxygen in the shielding gas.

Abstract: Improved steel compositions and methods of making the same are provided. The present disclosure provides advantageous corrosion and/or cracking resistant steel. More particularly, the present disclosure provides high manganese (Mn) steel compositions having enhanced corrosion and/or cracking resistance, and methods for fabricating high manganese steel compositions having enhanced corrosion and/or cracking resistance. Methods for fabricating high manganese steel compositions (e.g., via passivation) having enhanced corrosion and/or cracking resistance are also provided.

Abstract: Weld metals and methods for welding ferritic steels are provided. The weld metals have high strength and high ductile tearing resistance and are suitable for use in strain based pipelines. The weld metals are comprised of between 0.03 and 0.08 wt % carbon, between 2.0 and 3.5 wt % nickel, not greater than about 2.0 wt % manganese, not greater than about 0.80 wt % molybdenum, not greater than about 0.70 wt % silicon, not greater than about 0.03 wt % aluminum, not greater than 0.02 wt % titanium, not greater than 0.04 wt % zirconium, between 100 and 225 ppm oxygen, not greater than about 100 ppm nitrogen, not greater than about 100 ppm sulfur, not greater than about 100 ppm phosphorus, and the balance essentially iron. The weld metals are applied using a power source with pulsed current waveform control with <5% CO2 and <2% oxygen in the shielding gas.

Abstract: Provided are strain hardened high strength nickel based alloy welds that yield improved properties and performance in joining high strength metals. The advantageous weldments include two or more segments of ferrous or non-ferrous components, and fusion welds, friction stir welds, electron beam welds, laser beam welds, or a combination thereof bonding adjacent segments of the components together, wherein the welds comprise a strain hardened nickel based alloy weld metal composition including greater than or equal to 10 wt % Mo based on the total weight of the nickel based alloy weld metal composition. Also provided are methods for forming the welds from the nickel based alloy weld compositions. The strain hardened high strength nickel based alloy welds are useful in the oil, gas and petrochemical industry in applications for natural gas transportation and storage, oil and gas well completion and production, and oil and gas refinery and chemical plants.