Abstract: Provided is a battery pack and a vehicle including the same. The battery pack includes a plurality of pouch-type battery cells, a pack case having an inner space in which the plurality of pouch-type battery cells are accommodated, and a cell cover at least partially surrounding and supporting at least some of the plurality of pouch-type battery cells. The cell cover includes a first cover portion covering one side surface of at least one of the plurality of battery cells, a second cover portion covering the other side surface of at least one of the plurality of battery cells, and a third cover portion connecting the first cover portion to the second cover portion and covering an upper end portion of the at least one battery cell. A first venting hole through which gas or flame is discharged is formed in at least one portion of the third cover portion.

Abstract: A display device includes an anode electrode on the emission area of the substrate, a pixel-defining layer on the non-emission area of the substrate and including a first opening, a first bank layer on the pixel-defining layer, including a second opening, and including a conductive material, a second bank layer on the first bank layer and including a tip that protrudes over a side surface of the first bank layer toward the first opening, a cathode electrode on the anode electrode and contacting the side surface of the first bank layer, and an electrode pattern on the second bank layer and including a same material as the first cathode electrode. The cathode electrode and the electrode pattern are spaced apart from each other, and the electrode pattern covers a surface of the second bank layer facing the first opening in line with the protruding tip.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a first emission area, a transmissive area, and a non-emission area disposed between the first emission area and the transmissive area; a pixel-defining layer disposed on the non-emission area of the substrate and defining a first opening; a bank structure disposed on the pixel-defining layer, defining a second opening, and including different materials; and a first light-emitting element disposed on the first emission area of the substrate and in contact with the bank structure, where the bank structure includes a first bank layer including a conductive material; and a second bank layer disposed on the first bank layer and including tips that protrude on opposite sides of the second bank layer toward the first opening and the transmissive area than side surfaces of the first bank layer.

Abstract: A display apparatus including a display and a supporter. The supporter being mounted on the display and configured to support the display and rotate the display module between a first position and a second position. The supporter including a drive motor, a first gear, and a detection sensor. The drive motor configured to supply a driving force to rotate the display. The first gear configured to rotate together with the display by receiving the driving force from the drive motor. The detection sensor configured to detect a rotation amount of a second gear configured to rotate in with the first gear.

Abstract: This application relates to an optical sensor element. In one aspect, the optical sensor element includes a graphite column including one or more graphite rods. The optical sensor element may also include one or more first graphene layers partly or entirely covering each of both ends of the graphite column. The optical sensor element may further include one or more second graphene layers partly or entirely covering the outer circumferential surface of the graphite column. This application also relates to an optical sensor for measuring the concentration of a greenhouse gas and the optical sensor includes the optical sensor element.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including an emission area and a non-emission area; a thin film transistor layer positioned on the substrate; a touch buffer layer positioned on the thin film transistor layer; a connection electrode positioned on the touch buffer layer; a touch insulating layer positioned on the connection electrode; a first electrode positioned on the touch insulating layer, and overlapping the non-emission area; and a first touch sacrificial layer positioned between the touch insulating layer and the first electrode, wherein the first touch sacrificial layer does not overlap the emission area, and is positioned in an island shape while overlapping the non-emission area, and an inclination angle formed between the touch insulating layer and a side surface of the first touch sacrificial layer has an acute angle.

Abstract: A memory device including a plurality of nonvolatile memory chips each including a status output pin and a buffer chip configured to receive a plurality of internal state signals, which indicate states of the plurality of nonvolatile memory chips, from the status output pins and output an external state signal having a set period on the basis of the internal state signals indicating a particular state, wherein in a first section of the external state signal having the set period, a duty cycle of the external state signal determines depending on an identification (ID) of the nonvolatile memory chip which outputs the internal state signal indicating the particular state among the plurality of nonvolatile memory chips.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel electrode in a light emission area, a pixel defining layer which is on the pixel electrode and defines the light emission area, a light emitting layer and a common electrode on the pixel electrode, a bank on the pixel defining layer, the bank including a first bank layer defining a lower portion of a bank opening corresponding to the light emission area and a second bank layer which defines an upper portion of the bank opening and a tip of the bank, the tip including upper and lower surfaces of the second bank layer, a lower inorganic encapsulation layer which is on the bank and includes an inorganic pattern on the common electrode and facing and spaced apart from both the upper and lower surfaces of the tip, and an auxiliary pattern between the lower surface of the tip and the inorganic pattern.

Abstract: A display device that includes a first pixel electrode disposed on a substrate; a pixel defining layer disposed on the substrate and exposing the first pixel electrode; a first light emitting layer disposed on the first pixel electrode; a first common electrode disposed on the first light emitting layer; a first bank layer disposed on the pixel defining layer; a second bank layer disposed on the first bank layer and including a side surface protruding from a side surface of the first bank layer; and a third bank layer disposed on the second bank layer and including a side surface protruding from the side surface of the first bank layer, wherein the second bank layer and the third bank layer each include a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), and the second bank layer further includes zinc (Zn).

Abstract: The invention relates to a bioreactor for the anaerobic conversion of gaseous CO2 and a liquid culture medium to organic acids. The invention further relates to a process for the anaerobic conversion of gaseous CO2 and liquid culture medium to organic acids, using said bioreactor. The invention further relates to a process for the anaerobic conversion of gaseous CO2 and liquid culture medium to gaseous CH4 using the organic acids as intermediate products, using said bioreactor and an anaerobic digester.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polypeptide having one or more substitution at a position corresponding to position 339 or 376 of SEQ ID NO: 59, wherein the polypeptide is a member of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS). In an embodiment, the substitution is at position corresponding to 376 and wherein the amino acid at that position is replaced by an amino acid that has a van der Waals volume of 80 to 138 ?3 and a side chain hydrophobicity of 10 to 100 ?tR.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polypeptide having one or more substitution at a position corresponding to position 339 or 376 of SEQ ID NO: 59, wherein the polypeptide is a member of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS). In an embodiment, the substitution is at position corresponding to 376 and wherein the amino acid at that position is replaced by an amino acid that has a van der Waals volume of 80 to 138 ?3 and a side chain hydrophobicity of 10 to 100 ?tR.