Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for configurable command and data input circuits for semiconductor memories are described. Example apparatuses include input signal blocks, clock blocking circuits, data input blocks, driver circuits, and data receiver circuits.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for determining a phase relationship between an input clock signal and a multiphase clock signal are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a clock path configured to receive a clock signal and provide internal clock signals and a command path configured to receive a command and propagate the command through the command path responsive to the internal clock signals and provide an internal command having a timing that reflects a timing of the clock signal. The example apparatus further includes a data clock path configured to receive a data clock signal and provide multiphase clock signals based on the data clock signal and provide a delayed multiphase clock signal, and further includes a clock synchronization circuit configured to receive the delayed multiphase clock signal and latch a logic level of the delayed multiphase clock signal responsive to the internal command.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods including memory commands for semiconductor memories are described. An example method includes receiving a data clock signal responsive to receiving a timing command, performing an access operation responsive to receiving an access command associated with the timing command, providing an access data clock signal based on the data clock signal, and providing an access data clock signal based on the data clock signal. The access command may be separated in time from the associated timing command by at least one clock cycle of a system clock signal. In some examples, the access command may precede the associated timing command or may follow the associated timing command. In some examples, the access command may immediately follow or precede the associated timing command.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing carbon nanotubes which are capable of more effectively preparing carbon nanotubes having a uniform and fine size, and a dispersion composition of carbon nanotubes obtained using the same. The method for preparing carbon nanotube comprises the steps of: forming a dispersion comprising carbon nanotube bundles, a dispersant and a solvent; and enabling the dispersion to consecutively pass through a high pressure homogenizer, wherein the dispersant is a mixture of plural kinds of polyaromatic hydrocarbon oxides, and the carbon nanotube bundles are pulverized or disentangled while passing through a microchannel of the high pressure homogenizer under a shear force to form carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for executing an application may execute a text string selected by a user or an application associated with a type of text string to input the text string to increase the user's convenience. The apparatus of executing an application includes a text string recognizer to determine a text string, a determiner to determine one or more candidate applications related to the text string, and an input location of the selected text string based on a type of the selected text string and the association model, an application list provider to generate and display a list of the candidate applications, and an application executer to execute a candidate application selected from the list and to input the selected text string into the input location of the candidate application.

Abstract: Provided a high-pressure homogenizer comprising a channel module comprising a microchannel through which an object for homogenization passes, wherein the microchannel is provided with a first flow channel and a second flow channel sequentially arranged along the direction through which the object passes, the first flow channel is provided with a plurality of first baffles disposed so as to partition the microchannel into a plurality of spaces, the second flow channel is provided with a plurality of second baffles disposed so as to partition the microchannel into a plurality of spaces, and at least one of the first baffles is provided to be positioned between two adjacent second baffles.

Abstract: A waveguide having a light-shielding film formed on a cut surface of an edge side of the planar waveguide, the light-shielding film having a thickness of 2 to 10 ?m and an optical density (OD) of 0.7 to 1.0 based on a light-shielding film thickness of 1.0 ?m, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anhydrosugar alcohol composition having enhanced storage stability, and an anhydrosugar alcohol storage method, and more specifically, to an anhydrosugar alcohol composition having enhanced storage stability by comprising anhydrosugar alcohol and an amine-based additive; and to a method by which anhydrosugar alcohol having excellent quality may be provided by having the storing of the anhydrosugar alcohol performed under the existence of the amine-based additive, thereby remarkably enhancing the storage stability of the anhydrosugar alcohol.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for executing an application may execute a text string selected by a user or an application associated with a type of text string to input the text string to increase the user's convenience. The apparatus of executing an application includes a text string recognizer to determine a text string, a determiner to determine one or more candidate applications related to the text string, and an input location of the selected text string based on a type of the selected text string and the association model, an application list provider to generate and display a list of the candidate applications, and an application executer to execute a candidate application selected from the list and to input the selected text string into the input location of the candidate application.

Abstract: An input buffer circuit may include a first switch that may couple a first voltage source to an output line based on an enable signal, such that the enable signal is configured to cause the input buffer circuit to operate. The input buffer circuit may also include a first set of switches that may couple the first voltage source to the output line based on the enable signal and an input signal, wherein the first switch and the first set of switches may couple the first voltage source to the output line in response to the input signal being greater than an input reference signal. The input buffer circuit may also include a switch that may couple a second voltage source to the output line in response to the input signal being less than the input reference signal.

Abstract: A low-melting adhesive film may include a first adhesive layer made of a material comprising thermoplastic polyurethane, a second adhesive layer made of a material comprising aromatic-based hot-melt thermoplastic polyurethane capable of being applied to low temperature adhesion at a temperature of 60° C. or higher, and a polyethylene (PE)-based protective film layer. The low-melting adhesive film may be used to adhere a carpet fabric to a sound absorbing material and thus produce an integrated sound absorbing and proofing composite carpet.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods including memory commands for semiconductor memories are described. An example method includes receiving a data clock signal responsive to receiving a timing command, performing, an access operation responsive to receiving an access command associated with the timing command, providing an access data clock signal based on the data clock signal, and providing an access data clock signal based on the data clock signal. The access command may be separated in time from the associated timing command by at least one clock cycle of a system clock signal. In some examples, the access command may precede the associated timing command or may follow the associated timing command. In some examples, the access command may immediately follow or precede the associated timing command.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for duty cycle distortion correction of clocks are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a clock circuit configured to receive complementary input clocks and a control signal and to provide multiphase clocks responsive to complementary input clocks. The clock circuit is further configured to be in a first mode or second mode controlled by the control signal and configured to provide the multiphase clocks having greater duty cycle distortion in a first mode than in a second mode.

Abstract: Methods for laser induced ablation spectroscopy are disclosed. A sample site position sensor, and stage position motors can move the stage in three independent spatial coordinate directions, and a stage position control circuit is used to move an analysis sample site to selected coordinate positions for laser ablation. Light emitted from a plasma plume produced with laser ablation can be gathered into a lightguide fiber bundle that is subdivided into branches. One branch can convey a first portion of the light to a broadband spectrometer operable to analyze a relatively wide spectral segment, and a different branch can convey a second portion of the light to a high dispersion spectrometer operable to measure minor concentrations and/or trace elements. Emissions from a plasma plume can be simultaneously analyzed in various ways using a plurality of spectrometers having distinct and/or complementary capabilities.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for duty cycle error correction of clock signals are disclosed. An example method includes detecting a clock period error between a first clock signal and a third clock signal and adjusting a timing of the first or third clock signals based on the clock period error therebetween. The method further includes detecting a clock period error between a second clock signal and a fourth clock signal and adjusting a timing of the second or fourth clock signals based on the clock period error therebetween. Additionally, the example method includes detecting a duty cycle error between the first, second, third, and fourth clock signals, and adjusting a timing of the first and third or second and fourth clock signals based on the duty cycle error therebetween.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of displaying a notification on a device with a plurality of operating systems (OSes) installed therein. The method includes identifying a first OS displayed on a first display of the device among the plurality of OSes, detecting a notification generated in a second OS running in a background of the device among the plurality of OSes, converting the generated notification based on a preset format of the first OS when the notification is generated, and displaying the converted notification on the first display on which the first OS is displayed.

Abstract: An image sensor may include a substrate having a plurality of pixel regions in which photoelectric-conversion devices and storage node regions spaced apart from each other; a lower contact via between the photoelectric conversion-devices in the plurality of pixel regions; a first insulating layer on the lower contact via and having an opening; an upper contact via electrically connected to the lower contact via through the first insulating layer and protruding from the first insulating layer; a second insulating layer to surround the first insulating layer and the upper contact via, an upper surface of the second insulating layer in the opening defining a trench; and a color filter filling the trench. A protective film exposing the upper contact via, a first transparent electrode on the protective film and in contact with the upper contact via, and an organic photoelectric layer formed on the first transparent electrode may be provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for training a language model, include generating a first training feature vector sequence and a second training feature vector sequence from training data. The method is configured to perform forward estimation of a neural network based on the first training feature vector sequence, and perform backward estimation of the neural network based on the second training feature vector sequence. The method is further configured to train a language model based on a result of the forward estimation and a result of the backward estimation.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for duty cycle distortion correction of clocks are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a clock circuit configured to receive complementary input clocks and a control signal and to provide multiphase clocks responsive to complementary input clocks. The clock circuit is further configured to be in a first mode or second mode controlled by the control signal and configured to provide the multiphase clocks having greater duty cycle distortion in a first mode than in a second mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an emulsifying initiator and, more specifically, provides: an emulsifying initiator comprising a surfactant part, an initiator part, and vinyl monomer-derived repeating unit, the surfactant part comprising an organic acid-based monomer-derived repeating unit, and the initiator part including a peroxide-based monomer-derived repeating unit; and a thermoplastic resin composition comprising the same.