Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for an instant messaging service to provide a schedule service. A schedule management server according to an example embodiment includes receiving a schedule creating request, selecting any one of a first type of calendar belonging to a chatroom in which the schedule creating request is created and a second type of calendar belonging to a user account which creates the schedule creating request, according to a schedule type included in the schedule creating request; and creating a schedule corresponding to the selected type of calendar.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a memory device includes a memory cell array including a plurality of planes; a charge pump configured to generate an operating voltage used for an operation on each of the plurality of planes according to a first clock signal having a first cycle; page buffers each configured to store pass data representing whether an operation of each of the plurality of planes has been completed; and an operation control circuit configured to, based on a number of the pass data received from the page buffers, control the charge pump to generate the operating voltage according to a second clock signal having a second cycle that is longer than the first cycle.

Abstract: A non-contact interface device for a vehicle and a method for controlling the same, may display an operation system menu for a driver and passengers to operate various kinds of devices of the vehicle as a hologram, enable a user to operate the displayed operation system menu in a non-contact manner by use of the user's finger or the like, and provide the user with a tactile feedback for a non-contact operation, so that the user can recognize whether to have operated the menu.

Abstract: A seat rail retainer includes a body, among a first rail and a second rail that are disposed to slide straightly respectively in a longitudinal direction, the body being fixed to the first rail, an elastic supporting portion protruding from the body to be elastically pressed by the second rail, and an inserting body inserted into the body to provide an elastic force to the elastic supporting portion.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for an instant messaging service to provide a schedule service. A schedule management server according to an example embodiment includes receiving a schedule creating request, selecting any one of a first type of calendar belonging to a chatroom in which the schedule creating request is created and a second type of calendar belonging to a user account which creates the schedule creating request, according to a schedule type included in the schedule creating request; and creating a schedule corresponding to the selected type of calendar.

Abstract: A display device includes a display module, a first support film disposed under the display module, a second support film disposed under the first support film, a plurality of first support bars disposed on a lower surface of the first support film between the first support film and the second support film, and a plurality of second support bars disposed on an upper surface of the second support film between the first support film and the second support film. The plurality of first support bars and the plurality of second support bars are alternately arranged.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for managing an Open Circuit Voltage (OCV)-State Of Charge (SOC) profile of a battery. The apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a storage means to store a plurality of OCV-SOC profiles having an overlapping zone in which the OCV-SOC profiles overlap in a predetermined SOC range; and a control means coupled to the storage means. The control means is configured to calculate a partial capacity of the battery in the SOC range of the overlapping zone during charging or discharging of the battery, determine a reduction ratio of the current partial capacity to the partial capacity of the battery at Beginning Of Life (BOL), select the OCV-SOC profile corresponding to the reduction ratio among the plurality of OCV-SOC profiles, change the current OCV-SOC profile to the selected OCV-SOC profile, and control the charge or discharge of the battery using the changed OCV-SOC profile.

Abstract: A process apparatus includes a gas supplier which supplies a reaction gas having a constant concentration, and a processor which performs a predetermined process by the reaction gas supplied from the gas supplier, where the gas supplier includes a reactor which accommodates a solid phase reactant, a heater which applies heat to the solid phase reactant to convert the solid phase reactant to a reaction gas in a gas phase, a gas pump which applies a predetermined pumping pressure to the reactor, and a gas outlet which discharges the reaction gas to the processor.

Abstract: A process apparatus includes a gas supplier which supplies a reaction gas having a constant concentration, and a processor which performs a predetermined process by the reaction gas supplied from the gas supplier, where the gas supplier includes a reactor which accommodates a solid phase reactant, a heater which applies heat to the solid phase reactant to convert the solid phase reactant to a reaction gas in a gas phase, a gas pump which applies a predetermined pumping pressure to the reactor, and a gas outlet which discharges the reaction gas to the processor.

Abstract: An overlay mark forming a Moire pattern, an overlay measurement method using the overlay mark, an overlay measurement apparatus using the overlay mark, and a manufacturing method of a semiconductor device using the overlay mark are provided. The overlay mark for measuring an overlay based on an image is configured to determine a relative misalignment between at least two pattern layers. The overlay mark includes a first overlay mark including a pair of first grating patterns which has a first pitch along a first direction and which is rotationally symmetrical by 180 degrees, and includes a second overlay mark including a pair of second grating patterns and a pair of third grating patterns. The second grating patterns partially overlap the first grating patterns and are rotationally symmetrical by 180 degrees, and the third grating patterns partially overlap the first grating patterns and are rotationally symmetrical by 180 degrees.

Abstract: A filtering system includes: a catalyst filter including a filter frame including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a photocatalyst layer provided on the second surface of the filter frame; a light source unit configured to irradiate light for activating the photocatalyst layer; and a plurality of waveguides inserted into at least some of a plurality of channels, respectively, to increase light transmission into the at least some of the plurality of channels of the catalyst filter.

Abstract: A photocatalyst for air purification, a photocatalyst film including the photocatalyst, and an air purification device including the photocatalyst. The photocatalyst for air purification includes: a first metal oxide particle having ultraviolet absorptivity, and fluorine bound to a surface of the first metal oxide particle; second metal oxide particles present on the surface of the first metal oxide particle. The use of the photocatalyst for air purification to remove or degrade volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and viruses.

Abstract: A method implemented by one or more computing systems includes accessing a first data matrix including a plurality of row data and a plurality of column data. The method further includes providing, to a first generative adversarial network (GAN), a first data input including a plurality of row vectors corresponding to the plurality of row data, and providing, to a second GAN, a second data input including a plurality of column vectors corresponding to the plurality of column data. The method further includes generating, by simultaneous co-clustering the plurality of row vectors and the plurality of column vectors by the first GAN and the second GAN, a co-clustered correlation matrix based on the plurality of row vectors and the plurality of column vectors. The method further includes the co-clustered correlation matrix includes co-clustered associations between the plurality of row data and the plurality of column data.

Abstract: A composite catalyst filter includes a porous filter substrate, and particles of at least one type of catalyst on a surface of the porous filter substrate. The particles of the catalyst include particles of a photocatalyst, and particles of at least one type of adsorbent and oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: An outdoor air cleaning system includes a partition surrounding a purification space to isolate the purification space from an external space and having at least one opening connecting the purification space to the external space, an air purifying device configured to supply purified air to the purification space, and a controller configured to control the air purifying device. An openness level defined as an area ratio of the opening with respect to a surface area of the partition is about 10% or more and about 50% or less.

Abstract: A clock generation circuit includes a control clock generation circuit and first and second clock synchronization circuits. The control clock generation circuit compares a reference voltage with first and second feedback clock signals to generate first and second control clock signals. The first clock synchronization circuit makes the first and second feedback clock signals transit in synchronization with the first and second control clock signals. The second clock synchronization circuit generates first and second phase clock signals in synchronization with the first feedback clock signal and the second feedback clock signal.

Abstract: A filter and a filter system including the filter. The filter includes a porous filter frame having a first upstream-side surface, and a second downstream-side surface based on a thickness direction, the porous filter frame filtering particulate matter. A copper material layer is disposed on at least a portion of the first upstream-side surface of the filter frame.