Abstract: A charging control apparatus measures a first temperature of a first secondary battery selected from the plurality of secondary batteries, a second temperature of a coolant flowing into the cooling device, a charging current of the secondary battery pack, a first terminal voltage of the first secondary battery and a second terminal voltage of a second secondary battery closest to the cooling device, estimates a temperature of a temperature estimation point of the second secondary battery from a lumped thermal model having a thermal resistance between two points selected from the temperature estimation point of the second secondary battery, the first temperature measurement point and the second temperature measurement point, and measurement data about temperature, current and voltage, and determines the estimated temperature as a minimum temperature of the secondary battery pack, and varies a charging power provided to the secondary battery pack according to the minimum temperature.

Abstract: A negative voltage switching device includes a first switching circuit configured to transmit a first negative voltage, a second switching circuit configured to transmit a second negative voltage, and a switching selection circuit configured to select one of the first switching circuit or the second switching circuit for transmitting one of the first negative voltage and the second negative voltage to an output terminal.

Abstract: A connector protection device for a vehicle is configured to protect an electrical connector to prevent the connector from being chipped or damaged. The device protects the electrical connector by covering the same with a grommet. When the electrical connector is covered with the grommet by stretching a cutout in the grommet to the to match the size and width of the electrical connector, a supporting rib formed on the lower surface of an upper plate of the grommet is pressed upon being brought into contact with a grommet-side connector and, at the same time, the cutout is automatically closed.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for treatment or prevention of an inflammatory skin disease including atopic dermatitis and psoriasis contains 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A wireless power transmission apparatus includes resonators configured to transmit a power wirelessly to another resonator, and a controller configured to control a current magnitude and/or a voltage magnitude of a power to be provided to each of the resonators. The apparatus further includes a feeder configured to provide the power to each of the resonators.

Abstract: A method of providing an interactive keyboard and a system thereof are provided. The method of providing an interactive keyboard includes a step of causing a user to enter an input to a keyboard system; a step of determining whether the input entering the keyboard system corresponds to a preset action input; and a step of displaying, by the keyboard system, a visual content corresponding to the action input on a key interface, which includes a plurality of keys capable of being selected by the user, in a case where the input is determined as the action input.

Abstract: A semiconductor pattern detecting apparatus is provided.

Abstract: A wireless power transmitter for wirelessly transmitting power is provided. The wireless power transmitter includes four cells configured to wirelessly transmit power to a wireless power receiver; a power source configured to provide power to one of the four cells; and a connection unit configured to connect the four cells to each other, wherein the connection unit is further configured to connect the four cells in a cross configuration.

Abstract: A method of providing an interactive keyboard and a system thereof are provided. The method of providing an interactive keyboard includes a step of causing a user to enter an input to a keyboard system; a step of determining whether the input entering the keyboard system corresponds to a preset action input; and a step of displaying, by the keyboard system, a visual content corresponding to the action input on a key interface, which includes a plurality of keys capable of being selected by the user, in a case where the input is determined as the action input.

Abstract: A semiconductor pattern detecting apparatus is provided.

Abstract: A wireless power transmitter for wirelessly transmitting power is provided. The wireless power transmitter includes four cells configured to wirelessly transmit power to a wireless power receiver; a power source configured to provide power to one of the four cells; and a connection unit configured to connect the four cells to each other, wherein the connection unit is further configured to connect the four cells in a cross configuration.

Abstract: A stereoscopic flexible resonator is provided. The stereoscopic flexible stereoscopic resonator includes at least one cell, at least one resonator including a capacitor, and a connection unit configured to connect the cell and the resonator in a stereoscopic structure.

Abstract: A method for measuring a semiconductor device is provided. A method for measuring a semiconductor device includes defining an interest area and an acceptable area in a chip area on a wafer; performing a first measurement of the chip area with a spectral imaging device to acquire spectrum data of the chip area; assuming the distribution of the spectrum data of a first pixel in the acceptable area is a normal distribution; calculating a distance from a central point on the normal distribution to second pixels in the interest area; selecting a position of a second pixel having a distance from the central point on the normal distribution greater than a predetermined range, among the second pixels, as a candidate position; and performing a second measurement of the candidate position.

Abstract: A PERL solar cell and a method for preparing same. In forming a back contact electrode of the PERL solar cell comprising a BSF metal layer and a bus bar electrode, the PERL solar cell has the BSF metal layer provided on opening portions of a passivation layer and has a bus bar electrode formed on the passivation layer, thereby resolving all mechanical defects generated when forming the opening portions of the passivation layer, and enhancing the strength of the solar cell. The PERL solar cell of the present disclosure comprises: a solar cell substrate; a passivation layer provided on one side of the substrate and having a plurality of opening portions which expose the surface of the substrate; a bus bar electrode provided on the passivation layer and on an area not overlapping the area on which the opening portions are provided; and a BSF metal layer provided on the passivation layer so as to fill all the plurality of opening portions.

Abstract: A wireless power relay apparatus includes a relay resonator configured to relay power from a source resonator configured to wirelessly transmit the power, to a target resonator configured to wirelessly receive the power through a mutual resonance, the relay resonator having a higher quality factor than the source resonator and the target resonator.

Abstract: A wireless power transmission apparatus includes resonators configured to transmit a power wirelessly to another resonator, and a controller configured to control a current magnitude and/or a voltage magnitude of a power to be provided to each of the resonators. The apparatus further includes a feeder configured to provide the power to each of the resonators.

Abstract: A wireless power relay apparatus includes a relay resonator configured to relay power from a source resonator configured to wirelessly transmit the power, to a target resonator configured to wirelessly receive the power through a mutual resonance, the relay resonator having a higher quality factor than the source resonator and the target resonator.

Abstract: A wireless power transmission apparatus includes a source resonator configured to transmit an output power from which a harmonic component has been cancelled to a wireless power reception apparatus by resonating with a target resonator of the wireless power transmission apparatus, and a resonant power generator configured to differentially input a first input signal and a second input signal to the source resonator, and cancel the harmonic component of the output power.