Abstract: An electro-magnetic bandgap structure is disclosed. The electro-magnetic bandgap structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of conductive plates bridge-connected with one another on a same plane, whereas the each of the conductive plates includes an internal patch; a first ring patch be electrically separated from the internal patch and surrounding the internal patch; and a second ring patch surrounding the first ring patch and electrically connected with the first ring patch through a portion.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a non-shrinkage ceramic substrate, a ceramic laminated structure, which is formed of a plurality of laminated green sheets each having an interconnecting pattern and has an external electrode formed on at least one of a top and bottom thereof, is prepared. A metal layer is formed to cover at least a portion of the external electrode. A constraining green sheet is disposed on at least one of the top and bottom of the ceramic laminated structure to suppress a planar shrinkage of the green sheets. The ceramic laminated structure is fired at the firing temperature of the green sheets to oxidize the metal layer. The constraining green sheet and a metal oxide layer, which is formed by oxidizing the metal layer, are removed. Accordingly, an electrode post-firing process can be omitted and the adhering strength between the electrode and the ceramic laminated structure can be increased.

Abstract: A prediction encoding apparatus, a prediction encoding method, and a computer readable recording medium having embodied thereon a program for performing the prediction encoding method. The prediction encoding apparatus includes a prediction encoding unit which performs prediction encoding of an original block based on minimal operations obtained by removing repeated operations in a calculation of prediction pixels for each of nine intra 4×4 prediction modes for a luminance signal.

Abstract: Provided are an intra prediction method and apparatus. The intra prediction method includes: determining at least one sub-block on which intra prediction is to be performed, on the basis of intra prediction processing operation information on a macro block; and performing intra prediction on the determined at least one sub-block and updating the intra prediction processing operation information.

Abstract: A distributed shared memory multiprocessor system based on a unidirectional ring bus using a snooping scheme comprises a group of processor nodes and a ring bus. The processor nodes are arranged in the form of a ring and one of the processor nodes generates a request signal for a data block, the remaining processor nodes snoop their own internal parts, and one of the remaining processor nodes provides the data block. The ring bus is used for connecting the processor nodes in the form of the ring and providing a path through which the request signal is broadcast to each of the remaining processor nodes and the data block is unicast to the processor node which has generated the request signal for the data block.

Abstract: A combined golf bag and collapsible golf cart (10) comprising a golf bag assembly (12) for holding various golf clubs and supplies. A golf cart assembly (14) is permanently built into the golf bag assembly (12). A structure (16) is for moving the golf cart assembly (14) from a retracted position in which the golf cart assembly (14) nests against the golf bag assembly (12) to an extended position away from the golf bag assembly (12), so that the golf bag assembly (12) can be transported by the golf cart assembly (14) along the ground.