Abstract: A flexible circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a substrate; a first wiring pattern layer disposed on a first surface of the substrate; a second wiring pattern layer disposed on a second surface opposite the first surface of the substrate; a first dummy pattern part disposed on the second surface of the substrate on which the second wiring pattern layer is not disposed; a first protection layer disposed on the first wiring pattern layer; and a second protection layer disposed on the second wiring pattern layer and the first dummy pattern part, wherein at least a part of the first dummy pattern part overlaps with the first wiring pattern layer in a vertical direction.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a compound of following formula and an organic light emitting device and an organic light emitting display device including the compound. The compound of the present disclosure serves as a host or a dopant in an emitting material layer.

Abstract: A water injection unit includes an enclosure including, on at least one outer wall, a connection port connectable to a fire-fighting connection hose or a communication cable, a water tank connected to the connection port and located in the enclosure, a gas storage tank connected to the water tank to supply gas into the water tank, and a controller connected to the connection port and the gas storage tank, and configured to detect whether a fire occurs in the battery container, and allow gas in the gas storage tank to be sprayed into the water tank and allow fire extinguishing water in the water tank to be discharged due to gas pressure.

Abstract: A battery system includes a plurality of battery containers, each including a battery rack, a container housing accommodating the battery rack in an internal space, and a first power line configured to transmit charge power and discharge power, wherein the first power lines of the battery containers are connected to each other, and a control cabinet including a control module configured to control the plurality of battery containers, a cabinet housing accommodating the control module in an internal space, and a second power line configured to be connected to the first power line of one of the plurality of battery containers.

Abstract: An energy storage system includes a control container configured to be connected to an external power conversion system (PCS) and an external electrical system; and a battery container including at least one battery rack and configured to be connected to the control container.

Abstract: An energy storage system according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes a control container having a battery system controller (BSC), a master controller connected to the BSC through a first communication line, and a bank battery management system (BBMS) connected to the BSC through a second communication line; and a battery container including a slave controller connected to the master controller through the first communication line, and a rack battery management system (RBMS) connected to the BBMS through the second communication line and for monitoring a state of a corresponding battery rack.

Abstract: A flexible circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a substrate; a first wiring pattern layer disposed on a first surface of the substrate; a second wiring pattern layer disposed on a second surface opposite the first surface of the substrate; a first dummy pattern part disposed on the second surface of the substrate on which the second wiring pattern layer is not disposed; a first protection layer disposed on the first wiring pattern layer; and a second protection layer disposed on the second wiring pattern layer and the first dummy pattern part, wherein at least a part of the first dummy pattern part overlaps with the first wiring pattern layer in a vertical direction.

Abstract: A battery container has excellent workability, assembly, expandability, and safety. The battery container includes at least one battery rack including a plurality of battery modules; a container housing having an empty space formed therein to accommodate the battery rack; a plurality of main connectors located on at least one side of the container housing and configured to be electrically connected to the outside; and a main bus bar connected between the plurality of main connectors to transmit power.

Abstract: There is provided a multichip ray tracing device. The multichip ray tracing device includes a plurality of memory units; an acceleration structure division processing unit that divides an acceleration structure (AS) into a plurality of divided acceleration structures and stores each of the plurality of divided acceleration structures in a corresponding memory unit among the plurality of memory units; and a plurality of ray tracing core units connected to the plurality of memory units. Each of the plurality of ray tracing core units performs an internal ray tracing (Internal RT) operation for a corresponding divided acceleration structure and transmits corresponding ray information to a corresponding ray tracing core unit to perform an external ray tracing (External RT) operation when attempting to access a data node that is not in the corresponding divided acceleration structure in the process of the internal ray tracing operation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a buffering method in a portable ray tracing system. The buffering method includes: receiving a dynamic acceleration structure from the portable ray tracing apparatus during the process for performing a graphics process; packaging a dynamic object updated by the user terminal with the dynamic acceleration structure and sequentially storing the packaged dynamic object into a buffer area formed in a system memory of the user terminal; when disconnection of the physical connection is detected, performing ray tracing using a graphics processor of the user terminal by loading packaging data from the buffer area and determining a recovery point.

Abstract: Disclosed is a graphics processing apparatus based on hybrid GPU architecture. The graphics processing apparatus includes: an acceleration structure generation unit generating an acceleration structure based on geometry data related to a 3D scene; a ray tracing unit performing ray tracing based on the acceleration structure; and a rasterization unit including a sharing interface for shader-sharing with the ray tracing unit and performing rasterization rendering by sharing shading information generated from a result of the ray tracing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a portable ray tracing apparatus. The apparatus includes: a physical connection unit providing a physical connection to a connection port of a user terminal; a graphic data area detecting unit detecting a graphic data area which is allocated to a system memory of the user terminal if the physical connection is provided and which employs an acceleration structure for graphics processes agreed upon in advance; and a graphic processor operating unit synchronizing the graphic data area with an internal memory and operating a graphic processor of the user terminal. Therefore, the present invention performs ray tracing by being physically connected to a computing device and thereby shares graphics processing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a buffering method in a portable ray tracing system. The buffering method includes: receiving a dynamic acceleration structure from the portable ray tracing apparatus during the process for performing a graphics process; packaging a dynamic object updated by the user terminal with the dynamic acceleration structure and sequentially storing the packaged dynamic object into a buffer area formed in a system memory of the user terminal; when disconnection of the physical connection is detected, performing ray tracing using a graphics processor of the user terminal by loading packaging data from the buffer area and determining a recovery point.

Abstract: Disclosed is a graphics processing apparatus based on hybrid GPU architecture. The graphics processing apparatus includes: an acceleration structure generation unit generating an acceleration structure based on geometry data related to a 3D scene; a ray tracing unit performing ray tracing based on the acceleration structure; and a rasterization unit including a sharing interface for shader-sharing with the ray tracing unit and performing rasterization rendering by sharing shading information generated from a result of the ray tracing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a portable ray tracing apparatus. The apparatus includes: a physical connection unit providing a physical connection to a connection port of a user terminal; a graphic data area detecting unit detecting a graphic data area which is allocated to a system memory of the user terminal if the physical connection is provided and which employs an acceleration structure for graphics processes agreed upon in advance; and a graphic processor operating unit synchronizing the graphic data area with an internal memory and operating a graphic processor of the user terminal. Therefore, the present invention performs ray tracing by being physically connected to a computing device and thereby shares graphics processing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a ray tracing device using MIMD based T&I scheduling, including: a ray receiving unit receiving a ray generated with respect to a specific frame according to a frame progress order and storing the received ray in a ray buffer; a ray scheduling unit allocating a ray provided by the ray buffer to one of a plurality of T&I pipelines, each of which including an input and output buffers; a traversal/intersection test performing unit performing a traversal/intersection test on an allocated ray in a parallel fashion by using each of the plurality of T&I pipelines and determining a triangle intersecting the allocated ray; and a test result ordering unit receiving information about the triangle from the plurality of T&I pipelines as a test result, storing the received test result in a test buffer, and re-arranging the received test result according to a frame progress order.

Abstract: Data transmission apparatus and method thereof, and data reception apparatus and method thereof. Input data is encoded into a plurality of visual codes according to a visual code type. The visual code type includes a sequential type requiring sequential transmission and a nonsequential type not requiring sequential transmission. The sequential visual code includes start code, data code, and end code, and is displayed sequentially. The nonsequential visual code is displayed nonsequentially.

Abstract: A network based real-time virtual reality input/output system and method for a heterogeneous environment are provided. The virtual reality input/output system transfers data received from a plurality of virtual reality input device and a request from a plurality of virtual reality applications to at least one corresponding virtual reality data generator among a plurality of virtual reality data generators, and transfers virtual reality data, which is generated by processing data corresponding to the request among the received data by the at least one corresponding virtual reality data generator, to the virtual reality application which transmits the request.

Abstract: A ray tracing core comprises a ray tracing unit (RTU), a control unit, and a tree build unit (TBU). The tree build unit (TBU) builds one selected of a plurality of spatial expression data structures. The ray tracing unit (RTU) performs ray tracing based on the spatial expression data structure which is selected. The control unit selects one of a plurality of spatial expression data by calculating an execution complexity of the ray tracing unit and the tree build unit.

Abstract: A ray tracing core comprises a ray tracing unit (RTU), a control unit, and a tree build unit (TBU). The ray tracing unit performs ray tracing based on a spatial partitioning structure. The control unit calculates the degree of complexity of the spatial partitioning structure by monitoring the load state of the ray tracing unit. The tree build unit builds the spatial partitioning structure having the degree of complexity which is calculated. The load state is determined based on a frame rate which is processed in the pertinent unit. The spatial partitioning structure applies a K-dimensional tree. For example, the degree of complexity can be modified according to either the maximum primitive number of a leaf node with respect to a K-dimensional tree structure or a tree depth.