Abstract: A battery container has excellent workability, assembly, expandability, and safety. The battery container includes at least one battery rack including a plurality of battery modules; a container housing having an empty space formed therein to accommodate the battery rack; a plurality of main connectors located on at least one side of the container housing and configured to be electrically connected to the outside; and a main bus bar connected between the plurality of main connectors to transmit power.

Abstract: An energy storage system includes a control container configured to be connected to an external power conversion system (PCS) and an external electrical system; and a battery container including at least one battery rack and configured to be connected to the control container.

Abstract: A battery system includes a plurality of battery containers, each including a battery rack, a container housing accommodating the battery rack in an internal space, and a first power line configured to transmit charge power and discharge power, wherein the first power lines of the battery containers are connected to each other, and a control cabinet including a control module configured to control the plurality of battery containers, a cabinet housing accommodating the control module in an internal space, and a second power line configured to be connected to the first power line of one of the plurality of battery containers.

Abstract: Provided are a compound of Formula (1-10) capable of improving the light-emitting efficiency, stability, and lifespan of an organic electronic element, a composition comprising the same, an organic electronic element using the same, and an electronic device thereof.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes: a substrate including a cell area, a peripheral area, and a boundary area; a storage pad connected to an active area in the cell area; a capacitor including a lower electrode, a first electrode support layer supporting the lower electrode, a capacitor dielectric, and an upper electrode; a peripheral gate on the peripheral area of the substrate; first peripheral contact plugs on both sides of the peripheral gate and connected to the substrate; a first interlayer insulating layer on the storage pad and the first peripheral contact plugs; a second interlayer insulating layer on the first interlayer insulating layer; and a first insulating layer on the second interlayer insulating layer, wherein the first insulating layer extends on the boundary area of the substrate, and a height of the first insulating layer is equal to or less than a height of the first electrode support layer.

Abstract: A battery container has improved energy density and can be used in an energy storage system. The battery container includes a container body, a coupling unit configured to couple different container bodies, and a load support unit configured to support a vertical load of the container body.

Abstract: A flexible circuit board comprises a substrate on which a chip mounting area is defined, a circuit pattern disposed on the substrate, and a protective layer on the circuit pattern, and the circuit pattern includes a plurality of first circuit patterns, a plurality of second circuit patterns, and a plurality of dummy patterns, and the first circuit pattern includes a first pad part, a second pad part, and a first wiring part connected to the first pad part and the second pad part, and the second circuit pattern includes a third pad part, a fourth pad part, and a second wiring part connected to the third pad part and the fourth pad part, and a through hole is disposed in an inner region of the first circuit pattern.

Abstract: An energy storage system according to the present disclosure includes at least one battery rack including a plurality of stacked battery modules; a container accommodating the at least one battery rack, wherein the container includes a bottom plate in which the at least one battery rack is disposed; and a fire fighting water collection chamber disposed lower than the bottom plate and having at least one side in communication with the bottom plate to allow a fire fighting water dropped from the at least one battery rack to enter.

Abstract: A battery rack according to the present disclosure includes a plurality of battery modules; a rack case having receiving portions, each receiving portion configured to and receive one of the plurality of battery modules at each predetermined height, and each receiving portion having a structure in which upper and lower sides and left and right sides are closed and front and rear sides are open; a fire fighting water supply pipe connected to each of the battery modules disposed in the receiving portions which supplies a fire fighting water when a fire occurs; and a drain guide disposed on an outer surface of the rack case including at least one surface of a front outer surface or a rear outer surface of the rack case, the drain guide being configured to guide drainage of the fire fighting water.

Abstract: There is provided a multichip ray tracing device. The multichip ray tracing device includes a plurality of memory units; an acceleration structure division processing unit that divides an acceleration structure (AS) into a plurality of divided acceleration structures and stores each of the plurality of divided acceleration structures in a corresponding memory unit among the plurality of memory units; and a plurality of ray tracing core units connected to the plurality of memory units. Each of the plurality of ray tracing core units performs an internal ray tracing (Internal RT) operation for a corresponding divided acceleration structure and transmits corresponding ray information to a corresponding ray tracing core unit to perform an external ray tracing (External RT) operation when attempting to access a data node that is not in the corresponding divided acceleration structure in the process of the internal ray tracing operation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a buffering method in a portable ray tracing system. The buffering method includes: receiving a dynamic acceleration structure from the portable ray tracing apparatus during the process for performing a graphics process; packaging a dynamic object updated by the user terminal with the dynamic acceleration structure and sequentially storing the packaged dynamic object into a buffer area formed in a system memory of the user terminal; when disconnection of the physical connection is detected, performing ray tracing using a graphics processor of the user terminal by loading packaging data from the buffer area and determining a recovery point.

Abstract: Disclosed is a portable ray tracing apparatus. The apparatus includes: a physical connection unit providing a physical connection to a connection port of a user terminal; a graphic data area detecting unit detecting a graphic data area which is allocated to a system memory of the user terminal if the physical connection is provided and which employs an acceleration structure for graphics processes agreed upon in advance; and a graphic processor operating unit synchronizing the graphic data area with an internal memory and operating a graphic processor of the user terminal. Therefore, the present invention performs ray tracing by being physically connected to a computing device and thereby shares graphics processing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a graphics processing apparatus based on hybrid GPU architecture. The graphics processing apparatus includes: an acceleration structure generation unit generating an acceleration structure based on geometry data related to a 3D scene; a ray tracing unit performing ray tracing based on the acceleration structure; and a rasterization unit including a sharing interface for shader-sharing with the ray tracing unit and performing rasterization rendering by sharing shading information generated from a result of the ray tracing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a portable ray tracing apparatus. The apparatus includes: a physical connection unit providing a physical connection to a connection port of a user terminal; a graphic data area detecting unit detecting a graphic data area which is allocated to a system memory of the user terminal if the physical connection is provided and which employs an acceleration structure for graphics processes agreed upon in advance; and a graphic processor operating unit synchronizing the graphic data area with an internal memory and operating a graphic processor of the user terminal. Therefore, the present invention performs ray tracing by being physically connected to a computing device and thereby shares graphics processing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a graphics processing apparatus based on hybrid GPU architecture. The graphics processing apparatus includes: an acceleration structure generation unit generating an acceleration structure based on geometry data related to a 3D scene; a ray tracing unit performing ray tracing based on the acceleration structure; and a rasterization unit including a sharing interface for shader-sharing with the ray tracing unit and performing rasterization rendering by sharing shading information generated from a result of the ray tracing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a buffering method in a portable ray tracing system. The buffering method includes: receiving a dynamic acceleration structure from the portable ray tracing apparatus during the process for performing a graphics process; packaging a dynamic object updated by the user terminal with the dynamic acceleration structure and sequentially storing the packaged dynamic object into a buffer area formed in a system memory of the user terminal; when disconnection of the physical connection is detected, performing ray tracing using a graphics processor of the user terminal by loading packaging data from the buffer area and determining a recovery point.

Abstract: Disclosed is a ray tracing device using MIMD based T&I scheduling, including: a ray receiving unit receiving a ray generated with respect to a specific frame according to a frame progress order and storing the received ray in a ray buffer; a ray scheduling unit allocating a ray provided by the ray buffer to one of a plurality of T&I pipelines, each of which including an input and output buffers; a traversal/intersection test performing unit performing a traversal/intersection test on an allocated ray in a parallel fashion by using each of the plurality of T&I pipelines and determining a triangle intersecting the allocated ray; and a test result ordering unit receiving information about the triangle from the plurality of T&I pipelines as a test result, storing the received test result in a test buffer, and re-arranging the received test result according to a frame progress order.

Abstract: Data transmission apparatus and method thereof, and data reception apparatus and method thereof. Input data is encoded into a plurality of visual codes according to a visual code type. The visual code type includes a sequential type requiring sequential transmission and a nonsequential type not requiring sequential transmission. The sequential visual code includes start code, data code, and end code, and is displayed sequentially. The nonsequential visual code is displayed nonsequentially.

Abstract: A network based real-time virtual reality input/output system and method for a heterogeneous environment are provided. The virtual reality input/output system transfers data received from a plurality of virtual reality input device and a request from a plurality of virtual reality applications to at least one corresponding virtual reality data generator among a plurality of virtual reality data generators, and transfers virtual reality data, which is generated by processing data corresponding to the request among the received data by the at least one corresponding virtual reality data generator, to the virtual reality application which transmits the request.

Abstract: A ray tracing core comprises a ray tracing unit (RTU), a control unit, and a tree build unit (TBU). The tree build unit (TBU) builds one selected of a plurality of spatial expression data structures. The ray tracing unit (RTU) performs ray tracing based on the spatial expression data structure which is selected. The control unit selects one of a plurality of spatial expression data by calculating an execution complexity of the ray tracing unit and the tree build unit.