Abstract: A cathode for a lithium secondary battery includes a cathode current collector, a first cathode active material layer formed on the cathode current collector and including a first cathode active material and a first cathode conductive material, and a second cathode active material layer formed on the first cathode active material layer and including a second cathode active material that has an average particle diameter larger than that of the first cathode active material, and a second cathode conductive material. A content of the first cathode conductive material based on a total weight of the first cathode active material layer is greater than a content of the second cathode conductive material based on a total weight of the second cathode active material layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of operating a bill transport path switching device in an automated teller machine (ATM), which increases the transfer speed of bills by narrowing a transfer interval between the bills and improves efficiency of a bill deposit and counting process, in a way to accurately calculate timing at which each bill enters the bill transport path switching device so that the bills are transferred without an error regardless of whether a transparent part is included in the bill even in a situation in which paper bills and polymer bills are transferred together, by controlling switching timing of the bill transport path switching device that is provided in the transport path of bills within an ATM for handling polymer bills based on a sensor signal of a bill detection sensor that is provided in a discrimination part of the ATM.

Abstract: A photocharge storage element includes a gate insulator formed on a gate electrode, a channel formed on the gate insulator between a source electrode and a drain electrode, and an organic photoelectric conversion element formed on the channel. The organic photoelectric conversion element generates photocharges in response to light. The channel accumulates the photocharges generated by the organic photoelectric conversion element. The photocharges accumulated in the channel are read out from the channel in response to a voltage between the source electrode and the drain electrode.