Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for providing an instant messaging service associated with one or more item transactions. A first user interface screen associated with an item transaction may be provided in a chatroom interface of an executed messenger application. The first user interface screen may comprise an interfacing object associated with a list of user interface templates. Based on a user selection of the interface object and based at least one exposure condition associated with the list of user interface templates, at least one user interface template may be selected from the list of user interface templates for display in a second user interface screen of the executed messenger application. In a second user interface screen of the executed messenger application, a first user interface template of the at least one user interface template may be displayed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device manufacturing method includes providing a first layer having a first surface, providing a second layer including a trench that exposes the first surface, onto the first layer, forming a first polymer layer that fills the trench, and performing a heat treatment process on the first polymer layer to form a second polymer layer. A second surface of the second layer is exposed by the trench, the first polymer layer includes a first portion being in contact with the first surface, and a second portion being in contact with the second surface, when the heat treatment process is performed, the first portion of the first polymer layer is decomposed, when the heat treatment process is performed, the second portion of the first polymer layer is cross-linked to form the second polymer layer, and physical properties of the first layer are different from physical properties of the second layer.

Abstract: A photoresist composition includes an organometallic compound including at least one metal-ligand bond, the organometallic compound including a metal core and at least one organic ligand bonded to the metal core, and being configured such that the at least one metal-ligand bond is not breakable by exposure to light or moisture; a photoinitiator generating an acid or a radical in response to exposure to light; and a solvent.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device using selective vapor deposition and selective desorption. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes providing a first layer having a first surface, and forming a second layer on the first layer such that a portion of the first surface is not covered by the second layer. The second layer has a second surface that meets the first surface. An inhibitor layer is formed on the first surface and the second surface, and the inhibitor layer on the second surface is selectively removed to expose the second surface. An interest layer is formed on the second surface. Physical properties of the first layer are different from physical properties of the second layer.

Abstract: A photo-decomposable compound, a photoresist composition including the photo-decomposable compound, and a method of manufacturing an integrated circuit (IC) device using the photoresist composition, the photo-decomposable compound including a phenyl sulfonium cation component; and an anion component, wherein the phenyl sulfonium cation component has a protecting group, which is decomposable by an action of acid to generate an alkali-soluble group in response to exposure, the anion component generates acid in response to exposure, the protecting group is represented by *—C(?O)OR, in which R is a substituted or unsubstituted t-butyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C30 alicyclic group, and * is a bonding site, and the protecting group is bonded to a phenyl group of the phenyl sulfonium cation component through an ether linking group.

Abstract: An additive for a photoresist, a photoresist composition for a EUV including the same, and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device using the same, the additive including a copolymer that includes a first repeating unit represented by the following Chemical Formula 1-1, and a second repeating unit represented by the following Chemical Formula 2, wherein a molar ratio of the first repeating unit to the second repeating unit is 7:3 to 2:8,

Abstract: A compound, a photoresist composition including the compound, and a method of manufacturing an integrated circuit device by using the photoresist composition, the compound being represented by Chemical Formula 1:

Abstract: A method for forming photoresist patterns and a semiconductor device on which a photoresist pattern manufactured according to the method is formed are disclosed. The method includes forming a preliminary photoresist pattern on a substrate; coating an organic topcoat composition including an acrylic polymer, the acrylic polymer including a structural unit containing a hydroxy group and a fluorine, and an acid compound on the preliminary photoresist pattern; drying and heating the substrate on which the organic topcoat composition is coated to coat it with a topcoat; and spraying a rinse solution including an acetate-based compound on the substrate coated with the topcoat to remove the topcoat.

Abstract: A resist topcoat composition and a method of forming patterns using the resist topcoat composition are provided. The resist topcoat resist topcoat composition includes an acrylic polymer including a structural unit containing a hydroxy group and a fluorine; at least one acid compound selected from a sulfonic acid compound containing at least one fluorine, a sulfonimide compound containing at least one fluorine, and a carboxylic acid compound containing at least one fluorine; and a solvent.

Abstract: A resist topcoat composition includes an acrylic polymer including a structural unit containing a hydroxy group and a fluorine; a mixture including a sulfonic acid compound containing at least one fluorine and a carboxylic acid compound containing at least one fluorine in a weight ratio of about 1:0.1 to about 1:50; and a solvent. A method of forming patterns uses the resist topcoat composition to form a topcoat over a patterned substrate.

Abstract: A resist topcoat composition and a method of forming patterns utilizing the resist topcoat composition are disclosed. The resist topcoat composition includes an acrylic polymer comprising a structural unit comprising a hydroxy group and a fluorine; a mixture comprising a first acid compound comprising at least one fluorine; and a second acid compound different from the first acid compound and comprising at least one fluorine, the first acid compound and the second acid compound are each independently selected from a sulfonic acid compound and a sulfonimide compound, the first acid compound and the second acid compound being in a weight ratio of about 1:0.1 to about 1:50; and a solvent.

Abstract: A resist topcoat composition and a method of forming patterns using the resist topcoat composition.

Abstract: A method of forming a photoresist pattern and a semiconductor device on which a photoresist pattern manufactured according to the same is formed. The method includes forming a photoresist pattern on a substrate; coating an organic topcoat composition including an acrylic polymer including a structural unit containing a hydroxy group and a fluorine and an acidic compound on the photoresist pattern; drying and heating the substrate on which the organic topcoat composition is coated to coat it with a topcoat; and spraying a rinse solution including an ether-based compound on the substrate coated with the topcoat to remove the topcoat.

Abstract: Photoresist compositions may include a metal structure, a radical quencher including a phenolic compound, a photobase generator, and a solvent. To manufacture an integrated circuit (IC) device, a photoresist film is formed on a lower film using the photoresist composition. A first area, which is a portion of the photoresist film, is exposed to form a metal network from the metal structure in the first area of the photoresist film, a base is generated from the photobase generator in the first area of the photoresist film, and the radical quencher is deactivated using the base in the first area of the photoresist film. The photoresist film is developed to form a photoresist pattern including the first area. The lower film is processed using the photoresist pattern.

Abstract: An electronic device according to various embodiments may include a first connector including at least one first pin and at least one second pin configured to be connected to an external electronic device; a second connector comprising at least one third pin and at least one fourth pin configured to be connected to a power supply; a switching circuit; and a processor electrically connected to the first connector, the second connector, and the switching circuit, wherein the processor is configured to determine a connection with the external electronic device or a connection with the power supply, and the processor is set to cause, when connected to the external electronic device via the first connector and connected to the power supply via the second connector, power received from the power supply via the at least one third pin to be supplied to the at least one first pin using the switching circuit.

Abstract: In a watermark embedding method and apparatus, a layered three-dimensional model is aligned in a printing direction based on a layering direction of the layered three-dimensional model. Then, a watermark having a predetermined pattern is embedded into the aligned three-dimensional model in a direction orthogonal to the printing direction so that the embedded watermark is not associated with the printing direction.

Abstract: A monomer for a hardmask composition is represented by the following Chemical Formula 1,

Abstract: A monomer, an organic layer composition including the monomer, an organic layer, and a method of forming patterns, the monomer being represented by Chemical Formula 1:

Abstract: A polymer including a moiety represented by Chemical Formula 1, an organic layer composition including the polymer, an organic layer manufactured from the organic layer composition, and a method of forming patterns using the organic layer composition are provided. The definitions of the Chemical Formula 1 are the same as defined in the detailed description.

Abstract: A method of producing a layer structure includes forming a first organic layer by applying a first composition including an organic compound on a substrate having a plurality of patterns, applying a solvent on the first organic layer to remove a part of the first organic layer, and applying a second composition including an organic compound on a remaining part of the first organic layer and forming a second organic layer through a curing process.