Abstract: An insulated mug includes a tubular coupler, an outer container shell, an inner container shell, a buffering member, a first annular gasket, a lid, and a second annular gasket. The upper and lower external threads of the tubular coupler are respectively engaged with the internal threads of the lid and the internal threads of the outer container shell. An insulating space is defined between the outer container shell and the inner container shell to reduce thermal conduction between the two shells. The inner container shell is snugly sandwiched between the first annular gasket and the buffering member to protect it against shock or vibration. The lid, fitted with the second annular gasket, is in sealing engagement with the tubular coupler to prevent a beverage contained in the inner container shell from spilling.

Abstract: A file management method of a ring buffer includes translating actual positions of an actual file stored in the ring buffer into virtual positions of a virtual file according to a specific mapping manner, searching the actual positions in the actual file according to the virtual positions, and accessing data at the actual positions of the actual file stored in the ring buffer.

Abstract: A file management method of a ring buffer includes translating actual positions of an actual file stored in the ring buffer into virtual positions of a virtual file according to a specific mapping manner, searching the actual positions in the actual file according to the virtual positions, and accessing data at the actual positions of the actual file stored in the ring buffer.

Abstract: A hair clip which includes a clip base and a clamping leaf with a finger strip at one end, wherein the clamping leaf has two hollow cylindrical coupling portions at two opposite ends, each hollow cylindrical coupling portion having a longitudinal mouth and projection at one side of the mouth; the clip base has two transverse coupling rods at two opposite ends respectively forced into the mouth of the clamping leaf, each transverse coupling rod having a coupling groove for engagement with the projection of the respective hollow cylindrical coupling portion.