Abstract: An RF signal to be carried by an optical link is modulated onto two optical beams. The modulators are tuned differently so that the distortion products carried on one beam are relatively larger compared to the fundamental compared with other beam. One of the beams is optically upconverted by the appropriate Brillouin shift frequency and the two beams counter-propagated through an optical waveguide in order to create a Brillouin grating. The grating acts to separate the distortion products from the fundamental so as to provide at an output of the link a signal in which the distortion products are insignificant is not absent.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for monitoring network links are disclosed. In one implementation, a client device composes a plurality of data packets and transmits the data packets via a network to a server via two or more ports of the client device. The data packets are transmitted via multiple paths across the network. After transmitting the data packets to the server, the client device composes and transmits a control packet to the server, where the control packet indicates a total number of the data packets that have been transmitted by the client device to the server.

Abstract: A system and method of down converting microwave (RF) signals into lower frequencies are disclosed, such that associated electronics can more precisely analyse the signals. Exemplary embodiment, can be applied to multiple RF bands by using several optical wavelengths.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for monitoring network links are disclosed. In one implementation, a client device composes a plurality of data packets and transmits the data packets via a network to a server via two or more ports of the client device. The data packets are transmitted via multiple paths across the network. After transmitting the data packets to the server, the client device composes and transmits a control packet to the server, where the control packet indicates a total number of the data packets that have been transmitted by the client device to the server.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for managing network traffic routing. The system receives a request by a user and determines a location of the user. The system determines, based on a configuration of rules, an application pool is in a first zone that includes the location of the user. Further, in response to the determining the application pool is in the first zone, the system routes the request to the application pool and parses the request to determine a context of the request. The system determines, based on the context parsed from the request, an application server in the application pool to service the request based on the context. Finally, in response to determining the application server based on the context, the system routes the request to the application server.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing network traffic routing are described. The system receives network traffic from external-facing load balancers at a gateway of a distributed network application. The network traffic includes one or more data requests. The system inspects a data request of the one or more data requests to determine a context of the data request. The system routes the network traffic from the external-facing load balancers to the gateway based on a geographic location of an origin of the network traffic. Finally, the system routes, based on the context of the data request corresponding to data stored at a database, the data request from the gateway to a first internal-facing load balancer of a plurality of internal-facing load balancers associated with a first application server of a plurality of application servers having a closest geographic proximity to the database.

Abstract: A system and method of down converting microwave (RF) signals into lower frequencies are disclosed, such that associated electronics can more precisely analyse the signals. Exemplary embodiment, can be applied to multiple RF bands by using several optical wavelengths.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing network traffic routing are described. The system receives network traffic from external-facing load balancers at a gateway of a distributed network application. The network traffic includes one or more data requests. The system inspects a data request of the one or more data requests to determine a context of the data request. The system routes the network traffic from the external-facing load balancers to the gateway based on a geographic location of an origin of the network traffic. Finally, the system routes, based on the context of the data request corresponding to data stored at a database, the data request from the gateway to a first internal-facing load balancer of a plurality of internal-facing load balancers associated with a first application server of a plurality of application servers having a closest geographic proximity to the database.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting fraud when facilitating a payment transaction over a global wide area network. The method comprises receiving a sale information, receiving a payment information from a buyer, and analyzing a transaction information for fraud. If the analyzing indicates fraud, an enhanced transaction information is communicated to a human for fraud analysis. In one embodiment, the method comprises performing rule-based analyses to determine whether the transaction appears to be fraudulent. Rule-based analyses may include suspect data rules and velocity rules. Velocity rules generally determine whether there has been excessive activity that may lead to a conclusion that the transaction may be fraudulent. Suspect data rules are used to determine whether the billing, shipping, selling addresses, telephone numbers, and account numbers, and other data are in a syntactically correct format and whether they exist.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for monitoring network links are disclosed. In one implementation, a client device composes a plurality of data packets and transmits the data packets via a network to a server via two or more ports of the client device. The data packets are transmitted via multiple paths across the network. After transmitting the data packets to the server, the client device composes and transmits a control packet to the server, where the control packet indicates a total number of the data packets that have been transmitted by the client device to the server.

Abstract: A method and system receives at a server a search request and processes the search request to determine a context of the search request, then determines, based on the context, a network route to an application server having the closest geographic proximity, with respect to the server, to the most relevant database associated with the context.

Abstract: In one embodiment, in a hierarchy of nodes, a master node having two or more child nodes obtains from the two or more child nodes two or more sets of data samples or summaries associated therewith, the two or more sets of data samples being representative of traffic processed via two or more sets of servers corresponding to the two or more child nodes, wherein a size of each of the two or more sets of data samples is proportional to an allocation of traffic among the two or more sets of servers corresponding to the two or more child nodes. Each of the two or more sets of data samples is obtained from a different one of the two or more child nodes and represents traffic processed by a corresponding one of the two or more sets of servers. The master node combines the two or more sets of data samples or summaries associated therewith such that a combined set of data is generated. The master node ascertains a numerical value from the combined set of data.

Abstract: In one embodiment, in a hierarchy of nodes, a master node having two or more child nodes obtains from the two or more child nodes two or more sets of data samples or summaries associated therewith, the two or more sets of data samples being representative of traffic processed via two or more sets of servers corresponding to the two or more child nodes, wherein a size of each of the two or more sets of data samples is proportional to an allocation of traffic among the two or more sets of servers corresponding to the two or more child nodes. Each of the two or more sets of data samples is obtained from a different one of the two or more child nodes and represents traffic processed by a corresponding one of the two or more sets of servers. The master node combines the two or more sets of data samples or summaries associated therewith such that a combined set of data is generated. The master node ascertains a numerical value from the combined set of data.

Abstract: An online payment service receives from a consumer the identity of a first account for making a payment for a transaction. The payment service accepts the first account for making the payment. The payment is permitted to be made from a second account maintained for the consumer by the online payment service, where the payment may include coupons. The second account may be internal to the online payment system, and the first account may be external to the online payment service. A third party may participate in the transaction.

Abstract: A system receives a request for value from a user. The risk involved in providing the value to the user is evaluated using information accessible to the transaction system, the information includes contact information associated with the user. The request is selectively approved based on evaluating the risk involved and value is distributed to the user via a network. The contact information may comprise address information associated with the user, such as a residential street address of the user, a city of residence of the user, a state of residence of the user, a zip code of residence of the user, a telephone number associated with the user, and checking account information.

Abstract: An online payment service receives from a consumer the identity of a first account for making a payment for a transaction. The payment service accepts the first account for making the payment. The payment is permitted to be made from a second account maintained for the consumer by the online payment service. The second account may be internal to the online payment system, and the first account may be external to the online payment service. A third party may participate in the transaction.

Abstract: A method and system for transferring value to a user of a transaction system including receiving from the user a request for value, evaluating the risk involved in providing the value by evaluating information accessible to the transaction system, selectively approving the request for value based on evaluating the risk involved, and distributing the value to the user. The information that is accessible to the transaction system may be stored at the transaction system or separated from the transaction system. The value may include funds, a line of credit, coupons, or gift certificates, and may be distributed over a period of time. The user may be a buyer or a seller.

Abstract: A method and system for transferring value to a user of a transaction system including receiving from the user a request for value, evaluating the risk involved in providing the value by evaluating information accessible to the transaction system, selectively approving the request for value based on evaluating the risk involved, and distributing the value to the user. The information that is accessible to the transaction system may be stored at the transaction system or separated from the transaction system. The value may include funds, a line of credit, coupons, or gift certificates, and may be distributed over a period of time. The user may be a buyer or a seller.

Abstract: A method and system for transferring value to a user of a transaction system including receiving from the user a request for value, evaluating the risk involved in providing the value by evaluating information accessible to the transaction system, selectively approving the request for value based on evaluating the risk involved, and distributing the value to the user. The information that is accessible to the transaction system may be stored at the transaction system or separated from the transaction system. The value may include funds, a line of credit, coupons, or gift certificates, and may be distributed over a period of time. The user may be a buyer or a seller.

Abstract: Techniques are presented for detecting fraud while facilitating an online transaction. Sale information from a seller and payment information from a buyer are received and analyzed for fraud. If no fraud is detected, the transaction proceeds and payment from the buyer is facilitated. If fraud is detected, the transaction is terminated and a fraud investigator is notified.