Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods for producing and delivering vapour medicament. An exemplary apparatus disclosed comprises: a gas inlet for receiving a gas from a source of pressurized gas; a chamber for receiving a liquid medicament therein, the chamber being in communication with the gas inlet for permitting entrance and expansion of the gas in the chamber in the presence of the liquid medicament to produce the vapour medicament; and a vapour outlet in communication with the chamber for delivering the vapour medicament.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition containing a prostaglandin and an alkanoic acid ester of a polyethoxylated sorbitol in an amount effective to enhance the chemical stability of the prostaglandin, and the use thereof for treating ophthalmic conditions. Also disclosed are methods for enhancing the chemical stability of a prostaglandin-containing composition by using an alkanoic acid ester of a polyethoxylated sorbitol.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition containing a prostaglandin and an alkanoic acid ester of a polyethoxylated sorbitol in an amount effective to enhance the chemical stability of the prostaglandin, and the use thereof for treating ophthalmic conditions. Also disclosed are methods for enhancing the chemical stability of a prostaglandin-containing composition by using an alkanoic acid ester of a polyethoxylated sorbitol.

Abstract: A method of sterilizing a pharmaceutical composition containing a suspension of a pharmaceutical comprises rapidly heating the pharmaceutical composition from ambient temperature to an elevated temperature, maintaining it at or above the elevated temperature for a period of time, and rapidly cooling the pharmaceutical composition to ambient temperature.

Abstract: A method of sterilizing a pharmaceutical composition containing a suspension of a pharmaceutical comprises rapidly heating the pharmaceutical composition from ambient temperature to an elevated temperature, maintaining it at or above the elevated temperature for a period of time, and rapidly cooling the pharmaceutical composition to ambient temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transfer adaptor for use with a vial containing ingredients to be reconstituted, an ampoule containing a reconstituting fluid and a syringe, the adaptor being made preferably of plastic, thereby cutting down on the wasteful use of many needles and reducing the problem of sharps.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bottle caps for use with blow-fill-seal type bottles having an upwardly removable seal, the caps having inwardly projecting members, at least one of which is equipped with a blade and preferably an upstanding wall to engage the seal of the bottle, the wall being preferably recurved away from the seal, such caps allowing thicker frangible membranes to be used in the manufacture of the bottles so that there is less wastage, the caps also permitting easier end-use and a higher success ratio for seal-removal.

Abstract: A bottle cap for use with moulded plastics bottles which have an integral flanged seal over the aperture of a threaded neck, a frangible membrane joining the seal to the neck, the cap having a complementary screw-thread to that of the neck and at least two inwardly projecting resilient members located above the screw-thread such that, when the cap is screwed onto the bottle, the members pass around the seal with resilient deformation and, on unscrewing of the cap, engage the flanged seal in a lifting action, is characterized in that at least one, preferably 2, and ideally 6, of the inwardly projecting members comprises an upwardly directed blade, adapted to engage an underface of the seal so as to cut the seal, allowing its easier removal, a wall being preferably provided on the blade to reinforce the blade by acting against a side of the seal.

Abstract: The present invention provides plastics ampoules made by the blow-fill-seal method which substantially overcome the problem of touch contamination of the neck of the ampoule by providing a funnel leading to the neck, this funnel also assisting docking of the head of a syringe.