Abstract: A tattoo device is provided comprising a housing having a first oscillator which is coupled, in use, to a needle assembly having a sharps end. The first oscillator is arranged and adapted to induce vibrations at a frequency from 1-1000 Hz substantially longitudinally along an axis of the needle assembly in order to cause, in use, the sharps end to penetrate skin. The tattoo device further comprises a second oscillator which is also coupled, in use, to the needle assembly, wherein the second oscillator is arranged and adapted simultaneously to induce vibrations at a higher frequency than the first oscillator and in particular at a frequency from 5-200 kHz in order to lower the insertion force required to penetrate skin layers.

Abstract: A tattoo device is provided comprising a housing having a first oscillator which is coupled, in use, to a needle assembly having a sharps end. The first oscillator is arranged and adapted to induce vibrations at a frequency from 1-1000 Hz substantially longitudinally along an axis of the needle assembly in order to cause, in use, the sharps end to penetrate skin. The tattoo device further comprises a second oscillator which is also coupled, in use, to the needle assembly, wherein the second oscillator is arranged and adapted simultaneously to induce vibrations at a higher frequency than the first oscillator and in particular at a frequency from 5-200 kHz in order to lower the insertion force required to penetrate skin layers.

Abstract: Intervertebral fusion implant cages and related methods are described herein. The cages may be used to assist with fusing together adjacent vertebrae when a displaced or damaged spinal disc is surgically removed. The cages include windows that allow the bone graft to grow from one vertebra through the cage and into the adjacent vertebra (e.g., cervical vertebrae). The cages include a number of features which enhance its performance during use.