Abstract: A medical devices en-vivo positional determination system and method of surgery using a registration system to create a 3D frame of reference from 2D images and in which the user uses his or her judgement to select points of interest within the 3D frame of reference more accurate hand-held drilling or cutting, using forward kinematic equations calculated on a microcomputer to provide a real-time display of the 3-linear position and 2-angular orientation of a hand-held medical instrument which is linked by a draw wire or a virtual draw wire to a gimbal so as to measure the angle and distance of the instrument from a fixed point.

Abstract: There is disclosed devices and methods for providing continuous bone compression for bone healing which includes a bone plate that is secured to bone segments to be fused by a first cannulated bone screw and a second cannulated bone screw. A first elastic loop is fixed to the first and second bone screw in a first plane and a second elastic element is fixed to the first and second bone screws in one or more second planes.

Abstract: There is disclosed devices and methods for providing continuous bone compression for bone healing. The devices can include both intermedullary and exoskeletal devices. The devices are “tunable”, or specific to, the quality of the bone.