Abstract: According to various aspects of this disclosure, there is provided a method of backpressure testing manufactured parts, the method comprising: obtaining one or more reference parts and determining a reference backpressure measurement for each reference part indicative of the backpressure of that reference part when or if tested on a reference testing unit; calibrating one or more testing positions of a backpressure testing unit using the one or more reference parts; setting an upper backpressure limit and a lower backpressure limit for each of the one or more testing positions; and thereafter using the one or more testing positions to assess the backpressure of one or more manufactured parts.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method for wireless charging and contactless payment for smart devices, comprising at least one wireless charging and contactless payment apparatus comprising: a landing pad, arranged to provide wireless power transmission charging to a compatible smart device placed on the pad; an input ethernet port, wherein the charging power available at the pad is power over the ethernet received via the ethernet port; and wherein the apparatus is arranged to receive TCP/IP data via the ethernet port; wireless data transmission-receiving means suitable for contactless payment; and at least one network switch connectable to the internet and connectable to the at least one apparatus via an ethernet cable, which at least one network switch is arranged to handle power and data distribution received at the at least one apparatus; and a control server with a user interface arranged to be connectable and control the power and data distribution of the network switches and apparatuses, wherein the server

Abstract: An apparatus for charging a personal mobile device, comprising an enclosure, one or more photovoltaics on at least one outer side of the enclosure, one or more heat exchangers on at least one outer side of the enclosure, an opening in at least one side of the enclosure, leading to a recess within the enclosure for stowing a personal mobile device and one or more electrical power outputs within the enclosure arranged to provide electrical power charge to the personal mobile device. The photovoltaics provide the electrical power to the electrical power outputs, and the enclosure is arranged to protect the personal mobile device from direct exposure to the weather elements during the time it is stowed or is being charged.

Abstract: The invention relates to organic semiconductive polymers comprising a new backbone system, monomers for the preparation of such polymers, methods for the preparation of such polymers and the use of such polymers in organic optoelectronic devices.

Abstract: A curable resin with at least one electrically conductive metal region on its surface formed by depositing on the surface a composition comprising activator, contacting the activator with a solution of a reducing agent and a solution of a metal ion, the reducing agent and metal ion undergoing chemical reaction activated by the activator to form an electrically conductive metal region on the surface, and method of forming is provided.

Abstract: An oligomer or polymer comprising a first repeat unit and a second repeat unit that may be the same or different, the first repeat unit having formula (I): wherein each E independently represents optionally substituted nitrogen or optionally substituted phosphorus, with the proviso that at least one E is optionally substituted phosphorus; each Ar1, Ar2 and Ar3 is the same or different and independently represents an optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl; n is 0-3; and in the case of unsubstituted nitrogen and phosphorus, the second repeat unit is directly conjugated to the first repeat unit.

Abstract: A curable resin with at least one electrically conductive metal region on its surface formed by depositing on the surface a composition comprising activator, contacting the activator with a solution of a reducing agent and a solution of a metal ion, the reducing agent and metal ion undergoing chemical reaction activated by the activator to form an electrically conductive metal region on the surface, and method of forming is provided.

Abstract: An oligomer or polymer comprising a first repeat unit and a second repeat unit that may be the same or different, the first repeat unit having formula (I): wherein each E independently represents optionally substituted nitrogen or optionally substituted phosphorus, with the proviso that at least one E is optionally substituted phosphorus; each Ar1, Ar2 and Ar3 is the same or different and independently represents an optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl; n is 0-3; and in the case of unsubstituted nitrogen and phosphorus, the second repeat unit is directly conjugated to the first repeat unit.

Abstract: Polymers for use in organic electroluminescent devices The invention relates to organic semiconductive polymers comprising a new backbone system, monomers for the preparation of such polymers, methods for the preparation of such polymers and the use of such polymers in organic optoelectronic devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to optical devices comprising a substrate and at least one semiconductive polymer supported by said substrate, wherein said semiconductive polymer is a copolymer in which one of the repeat units is a group of formula (I) or a homopolymer in which the repeat unit is a group of formula (I): wherein: A and B are the same or different and each comprises wholly or partially an aryl moiety or a heteroaryl moiety, said moiety in A being fused to the bond a-b and said moiety in B being fused to the bond c-d, and X is a linking unit, X being such that there is a torsion angle of at least 5° between the bond a-b and the bond c-d about the bond b-d. The invention also relates to semiconductive polymers, monomers for preparing same, and methods for preparing random statistical conjugated polymers.

Abstract: An optical device comprises a substrate and at least one semiconductive polymer supported by said substrate, wherein said semiconductive polymer is a copolymer in which one of the repeat units is a group of formula (I) below or a homopolymer in which the repeat unit is a group of formula (I) below: wherein A and B are the same or different and each comprises wholly or partially an aryl moiety or a heteroaryl moiety, said moiety in A being fused to the bond a-b and said moiety in B being fused to the bond c-d, and that there is a torsion angle of at least 5° between the bond a-b and the bond c-d about the bond b-d. Semiconductive polymers for use in said devices and monomers for use in the synthesis of said polymers are also provided together with a process fo the synthesis of statistical copolymers.