Abstract: A method includes accessing a schema that specifies relationships among datasets, computations on the datasets, or transformations of the datasets, selecting a dataset from among the datasets, and identifying, from the schema, other datasets that are related to the selected dataset. Attributes of the datasets are identified, and logical data representing the identified attributes and relationships among the attributes is generated. The logical data is provided to a development environment, which provides access to portions of the logical data representing the identified attributes. A specification that specifies at least one of the identified attributes in performing an operation is received from the development environment.

Abstract: Techniques for generating a dataflow graph include generating a first dataflow graph with a plurality of first nodes representing first computer operations in processing data, with at least one of the first computer operations being a declarative operation that specifies one or more characteristics of one or more results of processing of data, and transforming the first dataflow graph into a second dataflow graph for processing data in accordance with the first computer operations, the second dataflow graph including a plurality of second nodes representing second computer operations, with at least one of the second nodes representing one or more imperative operations that implement the logic specified by the declarative operation, where the one or more imperative operations are unrepresented by the first nodes in the first dataflow graph.

Abstract: A method includes accessing a schema that specifies relationships among datasets, computations on the datasets, or transformations of the datasets, selecting a dataset from among the datasets, and identifying, from the schema, other datasets that are related to the selected dataset. Attributes of the datasets are identified, and logical data representing the identified attributes and relationships among the attributes is generated. The logical data is provided to a development environment, which provides access to portions of the logical data representing the identified attributes. A specification that specifies at least one of the identified attributes in performing an operation is received from the development environment.

Abstract: In a first aspect, a method includes, at a node of a Hadoop cluster, the node storing a first portion of data in HDFS data storage, executing a first instance of a data processing engine capable of receiving data from a data source external to the Hadoop cluster, receiving a computer-executable program by the data processing engine, executing at least part of the program by the first instance of the data processing engine, receiving, by the data processing engine, a second portion of data from the external data source, storing the second portion of data other than in HDFS storage, and performing, by the data processing engine, a data processing operation identified by the program using at least the first portion of data and the second portion of data.

Abstract: Techniques for generating a dataflow graph include generating a first dataflow graph with a plurality of first nodes representing first computer operations in processing data, with at least one of the first computer operations being a declarative operation that specifies one or more characteristics of one or more results of processing of data, and transforming the first dataflow graph into a second dataflow graph for processing data in accordance with the first computer operations, the second dataflow graph including a plurality of second nodes representing second computer operations, with at least one of the second nodes representing one or more imperative operations that implement the logic specified by the declarative operation, where the one or more imperative operations are unrepresented by the first nodes in the first dataflow graph.

Abstract: One method includes receiving a database query, receiving information about a database table in data storage populated with data elements, producing a structural representation of the database table that includes a formatted data organization reflective of the database table and is absent the data elements of the database table, and providing the structural representation and the database query to a plan generator capable of producing a query plan representing operations for executing the database query on the database table. Another method includes receiving a query plan from a plan generator, the plan representing operations for executing a database query on a database table, and producing a dataflow graph from the query plan, wherein the dataflow graph includes at least one node that represents at least one operation represented by the query plan, and includes at least one link that represents at least one dataflow associated with the query plan.

Abstract: In a first aspect, a method includes, at a node of a Hadoop cluster, the node storing a first portion of data in HDFS data storage, executing a first instance of a data processing engine capable of receiving data from a data source external to the Hadoop cluster, receiving a computer-executable program by the data processing engine, executing at least part of the program by the first instance of the data processing engine, receiving, by the data processing engine, a second portion of data from the external data source, storing the second portion of data other than in HDFS storage, and performing, by the data processing engine, a data processing operation identified by the program using at least the first portion of data and the second portion of data.

Abstract: In a first aspect, a method includes, at a node of a Hadoop cluster, the node storing a first portion of data in HDFS data storage, executing a first instance of a data processing engine capable of receiving data from a data source external to the Hadoop cluster, receiving a computer-executable program by the data processing engine, executing at least part of the program by the first instance of the data processing engine, receiving, by the data processing engine, a second portion of data from the external data source, storing the second portion of data other than in HDFS storage, and performing, by the data processing engine, a data processing operation identified by the program using at least the first portion of data and the second portion of data.

Abstract: A method includes accessing a schema that specifies relationships among datasets, computations on the datasets, or transformations of the datasets, selecting a dataset from among the datasets, and identifying, from the schema, other datasets that are related to the selected dataset. Attributes of the datasets are identified, and logical data representing the identified attributes and relationships among the attributes is generated. The logical data is provided to a development environment, which provides access to portions of the logical data representing the identified attributes. A specification that specifies at least one of the identified attributes in performing an operation is received from the development environment.

Abstract: Among other things, we describe a computer-implemented method, performed by a data processing system, of executing a computer program based on a query that is expressed in accordance with a query language applicable to a relational database, the computer program executed based at least in part on data stored in a tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium, the executing including receiving a SQL query, where the SQL query includes an identifier associated with a resource that is external to the data processing system, generating a computer program based on the SQL query, and executing the computer program, causing transmitting one or more instructions to the resource, the instructions defining operations other than operations of the SQL query, and receiving data from the resource in response to the instructions.

Abstract: A method includes executing a program that specifies operations and accessing a translation file that includes instructions for translating the language of the program into a language of a database. The translation file specifies operations in the language of the program that are supported by the database and the semantic meaning of the supported operations in the language of the database. Operations of the program that are unsupported by the database are processed by the program. Operations of the program that are supported by the database are determined from the translation file, and a portion of the program representing the supported operations is translated, using the translation file, into the language of the database and transmitted to the database. Data resulting from execution, within the database, of the translated portion of the program representing the operations that are supported by the database is received by the program.

Abstract: A method includes accessing a schema that specifies relationships among datasets, computations on the datasets, or transformations of the datasets, selecting a dataset from among the datasets, and identifying, from the schema, other datasets that are related to the selected dataset. Attributes of the datasets are identified, and logical data representing the identified attributes and relationships among the attributes is generated. The logical data is provided to a development environment, which provides access to portions of the logical data representing the identified attributes. A specification that specifies at least one of the identified attributes in performing an operation is received from the development environment.

Abstract: A method includes accessing a schema that specifies relationships among datasets, computations on the datasets, or transformations of the datasets, selecting a dataset from among the datasets, and identifying, from the schema, other datasets that are related to the selected dataset. Attributes of the datasets are identified, and logical data representing the identified attributes and relationships among the attributes is generated. The logical data is provided to a development environment, which provides access to portions of the logical data representing the identified attributes. A specification that specifies at least one of the identified attributes in performing an operation is received from the development environment.

Abstract: Techniques for generating a dataflow graph include generating a first dataflow graph with a plurality of first nodes representing first computer operations in processing data, with at least one of the first computer operations being a declarative operation that specifies one or more characteristics of one or more results of processing of data, and transforming the first dataflow graph into a second dataflow graph for processing data in accordance with the first computer operations, the second dataflow graph including a plurality of second nodes representing second computer operations, with at least one of the second nodes representing one or more imperative operations that implement the logic specified by the declarative operation, where the one or more imperative operations are unrepresented by the first nodes in the first dataflow graph.

Abstract: In a first aspect, a method includes, at a node of a Hadoop cluster, the node storing a first portion of data in HDFS data storage, executing a first instance of a data processing engine capable of receiving data from a data source external to the Hadoop cluster, receiving a computer-executable program by the data processing engine, executing at least part of the program by the first instance of the data processing engine, receiving, by the data processing engine, a second portion of data from the external data source, storing the second portion of data other than in HDFS storage, and performing, by the data processing engine, a data processing operation identified by the program using at least the first portion of data and the second portion of data.

Abstract: In a first aspect, a method includes, at a node of a Hadoop cluster, the node storing a first portion of data in HDFS data storage, executing a first instance of a data processing engine capable of receiving data from a data source external to the Hadoop cluster, receiving a computer-executable program by the data processing engine, executing at least part of the program by the first instance of the data processing engine, receiving, by the data processing engine, a second portion of data from the external data source, storing the second portion of data other than in HDFS storage, and performing, by the data processing engine, a data processing operation identified by the program using at least the first portion of data and the second portion of data.

Abstract: In one aspect, in general, a method of generating a dataflow graph representing a database query includes receiving a query plan from a plan generator, the query plan representing operations for executing a database query on at least one input representing a source of data, producing a dataflow graph from the query plan, wherein the dataflow graph includes at least one node that represents at least one operation represented by the query plan, and includes at least one link that represents at least one dataflow associated with the query plan, and altering one or more components of the dataflow graph based on at least one characteristic of the at least one input representing the source of data.

Abstract: Among other things, we describe a computer-implemented method, performed by a data processing system, of executing a computer program based on a query that is expressed in accordance with a query language applicable to a relational database, the computer program executed based at least in part on data stored in a tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium, the executing including receiving a SQL query, where the SQL query includes an identifier associated with a resource that is external to the data processing system, generating a computer program based on the SQL query, and executing the computer program, causing transmitting one or more instructions to the resource, the instructions defining operations other than operations of the SQL query, and receiving data from the resource in response to the instructions.

Abstract: Among other things, a method of generating a computer program based on an SQL query includes receiving a SQL query, including a reference to a first data set stored at a first data source, and including a reference to a second data set stored at a second data source different from the first data source, determining that the SQL query includes two or more commands, the commands including a first union-type operation, and a first aggregation operation, and determining that the SQL query describes that the first union-type operation shall be applied to at least a portion of data from the first data set, and applied to at least a portion of data from the second data set, determining that the SQL query describes that the first aggregation operation shall be applied to data resulting from the first union-type operation, and generating the computer program.

Abstract: Among other things, we describe a computer-implemented method, performed by a data processing system, of executing a computer program based on a query that is expressed in accordance with a query language applicable to a relational database, the computer program executed based at least in part on data stored in a tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium, the executing including receiving a SQL query, where the SQL query includes an identifier associated with a resource that is external to the data processing system, generating a computer program based on the SQL query, and executing the computer program, causing transmitting one or more instructions to the resource, the instructions defining operations other than operations of the SQL query, and receiving data from the resource in response to the instructions.