Abstract: A server implements a marketing method. The server may receive a wireless call or message and return choices particular to a facility. On receiving a selected choice, the server may return information particular to a part of said given facility. The information may be a marketing incentive, marketing information, or a promotion.

Abstract: The invention relates to plastic bags and sack for use especially in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The bag (2) comprises inner and outer bag sections (4, 14) which are joined at least at an upper portion in a manner which allows them to be separated when required, such as by heat sealing. The outer bag section (14) may be provided with a mouth (10) through which the inner bag section can be withdrawn when required. Alternatively, the outer bag section may be peeled away from the inner bag section. The inner bag section is heat sealed after filling with contents to retain the contents in the inner portion. The heat sealing step also serves to secure the bag sections together as above. The inner bag section is preferably provided with a closeable mouth (132) separate from the end by which it is filled, through which the contents may be dispensed.

Abstract: A server implements a marketing method. The server may receive a wireless call or message originating at a given facility and return a menu of choices particular to that facility. On receiving a choice selected from said menu, the server may return one or more messages with information particular to a part of said given facility. The information may be a marketing incentive, marketing information, or a promotion.

Abstract: Apparatus and systems, as well as methods and articles, may operate to identify and locate an RFID-tagged object relative to a point on a body, including a human, animal, or robotic body.

Abstract: The present invention provides gum base compositions and chewing gum compositions having non stick or reduced-stick properties and/or increased degradability. Methods of preparing the gum base and chewing gum compositions, as well as methods of use, are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides gum base compositions and chewing gum compositions having non stick or reduced-stick properties and/or increased degradability. Methods of preparing the gum base and chewing gum compositions, as well as methods of use, are provided.

Abstract: Rotary valve system for controlling communication with a port in an internal combustion engine which, in one disclosed embodiment, has a crankshaft, compression and expansion pistons connected to the crankshaft for reciprocating movement within compression and expansion chambers, a combustion chamber in which air from the compression chamber is combined with fuel and burned to produce an increased gas volume.

Abstract: Constant pressure internal combustion engine having an elongated combustion chamber which in some embodiments is folded back upon itself and has a rough, twisting interior side wall, a fuel inlet for introducing fuel into the chamber, a compression chamber in communication with the combustion chamber, means for varying the volume of the compression chamber and combustion chamber to form a mixture of fuel and air that burns as it travels through the chamber and is further mixed by the rough, twisting side wall of the chamber, an expansion chamber in communication with the combustion chamber, and an output member in the expansion chamber which is driven by pressure produced by the burning mixture, with the means for varying the volume of the compression chamber and the output member in the expansion chamber being connected together for movement in concert such that the pressure remains substantially constant within the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Infrared spectroscopy of human stool can be used as a non-invasive method of detecting the presence of colorectal cancer and/or clinically significant adenomas. The spectrum of a patient's stool is compared with that of stool from non-cancerous subjects, observed differences in spectra being indicative of cancer and/or clinically significant adenomas. In a preferred method, the stool sample is mixed with a buffer, the resulting suspension is centrifuged and the supernatant is subjected to infrared spectroscopy. The spectra are then classified using a three-stage classification strategy.

Abstract: Constant pressure internal combustion engine having an elongated combustion chamber which in some embodiments is folded back upon itself and has a rough, twisting interior side wall, a fuel inlet for introducing fuel into the chamber, a compression chamber in communication with the combustion chamber, means for varying the volume of the compression chamber and combustion chamber to form a mixture of fuel and air that burns as it travels through the chamber and is further mixed by the rough, twisting side wall of the chamber, an expansion chamber in communication with the combustion chamber, and an output member in the expansion chamber which is driven by pressure produced by the burning mixture, with the means for varying the volume of the compression chamber and the output member in the expansion chamber being connected together for movement in concert such that the pressure remains substantially constant within the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Rotary valve system for controlling communication with a port in an internal combustion engine which, in one disclosed embodiment, has a crankshaft, compression and expansion pistons connected to the crankshaft for reciprocating movement within compression and expansion chambers, a combustion chamber in which air from the compression chamber is combined with fuel and burned to produce an increased gas volume.

Abstract: A humidifier is provided including a first humidifier part, a second humidifier part connectable with the first humidifier part, and a sealing gasket disposed between the first and second humidifier parts. The second humidifier part is configured to hold a volume of liquid therein and the first and second humidifier parts and the sealing gasket define first and second internal passages within the humidifier. The first passage is disposed so as to be exposed to a surface of the volume of liquid and the second passage is isolated from at least one of the first passage and the surface of the volume of liquid. The second passage is configured to communicate with a pressure and/or sound sensing device.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of preparing moulded confectionery articles, comprising the steps of: (1) preparing a liquid candy composition which solidifies upon cooling, said liquid candy composition being at a first temperature; (2) preparing a liquid chocolate composition which solidifies upon cooling, said liquid chocolate composition being at a second temperature which is lower than said first temperature; (3) co-depositing the liquid candy composition and the liquid chocolate compositions in the moulds; and (4) cooling the moulded compositions in the moulds so as to solidify the moulded compositions to form moulded confectionery articles; wherein the liquid chocolate composition is subjected to a high shear of at least 100 s?1, before being co-deposited in the moulds. This treatment enables the candy composition to be deposited into the moulds at a temperature which is higher than has heretofore been considered possible.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating a solid tumour in a subject, the method comprising the following steps (i) delivering to the solid tumour a composition comprising an engineered ovine atadenovirus; and (ii) administering a prodrug to the subject, wherein the engineered ovine atadenovirus comprises a promoter and a gene encoding an enzyme which converts the prodrug to a cytotoxic metabolite, the gene being under control of the promoter.

Abstract: A system and method for automatically identifying compound refactorings of program code through quantitative metric analysis is presented. Program code is maintained, including program statements written in accordance with a programming language and defining operations executed following transformation into machine code. Compound refactorings are built. The program code is refactored by evaluating one or more of the program statements against a compound refactoring including a set of one or more individual refactorings. The application of the refactorings to the program statements is validated for each evaluated refactoring. A quantitative measure is analyzed against a threshold to reflect a relative difference between the program statements prior to and after application of the refactorings.

Abstract: A system and method for identifying viable refactorings of program code using a comprehensive test suite is presented. Program code is maintained, including program statements written in accordance with a programming language and defining operations executed following transformation into machine code. A test suite associated with the program code is specified and includes one or more additional program operations to determine satisfactory generation of expected results during the operations execution. A plurality of refactorings are speculatively applied to the program code by evaluating one or more of the program statements against a set of refactoring rules and restructuring the program statements pursuant to at least one refactoring rule. The test suite is executed against the program code following each restructuring of the program statements and each refactoring that passes the test suite is determined.

Abstract: Methods for forming calibration standards for an inspection system and calibration standards are provided. One method includes scanning a first and a second specimen with an optical system. Master standard particles having a lateral dimension traceable to a national or international authority or first principles measurements are deposited on the first specimen. Product standard particles are deposited on the second specimen. In addition, the method includes determining a lateral dimension of the product standard particles by comparing data generated by scanning the two specimens. One calibration standard includes particles having a lateral dimension of less than about 100 nm deposited on a specimen. A distribution of the lateral dimension has a full width at half maximum of less than about 3%. The uncertainty of the lateral dimension is less than about 2%. Therefore, the standard meets the requirements for the 130 nm technology generation of semiconductor devices.

Abstract: Vehicle parts of a pipeline pig are connected by a pivotable joint. The joint comprises first and second part-spherical hollow shells joined together, each shell having an aperture therein, said apertures being aligned, said first shell being mounted in a curved recess in said first vehicle part to the pivotable therein part, said second shell being mounted in a curved recess in said second vehicle part to the pivotable therein, the first and second vehicle parts each having ducts leading to the joint and communicating with said apertures and wherein pipeline pig harnessing passes between the vehicle parts through said ducts and said apertures.

Abstract: A w/o emulsion antiperspirant composition comprising a dissolved antiperspirant salt, an emulsifier and, in a disperse phase separate from the dissolved antiperspirant salt, a polymer comprising Brønsted acid groups.

Abstract: This invention relates to pipe preparing tools, and more particularly to a novel pipe preparing tool suitable for cutting, scoring or penetrating a surface of a plastics pipes.