Abstract: A method for preparing a zwitterionic co-polymer comprising the steps of: a) providing a solution of at least one ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable zwitterionic monomer dissolved in a solvent; b) combining said solution of zwitterionic monomer with at least one co-monomer being selected from cationic, anionic and non-ionic ethylenically unsaturated monomers; c) polymerizing the zwitterionic monomer and said at least one co-monomer in the presence of said solvent to form a solution or dispersion of co-polymer; and, d) replacing at least part of said solvent with a further solvent in which said co-polymer shows sufficient solubility to form a solution of said co-polymer in that further solvent. Step b) and step c) of this method may be performed sequentially or concurrently.

Abstract: A method for preparing a zwitterionic co-polymer comprising the steps of: a) providing a solution of at least one ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable zwitterionic monomer dissolved in a solvent; b) combining said solution of zwitterionic monomer with at least one co-monomer being selected from cationic, anionic and non-ionic ethylenically unsaturated monomers; c) polymerizing the zwitterionic monomer and said at least one co-monomerin the presence of said solvent to form a solution or dispersion of co-polymer; and, d) replacing at least part of said solvent with a further solvent in which said co-polymer shows sufficient solubility to form a solution of said co-polymer in that further solvent. Step b) and step c) of this method may be performed sequentially or concurrently.

Abstract: A process for making an antifouling coating composition comprising the following steps: a) preparation of a binder polymer in an organic solvent; b) emulsification of the binder polymer and the organic solvent into water; c) removal of all or part of the organic solvent from the emulsion; and d) formulation of the emulsion into a water-based anti-fouling coating composition.

Abstract: A process for making an antifouling coating composition comprising the following steps: a) preparation of a binder polymer in an organic solvent; b) emulsification of the binder polymer and the organic solvent into water; c) removal of all or part of the organic solvent from the emulsion; and d) formulation of the emulsion into a water-based anti-fouling coating composition.

Abstract: An antifouling coating composition comprises a binder which is a salt of an amine containing at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 8 to 25 carbon atoms and an addition copolymer of an olefinically unsaturated sulphonic acid, acid sulphate ester, phosphonic acid or acid phosphate ester and at least one olefinically unsaturated comonomer. The coating composition includes an ingredient having biocidal properties for aquatic organisms. The amine is preferably an amine having two aliphatic hydrocarbon groups each having 8 to 25 carbon atoms and the copolymer contains at least 5 mole % of units of an organocyclic ester or amide (A) of an olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid. The organocyclic ester or amide (A) is preferably an isobornyl ester.