Abstract: A server system that includes a host device initiates an encrypted decision tree model executing on an accelerator coupled with the host device. The encrypted decision tree model encrypted uses an agreed upon encryption schema between the host device and a user device accessing the encrypted decision tree model. The host device receives an input, from the user device, to be evaluated using the encrypted decision tree model. The input is encrypted using the agreed upon encryption schema. The host device using the encrypted decision tree model evaluates the input from the user device without decrypting the input. The accelerator using the encrypted decision tree model generates an encrypted output based on the evaluating. The accelerator device provides the encrypted output to the user device.

Abstract: A method of state permutation logic locking (SPeLL) for sequential circuits. The method includes encrypting original states of a sequential circuit to produce encrypted states, by transitioning an initial order of the original states into a secret permutation of the encrypted states, where the secret permutation is different than the initial order. The method also includes determining a cryptographic key that corresponds to the transition from the initial order of the original states to the secret permutation of the encrypted states, and decrypting the encrypted states, by using the cryptographic key to transition from the secret permutation of the encrypted states back to the initial order of the original states.

Abstract: Systems and methods for low-power single-wire communication are provided. In some embodiments, a method of operation of a transmitter to transmit a data word to a receiver using low-power single-wire communication includes receiving the data word to be transmitted to the receiver. The method also includes encoding the data word to be transmitted in a Pulsed Index Communication (PIC) format to produce a PIC data word and transmitting the PIC data word to the receiver. In this way, the transmitter may be able to transmit an increased amount of data while maintaining a simple communication protocol that uses low power and does not require a Clock-Data Recovery circuit.

Abstract: Systems and methods for low-power single-wire communication are provided. In some embodiments, a method of operation of a transmitter to transmit a data word to a receiver using low-power single-wire communication includes receiving the data word to be transmitted to the receiver. The method also includes encoding the data word to be transmitted in a Pulsed Index Communication (PIC) format to produce a PIC data word and transmitting the PIC data word to the receiver. In this way, the transmitter may be able to transmit an increased amount of data while maintaining a simple communication protocol that uses low power and does not require a Clock-Data Recovery circuit.

Abstract: A computer system selects a signal conductor from an electronic circuit design layout and assigns a first potential to the selected signal conductor. Next, the computer system assigns a second potential to other signal conductors included in the electronic circuit design layout. The computer system then selects a metal fill from the electronic circuit design layout, which is void from carrying an electrical signal, and generates a zero charge equation for the selected metal fill. The zero charge equation establishes that a total charge residing on the selected metal fill is equal to zero. The computer system includes the zero charge equation in a system of equations, which includes grid point potential equations, and solves the system of equations. In turn, the computer system computes capacitance values for the signal conductors based upon the system of equation solutions, and simulates the electronic circuit design layout using the computed capacitance values.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for iteratively writing contents to memory locations are provided. A statistical model is used to determine a sequence of pulses to write desired contents to a memory location. The contents can be expressed as a resistance value in a range to store one or more bits in a memory cell. For phase change memory, an adaptive reset pulse and one or more annealing pulses are selected based on a desired resistance range. Reading the resistance value of the memory cell can provide feedback to determine adjustments in an overall pulse application strategy. The statistical model and a look up table can be used to select and modify pulses. Adaptively updating the statistical model and look up table may reduce the number of looping iterations to shift the resistance value of the memory cell into the desired resistance range.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a method and an apparatus for analyzing measured signals using various processing techniques. In certain embodiments, the measured signals are physiological signals. In certain embodiments, the measurements relate to blood constituent measurements including blood oxygen saturation.

Abstract: The present invention involves a method and an apparatus for analyzing measured signals, including the determination of a measurement of oxygen saturation and respiration rate in the measured signals during a calculation of a physiological parameter of a monitored patient. Use of this invention is described in particular detail with respect to oximetry-based measurements but extends to other types of measurements.

Abstract: The present invention involves method and apparatus for analyzing two measured signals that are modeled as containing primary and secondary portions. Coefficients relate the two signals according to a model defined in accordance with the present invention. In one embodiment, the present invention involves utilizing a transformation which evaluates a plurality of possible signal coefficients find appropriate coefficients. Alternatively, the present invention involves using statistical functions or Fourier transform and windowing techniques to determine the coefficients relating to two measured signals. Use of this invention is described in particular detail with respect to blood oximetry measurements.

Abstract: Providing increased capacity in heterogeneous storage elements including a method for storing data in a heterogeneous memory that includes receiving a write message and a write address corresponding to a block of memory cells where at least two of the memory cells support different data levels, determining physical characteristics of the memory cells, and identifying virtual memories associated with the block of memory cells in response to the physical characteristics. The following is performed for each of the virtual memories: generating a constraint vector that describes the virtual cells in the virtual memory; and calculating a virtual write vector in response to the constraint vector and the write data, the calculating including writing the write data, bit by bit, in order, into the virtual memory, skipping locations known to be stuck to a particular value as indicated by the constraint vector.

Abstract: A computer system selects a signal conductor from an electronic circuit design layout and assigns a first potential to the selected signal conductor. Next, the computer system assigns a second potential to other signal conductors included in the electronic circuit design layout. The computer system then selects a metal fill from the electronic circuit design layout, which is void from carrying an electrical signal, and generates a zero charge equation for the selected metal fill. The zero charge equation establishes that a total charge residing on the selected metal fill is equal to zero. The computer system includes the zero charge equation in a system of equations, which includes grid point potential equations, and solves the system of equations. In turn, the computer system computes capacitance values for the signal conductors based upon the system of equation solutions, and simulates the electronic circuit design layout using the computed capacitance values.

Abstract: A computer system selects a signal conductor from an electronic circuit design layout and assigns a first potential to the selected signal conductor. Next, the computer system assigns a second potential to other signal conductors included in the electronic circuit design layout. The computer system then selects a metal fill from the electronic circuit design layout, which is void from carrying an electrical signal, and generates a zero charge equation for the selected metal fill. The zero charge equation establishes that a total charge residing on the selected metal fill is equal to zero. The computer system includes the zero charge equation in a system of equations, which includes grid point potential equations, and solves the system of equations. In turn, the computer system computes capacitance values for the signal conductors based upon the system of equation solutions, and simulates the electronic circuit design layout using the computed capacitance values.

Abstract: Providing increased capacity in heterogeneous storage elements including a method for reading from memory. The method includes receiving a read word from a block of memory cells, where physical characteristics of the memory cells support different sets of data levels. The read word is separated into two or more virtual read vectors. For each of the virtual read vectors, the codebook that was utilized to generate the virtual read vector is identified and a partial read data vector is generated. The generating includes multiplying the virtual read vector by a matrix that represents the codebook. The partial read data vectors are combined into a read message and the read message is output.

Abstract: Selecting bins in a memory by receiving a target cost for performing writes at an analog memory that is capable of storing a range of values. Possible bins that may be created in the range of values and a cost associated with each possible bin are determined. Each possible bin includes one or more of the values. A group of bins are identified, the group of bins are among the possible bins with associated costs that are within a threshold of the target cost. A maximum number of bins are selected from the group of bins that have non-overlapping values. The selected bins are stored along with the values of the selected bins utilized to encode and decode contents of the analog memory.

Abstract: The present invention involves a method and an apparatus for analyzing measured signals, including the determination of a measurement of oxygen saturation and respiration rate in the measured signals during a calculation of a physiological parameter of a monitored patient. Use of this invention is described in particular detail with respect to oximetry-based measurements but extends to other types of measurements.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer usable program product for detecting dose and focus variations during photolithography are provided in the illustrative embodiments. A test shape is formed on a wafer, the wafer being used to manufacture integrated circuits, the test shape being formed using a dose value and a focus value that are predetermined for the manufacturing. A capacitance of the test shape is measured. The capacitance is resolved to a second dosing value and a second focus value using an extraction model. A difference between the dosing value and the second dosing value is computed. A recommendation is made for dosing adjustment in the manufacturing based on the difference.

Abstract: The present invention involves a method and an apparatus for analyzing measured signals, including the determination of a measurement of oxygen saturation and respiration rate in the measured signals during a calculation of a physiological parameter of a monitored patient. Use of this invention is described in particular detail with respect to oximetry-based measurements.

Abstract: The present invention involves a method and an apparatus for analyzing measured signals, including the determination of a measurement of oxygen saturation and respiration rate in the measured signals during a calculation of a physiological parameter of a monitored patient. Use of this invention is described in particular detail with respect to oximetry-based measurements but extends to other types of measurements.

Abstract: Providing increased capacity in heterogeneous storage elements including a method for storing data including a write process writing to a memory and a read process reading from the memory. Physical characteristics of memory cells in the memory support different sets of data levels. The write process takes into account the different sets of data levels when writing to the memory. The read process first obtains data in the memory and subsequently determines how to interpret the data.

Abstract: Providing increased capacity in heterogeneous storage elements including a method for reading from memory. The method includes receiving a read word from a block of memory cells, where physical characteristics of the memory cells support different sets of data levels. The read word is separated into two or more virtual read vectors. For each of the virtual read vectors, the codebook that was utilized to generate the virtual read vector is identified and a partial read data vector is generated. The generating includes multiplying the virtual read vector by a matrix that represents the codebook. The partial read data vectors are combined into a read message and the read message is output.