Abstract: A method and apparatus for non-invasively diagnosing a condition of subcutaneous biological tissue using biomolecular Raman spectroscopy. The apparatus is immobilized against the skin of a user so that a light source can emit photons of light through a bottom port that probes physiological biomarkers in molecules of interest in subcutaneous tissue. Photons of Rayleigh scattered light commingled with Raman scattered light are returned into the internal cavity through the port. After having been filtered of Rayleigh scattered light and limited to a specific wavelength, the photons are detected in an array of photodetectors where photons of Raman scattered light are singly counted over a predetermined sampling time. The apparatus and method can be configured in wearable form, for example a wristband, to monitor a variety of conditions, including reading blood sugar.

Abstract: A method and system for performing online adapted radiotherapy are provided using combined ultrasound and ionizing radiation induced acoustic imaging (iRAI) computed tomography imaging techniques that can be used for measurement of low to ultrahigh dose deliveries (>40 Gy/s). Multiplexed transducers detect US and iRAI signals allowing for anatomical/functional imaging and radiation mapping with absolute dosimetry measurements of a region of interest during a radiotherapy session. Corrections to radiation dosage intensities and locations is determined and provided as feedback to a radiation source to improve the accuracy of applied radiation dosages intra- or inter-radiotherapy treatment sessions preventing the irradiation of healthy tissues and ensuring the accurate delivery of radiation to a tumor or region of interest.

Abstract: Cerenkov Emission (CE) during external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) from a linear accelerator (Linac) has been demonstrated as a useful tool for radiotherapy quality assurance and potentially other applications for online tracking of tumors during treatment. However, an overlooked area is the molecular probing of the cancer status during delivery mainly due to the limited detection sensitivity of CE and lack of flexible tools to fit into an already complex treatment delivery environment. Silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) can be used for low light detection due to their extreme sensitivity that mirrors photomultiplier tubes and yet has a form factor that is similar to silicon photodiodes, allowing for improved flexibility in device design. This work assesses the feasibility of using SiPMs to detect CE, interrogate the tumor molecular status during EBRT, and contrast its performance with silicon photodiodes (PDs) available commercially.

Abstract: Cerenkov Emission (CE) during external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) from a linear accelerator (Linac) has been demonstrated as a useful tool for radiotherapy quality assurance and potentially other applications for online tracking of tumors during treatment. However, an overlooked area is the molecular probing of the cancer status during delivery mainly due to the limited detection sensitivity of CE and lack of flexible tools to fit into an already complex treatment delivery environment. Silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) can be used for low light detection due to their extreme sensitivity that mirrors photomultiplier tubes and yet has a form factor that is similar to silicon photodiodes, allowing for improved flexibility in device design. This work assesses the feasibility of using SiPMs to detect CE, interrogate the tumor molecular status during EBRT, and contrast its performance with silicon photodiodes (PDs) available commercially.