Abstract: There are provided a thermoplastic graft copolymer comprising, as main chain, a polymer having a glass transition temperature of 10.degree. C. or below and, as side chain, an aromatic oligomer having a flow temperature of 100.degree. C. or above; and its preparation process, especially a process wherein an aromatic oligomer containing 50% or more of the structural units represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X is O or S; and Ar is ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkyl group of 1-3 carbon atoms or phenyl group, and p and q are an integer of 0-2.The graft copolymer of this invention can be used as a thermal resistant plastic elastomer for heat-resisting hoses, seals, automobile materials, etc.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline polyester resin composition containing (A) a polyphenylene ether which is modified with at least one amine selected from the group consisting of primary amines and secondary amines; (B) a liquid crystalline polyester; and optionally (C) at least one oil selected from the group consisting of white oil and phenyl ether type oils, which composition has improved moldability and provides a molded article having improved weld strength while maintaining good heat resistance and mechanical properties of the liquid crystalline polyester.

Abstract: A poly(hetero-arylene vinylene) containing, as its major constituent unit, a repeating unit represented by the general formula ##STR1## (wherein X is a sulfur or oxygen atom), which is obtained by subjecting a sulfonium salt represented by the general formula ##STR2## (wherein X has the same definition as given above, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and A.sup.- is a counter ion) to condensation polymerization using an alkali to obtain a precursor polymer, and subjecting the precursor polymer to stretching and orientation and then to a treatment for sulfonium salt elimination or subjecting the precursor polymer in one step to stretching and orientation and to a treatment for sulfonium salt elimination, as well as a highly conductive composition thereof.

Abstract: A process for producing a stretched molded article of a conjugated polymer, hich comprises subjecting a polymer precursor having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 is a group which forms a C--C conjugated system together with a vinylene group which is formed upon the dehydrogenation of the >CH--Ch.sub.2 -- group; and R.sub.2 is a group which is to be eliminated from the alpha-position carbon of the >CH--CH.sub.2 -- group simultaneously with the elimination of one of the hydrogen atoms bonding to the beta-position carbon of the >CH--Ch.sub.2 -- group) to stretching in the swelling state and then subjecting the stretched precursor polymer to elimination of the R.sub.2 group, and a conductive composition of the stretched molded article of the conjugated polymer, comprising the comjugated polymer and a dopant as essential components.

Abstract: A high strength and modulus conjugated polymer film which comprises as its principal constitutive unit a conjugated polymer structure represented by the general formula:--R--CH.dbd.CH.sub.nwherein R is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms which forms a consecutive carbon to carbon conjugated system with vinylene group, and n is an integer of 5 to 50,000, and has a tensile strength of 15 kg/mm.sup.2 or more and an elastic modulus of 350 kg/mm.sup.2 or more, and a highly electroconductive pyrolyzed product thereof.

Abstract: A high strength and modulus conjugated polymer film which comprises as its rincipal constitutive unit a conjugated polymer structure represented by the general formula:--R--CH.dbd.CH).sub.nwherein R is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms which forms a consecutive carbon to carbon conjugated system with vinylene group, and n is an integer of 5 to 50,000, and has a tensile strength of 15 kg/mm.sup.2 or more and an elastic modulus of 350 kg/mm.sup.2 or more, and a highly electroconductive pyrolyzed product thereof.

Abstract: A highly electroconductive carbonaceous material is obtained by pyrolysis in an inert atmospherea conjugated polymer represented by the general formula--R--CH.dbd.CH).sub.nwherein R is an aromatic hydrocarbon group which forms a consecutive carbon to carbon conjugated system with the vinylene group, and n is an integer of at least 2, at a temperature above 400.degree. C., or an aromatic polyimide at a temperature of 2000.degree. C. or above. Further, a highly electroconductive composition is obtained by treating the carbonaceous material mentioned above with a dopant.

Abstract: A highly electroconductive conjugated polymer composition which comprises a polymer having as the principal constitutive unit thereof a conjugated polymer structure --R.sub.1 --CH.dbd.CH).sub.m, wherein m is an integer satisfying the equation 2.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.n, obtained by subjecting to elimination of sulfonium salt from the polyelectrolyte of sulfonium salt having the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group which forms a consecutive carbon to carbon conjugated system together with the adjacent vinylene group formed by the dehydrogenation of the group >CH--CH.sub.2 --; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represent a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; X represents a counter ion; and n represents an integer larger than 2, and a dopant.

Abstract: Highly dielectric organic compounds can be obtained by cyanoethylating a dihydroxyalkylate of a water-soluble polysaccharide or a derivative thereof with acrylonitrile.

Abstract: A process for producing polyacrylonitrile membranes for use in reverse osmosis, which comprises dissolving an acrylonitrile polymer in formamide (FA)-containing dimethylformamide (DMF) to prepare an acrylonitrile polymer solution for membrane formation; shaping the solution into a membranous product of a desired form while maintaining the temperature of the solution within a specific range; removing the solvent from the membranous product under a specified solvent removal condition (solidifying condition); subjecting the thus-obtained membrane to a heat treatment, and further to a plasma treatment. The polyacrylonitrile membrane thus obtained is asymmetric and porous in structure, and excellent both in separation ability and in mechanical strength. This membrane is very suitable for use in reverse osmosis.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a semipermeable membrane which comprises exposing porous shaped articles of polyacrylonitrile or copolymers thereof containing acrylonitrile in an amount of more than 40% by mole to a plasma.The resulting semipermeable membrane is very useful for separating substances by reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration.

Abstract: A process for improving the performances of semipermeable membranes which comprise an acrylonitrile polymer containing 40 to 100% by mole of acrylonitrile and have a bubble point of more than 0.1 kg/cm.sup.2, by dipping said membranes in an aqueous solution containing inorganic salts and/or protic acids.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of semipermeable membranes which comprises sulfonating porous membranes of acrylonitrile polymers containing acrylonitrile in an amount of 40% to 100% by mole.The resulting semipermeable membrane is very useful for separating substances by reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration.

Abstract: A cellulosic ion-exchange fiber having a functional group represented by the formula, ##STR1## wherein n is 1 or 2 and M is a hydrogen atom, alkali metal or ammonium residue, is produced by dipping a cellulosic fiber in an aqueous solution containing an intermediate of the formula, ##STR2## wherein n and M are as defined above; and X is halogen, in the presence of an alkali and applying heat treatment, thereby introducing the above-mentioned functional group.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of semipermeable membrane which comprises exposing porous shaped articles of polysulfone to a plasma.The resulting semipermeable membrane is very useful for separating substances by reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a semipermeable membrane which comprises exposing porous shaped articles of polyacrylonitrile or copolymers thereof containing acrylonitrile in an amount of more than 40% by mole to a plasma.The resulting semipermeable membrane is very useful for separating substances by reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of semipermeable membranes is disclosed which comprises exposing porous shaped articles of polyacrylonitrile or copolymers containing acrylonitrile in an amount of more than 40% by mole to a plasma consisting essentially of a gaseous organic compound or the mixture of said gaseous organic compound and an inert gas at room temperature under a pressure of 0.01 to 10 Torr.

Abstract: Filters for the selective collection of metallic ions, comprising a water-permeable, thin layer film made from pulp or fiber having the metallic ion collecting groups chemically linked thereto which are made up of a polar group containing an oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atom which may selectively form a nonionic linkage together with metallic ions.

Abstract: A cation exchanger in paper-like or felt-like form is obtained by making a fibrous sheet from a blend of polyethylene fibers into which sulfonic groups have been introduced with 0.1 to 50% by weight of thermoplastic resin fibers and heating the sheet at the softening temperature of said thermoplastic resin or higher temperatures. This cation exchanger is useful in softening or desalination of raw water, separation and recovery of various metals, and adsorption of basic dyestuffs and cationic dyestuffs.

Abstract: A cation exchanger in paper-like or felt-like form is obtained by making a fibrous sheet from a blend of polyethylene fibers into which sulfonic groups have been introduced with 0.1 to 50% by weight of thermoplastic resin fibers and heating the sheet at the softening temperature of said thermoplastic resin or higher temperatures. This cation exchanger is useful in softening or desalination of raw water, separation and recovery of various metals, and adsorption of basic dyestuffs and cationic dyestuffs.