Abstract: A pin arrangement device includes: a storage portion in which a pin arrangement array body having a plurality of holes is disposed; and a mechanism for inserting pins into the holes of the pin arrangement array body disposed in the storage portion. The mechanism includes a first mechanism that vibrates the storage portion and a second mechanism that applies a magnetic field to the pin arrangement array body, and the first mechanism includes a swing mechanism that swings the storage portion and a vibration mechanism that vibrates the storage portion in a vertical direction or a horizontal direction.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, a charger for electrically charging the photosensitive member at a charging position, an image forming system for forming an image on the photosensitive member charged by the charger, and an optical discharger for electrically discharging the photosensitive member. After a start of rotation of the photosensitive member, the optical discharger operates to discharge the photosensitive member and when a leading edge portion of a portion of the photosensitive member discharged by the optical discharger reaches the charging position the charger starts its charging operation.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a plurality of image forming devices for forming respective monochromatic images in accordance with input image signals. The apparatus is operable in a first mode for forming a multi-color image by the plurality of image forming devices at a first image formation speed and in a second mode for forming a multi-color image by the plurality of image forming devices at a second image formation speed. The apparatus also includes an execution device for executing, for respective image formation speeds, calibrating operations for correcting image density levels of output images formed by the image forming devices in response to image density levels of the input image signals.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a charger for electrically charging the image bearing member; an electrostatic image forming device for forming an electrostatic image by selectively discharging a surface of the charged image bearing member; a developer for developing the electrostatic image formed on the image bearing member into a toner image; a transfer device for transferring the toner image from the image bearing member onto a transfer material; wherein the charger is capable of collecting residual toner from the image bearing member after an image transfer operation; an electric field forming device forms an electric field between the charger and the image bearing member to transfer the toner in the charger to the image bearing member; and a controller controls a length of time during which the electric field forming device forms the electric field, wherein the controller controls the length of time substantially in accordance with wear of a surface of the image bearing membe

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; image forming means for forming an image on the image bearing member, the image forming means including charging means for electrically charging the image bearing member; optical discharging means for electrically discharging the surface of the image bearing member, wherein a charging operation of the charging means is started at the time when a neighborhood of a leading end of an area discharged by the optical discharging means after start of rotation of the image bearing member is substantially opposed to the charging means.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; charger for electrically charged said image bearing member; electrostatic image forming means for forming an electrostatic image by selectively discharging a surface of said image bearing member charged by said charger; developing means for developing the electrostatic image on said image bearing member into a toner image with toner; transfer means for transferring the toner image from said image bearing member onto a transfer material; wherein said charger is capable of collecting residual toner remaining on said image bearing member after image transfer operation by said transfer means; electric field forming means for forming an electric field between said charger and said image bearing member to transfer the toner in said charger to said image bearing member; and control means for controlling a length of time for which said electric field forming means forms the electric field.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; image forming means for forming an image on the image bearing member in accordance with an image signal; wherein the apparatus is operable in a first mode in which the image is formed by the image forming means on the image bearing member which is rotated at a first peripheral speed and in a second mode in which the image is formed by the image forming means on the image bearing member which is rotated at a second peripheral speed different from the first peripheral speed; wherein a calibration for correcting a density level of the image formed on the image bearing member relative to a density level of the image signal, is executed for each of the modes.