Abstract: A display processing unit causes a display device to display an endoscopic image of a living tissue in a somatic cavity captured by an endoscope. An operation reception unit receives a user operation that is performed so as to set an area of interest in the endoscopic image. An area-of-interest setting unit sets the area of interest in the endoscopic image based on the user operation. A three-dimensional information acquisition unit acquires three-dimensional shape information of the living tissue captured by the endoscope. A virtual surface derivation unit derives three-dimensional shape information of a virtual surface in the area of interest from three-dimensional shape information of an area different from the area of interest. A size information identification unit identifies information concerning a size of the virtual surface from the three-dimensional shape information of the virtual surface.

Abstract: A medical stapler includes an attachment-detachment portion that is attachable to and detachable from a distal-end portion of an endoscope; a grasping portion arranged at a distal-end side of the attachment-detachment portion and configured to grasp target tissue and suture the grasped target tissue; and an advancement-retraction mechanism configured to connect the grasping portion to the attachment-detachment portion such that the grasping portion is advanceable and retractable with respect to the attachment-detachment portion, wherein the advancement-retraction mechanism includes a wire sheath inserting through a penetration hole formed in the attachment-detachment portion, a distal end of the wire sheath is fixed to the grasping portion, and the grasping portion moves to the distal-end side by moving the wire sheath toward the distal-end side.

Abstract: A medical stapler includes an attachment-detachment portion attached to a distal-end portion of an endoscope and including an opening from which an objective lens of the endoscope is exposed; and a grasping portion attached to the attachment-detachment portion and including a first grasping portion and a second grasping portion connected by a rotation shaft to be openable and closeable, wherein the second grasping portion includes a visual-field space penetrating a gap between the staple reception portion and the rotation shaft in an open-close direction, when the grasping portion is in the closed state, the staple extraction portion and the staple reception portion are opposite to each other, and when the grasping portion is in an open state, an optical axis of the objective lens passes through the visual-field space.

Abstract: A suture method includes a first arrangement step of using a first treatment device including first/second grasping pieces to hook the first grasping piece to a first position of peripheral tissues of a lesion; a second arrangement step of hooking the second grasping piece to a second position of the peripheral tissues; a grasping step of grasping the first position and the second position while pressing the first position and the second position to the peripheral tissues; a retracting step of retracting the lesion site toward a proximal end side of the first treatment device while drawing the first position and the second position grasped by the first treatment device; and a suturing step of suturing a first suturing position at an external side of the first position and a second suturing position at an external side of the second position in the peripheral tissues.

Abstract: A driving force transmission control device includes a driving force transmission device configured to press a friction clutch by an actuator and a controller configured to control the driving force transmission device. The controller calculates a torque command value indicating a driving force to be transmitted from a rotating member on an input side to a rotating member on an output side based on information of a vehicle. The controller sets an electric current command value according to a magnitude and an amount of time change of the torque command value. The electric current command value is a target value of an electric current. The controller performs electric current feedback control such that an electric current corresponding to the calculated electric current command value is supplied to the actuator.

Abstract: A driving force transmission device includes an input rotation member and output rotation member, a multiple-disc clutch, a pressing mechanism, and a control device that includes a current supply circuit. The control device is configured to compute a torque command value based on a state of a vehicle, the torque command value being a driving force that needs to be transmitted by the multiple-disc clutch, to compute a current command value, to correct the current command value, and to control the current supply circuit such that an electric current depending on the current command value is supplied to the pressing mechanism. The control device is configured to perform the correction so as to increase or decrease the current command value by a correction amount depending on a change rate of the torque command value.

Abstract: A driving force transmission device includes an input rotation member, an output rotation member, a multiple-disc clutch, a pressing mechanism, and a control device including a current supply circuit. The control device is configured to compute a torque command value, to compute a current command value, to correct the current command value, and to control the current supply circuit such that an electric current depending on the current command value is supplied to the pressing mechanism. The control device is configure to correct the current command value by a correction amount in a constant-torque state after the torque command value changes, the constant-torque state being a state where a change rate of the torque command value is in a predetermined range, the correction amount depending on a duration of the constant-torque state.

Abstract: A driving force transmission control device includes a driving force transmission device configured to press a friction clutch by an actuator and a controller configured to control the driving force transmission device. The controller calculates a torque command value indicating a driving force to be transmitted from a rotating member on an input side to a rotating member on an output side based on information of a vehicle. The controller sets an electric current command value according to a magnitude and an amount of time change of the torque command value. The electric current command value is a target value of an electric current. The controller performs electric current feedback control such that an electric current corresponding to the calculated electric current command value is supplied to the actuator.

Abstract: A driving force transmission device includes an input rotation member and output rotation member, a multiple-disc clutch, a pressing mechanism, and a control device that includes a current supply circuit. The control device is configured to compute a torque command value based on a state of a vehicle, the torque command value being a driving force that needs to be transmitted by the multiple-disc clutch, to compute a current command value, to correct the current command value, and to control the current supply circuit such that an electric current depending on the current command value is supplied to the pressing mechanism. The control device is configured to perform the correction so as to increase or decrease the current command value by a correction amount depending on a change rate of the torque command value.

Abstract: A driving force transmission device includes an input rotation member, an output rotation member, a multiple-disc clutch, a pressing mechanism, and a control device including a current supply circuit. The control device is configured to compute a torque command value, to compute a current command value, to correct the current command value, and to control the current supply circuit such that an electric current depending on the current command value is supplied to the pressing mechanism. The control device is configure to correct the current command value by a correction amount in a constant-torque state after the torque command value changes, the constant-torque state being a state where a change rate of the torque command value is in a predetermined range, the correction amount depending on a duration of the constant-torque state.

Abstract: A driving force control apparatus includes a first torque calculator configured to calculate turning radius correspondence torques indicating the magnitudes of the driving forces to be transmitted to a right rear wheel and a left rear wheel based on a turning radius, a second torque calculator configured to calculate steering velocity response torques based on a steering velocity of a steering wheel and a vehicle speed, a corrector configured to calculate a corrected torque by correcting a turning radius correspondence torque of at least one of wheels on an inner side of turning and on an outer side of turning in accordance with the steering velocity response torque, and a current controller configured to supply currents to torque couplings so that driving forces based on the corrected torque are transmitted.

Abstract: A driving force control apparatus includes a first torque calculator configured to calculate turning radius correspondence torques indicating the magnitudes of the driving forces to be transmitted to a right rear wheel and a left rear wheel based on a turning radius, a second torque calculator configured to calculate steering velocity response torques based on a steering velocity of a steering wheel and a vehicle speed, a corrector configured to calculate a corrected torque by correcting a turning radius correspondence torque of at least one of wheels on an inner side of turning and on an outer side of turning in accordance with the steering velocity response torque, and a current controller configured to supply currents to torque couplings so that driving forces based on the corrected torque are transmitted.

Abstract: This object aims to disclose a biological multi-directional observation device with measures to avoid an illumination backlight problem taken. In a preferable embodiment of the multi-directional observation device, a two-dimensional detector (6) is arranged right above a transparent specimen support (2) and a main image forming lens (8) is arranged right under the two-dimensional detector (6). A fluorescence-side filter (10) which allows only a fluorescence component from a biological specimen (4) pass therethrough is arranged, if necessary, between the main image forming lens (8) and the biological specimen (4). Reflection mirrors (M1, M2) are arranged on the down side of the specimen support (2), wherein the reflection mirrors are optional systems for leading a light of an image of the rear side of the biological specimen (4) to the main image forming lens (8). A light source device is provided to irradiate light to biological specimen (4).

Abstract: In order to reduce light leak influencing the detection capability of a fluorescence imaging apparatus, an interference filter and an absorption filter on an emission-side filter section are arranged serially in the traveling direction of the fluorescence. The interference filter and the absorption filter that are in use for such an arrangement block the waveband light equivalent to the excitation light irradiated onto a sample while fully transmitting the waveband light equivalent to the fluorescence.

Abstract: The mammographic apparatus of this invention maintains peripheral portions of the breast area Ma of the sternal plate of a patient M in contact with a sternal plate contact box 3 during radiography for RI distribution images of the breast area Ma of the patient M. Since the body motion accompanying respiration of the patient M shifts from the breast side to the back side, the motion of the breast area Ma of the patient M accompanying respiration of the patient M is suppressed easily. In addition, since radiography for RI distribution images is carried out with the patient M in a seated position seated on a seating unit 2, the apparatus is compact and can installed in a limited area, compared with an apparatus that carries out radiography for RI distribution images with a patient in a sleeping position lying on her back or on a side on a top board.

Abstract: Optical waveguide paths to observe a sample on a sample holder from a plurality of directions while guiding an image of light in each direction which is emitted out of the sample toward a direction of a two dimensional detector via a main imaging lens include an optical waveguide path which never receives the light directly from the sample. The optical waveguide path which never receives the light directly from the sample forms an image of the sample within a substantial focus range of the main imaging lens, and includes optical elements arranged such that a light beam after formation of the image proceeds toward a direction of the main imaging lens. Optical elements on at least one optical waveguide path are those for forming real images. Therefore, the main imaging lens images the sample and those real images in block on the two dimensional detector.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fluorescence measurement device for a living body configured to be able to reduce wavelength components that will become leak light and to easily switch a wavelength and an irradiation direction.

Abstract: In order to reduce light leak influencing the detection capability of a fluorescence imaging apparatus, an interference filter and an absorption filter on an emission-side filter section are arranged serially in the traveling direction of the fluorescence. The interference filter and the absorption filter that are in use for such an arrangement block the waveband light equivalent to the excitation light irradiated onto a sample while fully transmitting the waveband light equivalent to the fluorescence.

Abstract: This object aims to disclose a biological multi-directional observation device with measures to avoid an illumination backlight problem taken. In a preferable embodiment of the multi-directional observation device, a two-dimensional detector (6) is arranged right above a transparent specimen support (2) and a main image forming lens (8) is arranged right under the two-dimensional detector (6). A fluorescence-side filter (10) which allows only a fluorescence component from a biological specimen (4) pass therethrough is arranged, if necessary, between the main image forming lens (8) and the biological specimen (4). Reflection mirrors (M1, M2) are arranged on the down side of the specimen support (2), wherein the reflection mirrors are optional systems for leading a light of an image of the rear side of the biological specimen (4) to the main image forming lens (8). A light source device is provided to irradiate light to biological specimen (4).

Abstract: Optical waveguide paths to observe a sample on a sample holder from a plurality of directions while guiding an image of light in each direction which is emitted out of the sample toward a direction of a two dimensional detector via a main imaging lens include an optical waveguide path which never receives the light directly from the sample. The optical waveguide path which never receives the light directly from the sample forms an image of the sample within a substantial focus range of the main imaging lens, and includes optical elements arranged such that a light beam after formation of the image proceeds toward a direction of the main imaging lens. Optical elements on at least one optical waveguide path are those for forming real images. Therefore, the main imaging lens images the sample and those real images in block on the two dimensional detector.