Abstract: A cooling water temperature control method, includes: calculating thickness of a water film remaining on a steel sheet; calculating a change in the thickness of the water film; calculating a change in temperature of the steel sheet; calculating a steel sheet temperature on an exit side of a draining roll at which a position where the thickness of the water film on the steel sheet becomes zero coincides with an exit side position of a drying equipment, and setting the calculated temperature to a lower limit value; calculating a steel sheet temperature on the exit side of the draining roll at which the steel sheet temperature on the entrance side of coating equipment coincides with a predetermined temperature and setting the calculated temperature to an upper limit value; and controlling the temperature of cooling water within a range of the lower limit value and the upper limit value.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing ether compound of the present invention is represented by the following General Formula (1). (In the General Formula (1), X is a trivalent atom or a trivalent atom group, A is a linking group including at least one polar group, B is a linking group having a perfluoropolyether chain, and D is a polar group or a substituent having a polar group at the end.) [Chem.

Abstract: A lubricant for a magnetic recording medium capable of forming a lubricant layer having excellent adhesion to a protective layer is provided. A lubricant for a magnetic recording medium contains a fluorine-containing ether compound in which a group having an ethylenic carbon-carbon double bond is disposed at one or both terminals of a perfluoroalkyl polyether chain. It is preferable that the group having the ethylenic carbon-carbon double bond is disposed at one terminal of the perfluoroalkyl polyether chain, and a hydroxyl group is disposed at other terminal. It is preferable that the lubricant for a magnetic recording medium contains a compound in which one or more functional groups selected from a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an amido group and a carboxyl group is disposed at one or both terminals of a perfluoroalkyl polyether chain.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing ether compound represented by a formula (1) shown below. R4—CH2—R3—CH2—R2—CH2—R1—CH2—R2—CH2—R3—CH2—R5??(1) In formula (1), R1 and R3 represent the same or different perfluoropolyether chains, R2 represents a linking group containing at least one polar group, one or both of R4 and R5 represent a terminal group containing two or more polar groups, and R4 and R5 are different.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by Formula (1), R1—R2—CH2—R3—CH2—R4??(1). (In Formula (1), R1 is an end group including an organic group having at least one double bond or triple bond, R2 is a divalent linking group bonded to R1 by etheric oxygen, R3 is a perfluoropolyether chain, R4 is an end group having two or three polar groups with each polar group being bonded to different carbon atoms, and the carbon atoms, to which the polar groups are bonded, being bonded to each other via a linking group including carbon atoms to which the polar groups are not bonded.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing ether compound represented by a formula (1) shown below. R4—CH2—R3—CH2—R2—CH2—R1—CH2—R2—CH2—R3—CH2—R5??(1) In formula (1), R1 and R3 represent the same or different perfluoropolyether chains, R2 represents a linking group containing at least one polar group, one or both of R4 and R5 represent a terminal group containing two or more polar groups, and R4 and R5 are different.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing ether compound of the present invention is represented by the following General Formula (1). (In the General Formula (1), X is a trivalent atom or a trivalent atom group, A is a linking group including at least one polar group, B is a linking group having a perfluoropolyether chain, and D is a polar group or a substituent having a polar group at the end.) [Chem.

Abstract: A lubricant for a magnetic recording medium capable of forming a lubricant layer having excellent adhesion to a protective layer is provided. A lubricant for a magnetic recording medium contains a fluorine-containing ether compound in which a group having an ethylenic carbon-carbon double bond is disposed at one or both terminals of a perfluoroalkyl polyether chain. It is preferable that the group having the ethylenic carbon-carbon double bond is disposed at one terminal of the perfluoroalkyl polyether chain, and a hydroxyl group is disposed at other terminal. It is preferable that the lubricant for a magnetic recording medium contains a compound in which one or more functional groups selected from a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an amido group and a carboxyl group is disposed at one or both terminals of a perfluoroalkyl polyether chain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by Formula (1), R1—R2—CH2—R3—CH2—R4??(1). (In Formula (1), R1 is an end group including an organic group having at least one double bond or triple bond, R2 is a divalent linking group bonded to R1 by etheric oxygen, R3 is a perfluoropolyether chain, R4 is an end group having two or three polar groups with each polar group being bonded to different carbon atoms, and the carbon atoms, to which the polar groups are bonded, being bonded to each other via a linking group including carbon atoms to which the polar groups are not bonded.

Abstract: A carbon film forming method, that introduces a raw material gas including carbon into a film forming chamber, ionizes the gas by using an ion source, accelerates the ionized gas, and radiates the ionized gas to a surface of a substrate to form a carbon film on the surface of the substrate, includes forming the carbon film while rotating a first magnet, which is provided on the opposite side of the substrate across a region in which the raw material gas is ionized so as to be eccentric and/or inclined with respect to a central axis connecting the center of the ion source and a position corresponding to the center of the substrate held by the holder, in a circumferential direction.

Abstract: Provided is an oxygen reduction catalyst having a high oxygen reduction performance. An oxygen reduction catalyst according to the present embodiment includes a transition metal oxide to which an oxygen defect is introduced, and a layer that is provided on the transition metal oxide and that contains an electron conductive substance. A method for producing an oxygen reduction catalyst according to the present embodiment includes heating a transition metal carbonitride as a starting material in an oxygen-containing mixed gas. In addition, a method for producing an oxygen reduction catalyst according to the present embodiment includes heating a transition-metal phthalocyanine and a carbon fiber powder as starting materials in an oxygen-containing mixed gas.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a magnetic recording medium sequentially forms a magnetic recording layer, a protection layer, and a lubricant layer on a stacked body. The lubricant layer is formed on a surface of the protection layer by vapor-phase lubrication without exposing the stacked body to atmosphere after forming the protection layer on the stacked body. Nitrogen atoms or oxygen atoms are injected onto the surface of the protection layer after forming the protection layer and before forming the lubricant layer.

Abstract: A carbon film forming method including a step in which, inside a film formation chamber provided with a filamentous cathode electrode, an anode electrode disposed around the perimeter of the cathode electrode, and a substrate holder disposed at a position that is separated from the cathode electrode, a disk-like substrate that has a central aperture is disposed in the substrate holder so that one surface of the substrate is opposite the cathode electrode, and a columnar member that has a diameter equal to or greater than a diameter of the central aperture and that has a height equal to or greater than the diameter is disposed with clearance from the cathode electrode and the substrate so that its central axis is coaxial with a central axis of the substrate, one of its circular surfaces is oriented toward the cathode electrode, and its other circular surface is parallel to the one surface of the substrate; and a step in which carbon film is formed on the one surface of the substrate by causing emission of carb

Abstract: A carbon film forming method, that introduces a raw material gas including carbon into a film forming chamber, ionizes the gas by using an ion source, accelerates the ionized gas, and radiates the ionized gas to a surface of a substrate to form a carbon film on the surface of the substrate, includes forming the carbon film while rotating a first magnet, which is provided on the opposite side of the substrate across a region in which the raw material gas is ionized so as to be eccentric and/or inclined with respect to a central axis connecting the center of the ion source and a position corresponding to the center of the substrate held by the holder, in a circumferential direction.

Abstract: A carbon film-forming apparatus includes a film forming chamber, a holder that can hold a substrate in the film forming chamber, an introduction pipe that introduces a raw material gas including carbon to the film forming chamber, an ion source that radiates an ion beam to the substrate held by the holder, and a tubular electrode that is provided in an ion acceleration region between the ion source and the holder so as to surround a central axis that connects the center of the ion source and a position corresponding to the center of the substrate held by the holder.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a magnetic recording medium sequentially forms a magnetic recording layer, a protection layer, and a lubricant layer on a stacked body. The lubricant layer is formed on a surface of the protection layer by vapor-phase lubrication without exposing the stacked body to atmosphere after forming the protection layer on the stacked body. Nitrogen atoms or oxygen atoms are injected onto the surface of the protection layer after forming the protection layer and before forming the lubricant layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic recording medium having at minimum a magnetic layer, a protective layer and a lubricant agent layer on a non-magnetic substrate in sequential order, in which the protective layer is formed of carbon or silicon carbide, the lubricant agent layer is formed by being in contact with the protective layer, contains compound A shown in the below general formula (1) and compound B, in which the mass ratio (A/B) of the compound A with respect to the compound B is in the range of 0.05 to 0.9 and the average film thickness of the lubricant agent layer is 0.8 nm to 2 nm.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a magnetic recording medium sequentially forms a magnetic recording layer, a protection layer, and a lubricant layer on a stacked body. The lubricant layer is formed by vapor-phase lubrication without exposing the stacked body to atmosphere after forming the protection layer on the stacked body. A region having a gas pressure P3 is provided in a transport path of the stacked body after the formation of the protection layer and before the formation of the lubricant layer, satisfying relationships P3>P1 and P3>P2, where P1 denotes a process gas pressure at a time of forming the protection layer, and P2 denotes a process gas pressure at a time of forming the lubricant layer.

Abstract: Provided is an oxygen reduction catalyst having a high oxygen reduction performance. An oxygen reduction catalyst according to the present embodiment includes a transition metal oxide to which an oxygen defect is introduced, and a layer that is provided on the transition metal oxide and that contains an electron conductive substance. A method for producing an oxygen reduction catalyst according to the present embodiment includes heating a transition metal carbonitride as a starting material in an oxygen-containing mixed gas. In addition, a method for producing an oxygen reduction catalyst according to the present embodiment includes heating a transition-metal phthalocyanine and a carbon fiber powder as starting materials in an oxygen-containing mixed gas.

Abstract: A mobile phone (10) includes a RAM (34), etc., which is capable of downloading contents through a data communication with a network (100). The RAM (34) is stored with a charging condition table (340) in which a per-packet charge is recorded. If a communication charge key (RK) is operated in a state that the content is downloadable, it becomes possible to enter a file size of an image or video content. Then, when the file size is entered, a confirmation screen on which the communication charge necessary for downloading the content and a character string for confirming whether or not the download is to be performed are written is displayed on a display (30).