Abstract: A thiophene derivative of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are a lower alkyl group, Ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group and p is an integer of 1 to 3, or a salt thereof and processes for preparing the same are disclosed. The thiophene derivative (I) is useful as the regulator of gastrointestinal tract motility.

Abstract: A thiophen derivative of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are a lower alkyl group, Ring A is phenyl, a lower alkylenedioxy-substituted phenyl, a phenyl group having 1 to 3 substituent(s) selected from the group consisting of a lower alkyl group, a lower alkylthio group, a lower alkoxy group, a phenyl-lower alkoxy group, a lower alkoxycarbonyl group, a halogen atom, amino group and hydroxy group, X is --OCO--, --O-- or --S--, m and n are an integer of zero or 1, and p and q are an integer of zero, 1 or 2, or a salt thereof.

Abstract: A quinazolinone derivative of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or halogen. Said quinazolinone derivative (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof is useful as central muscle relaxants.

Abstract: N-(2-amino-5-nitrobenzoyl)-o-toluidine is condensed with fluoroacetic acid or a functional derivative thereof. N-(2-fluoroacetamido-5-nitrobenzoyl)-o-toluidine obtained by said condensation reaction is dehydrated to produce 2-fluoromethyl-3-(o-tolyl)-6-nitro-4(3H)-quniazolinone, which is then subjected to reduction reaction. 2-fluoromethyl-3-(o-tolyl)-6-amino-4(3H)-quinazolinone thus obtained and a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof are useful as central muscle relaxants, minor tranquilizers, anti-convulsants, analgesics and/or anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: 2,2'-Cyclocytidine is prepared by reacting cytidine with a functional derivative of silicon, and hydrolyzing the reaction product under acidic conditions. 1-.beta.-D-Arabinofuranosyl cytosine is prepared by reaction of cytidine with a functional derivative of silicon, followed by alkaline hydrolysis of the reaction product. 2,2'-Cyclocytidine and 1-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosyl cytosine are useful as antitumor and antiviral agents.