Abstract: A method for manufacturing a flavor capsule of tobacco according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise: a membrane manufacturing step for manufacturing a membrane of a flavor capsule by a membrane manufacturing part that manufactures a membrane; a capsule manufacturing step for manufacturing the flavor capsule using an apparatus for manufacturing a capsule with the membrane manufactured during the membrane manufacturing step and a flavored liquid to be held in the membrane; and a hardening step for hardening the flavor capsule.

Abstract: A preparation process of 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, including: introducing dicyclopentadiene into a dicyclopentadiene decomposition reactor to thermally decompose the dicyclopentadiene; introducing a product of the above step into a cyclopentadiene purification tower; introducing 1,3-butadiene, a solvent, and cyclopentadiene separated from the top of the cyclopentadiene purification tower into a Diels-Alder reactor to react the same; introducing a product of the immediate above step into a 1,3-butadiene removal tower to recover 1,3-butadiene from the top; introducing a mixture at the bottom of the 1,3-butadiene removal tower into a desolvation tower, and recycling a solvent and unreacted raw materials recovered from the top of the desolvation tower to the dicyclopentadiene decomposition reactor; introducing a mixture at the bottom of the desolvation tower into a 5-vinyl-2-norbornene separation tower to separate 5-vinyl-2-norbornene; and introducing the 5-vinyl-2-norbornene into an isomerization reactor to rea

Abstract: A mixing reactor for heterogeneous fluids includes a first inlet part for introducing a first fluid, a first nozzle to eject the first fluid, a fluid chamber having a first space portion and a second space portion having a larger inner diameter than that of the first space portion, a second inlet part for introducing a second fluid, a second nozzle to eject the second fluid, a mixing chamber, and a third nozzle part to eject the second fluid. In the mixing reactor for heterogeneous fluids, two or more fluids are effectively collided with each other to enhance mixing uniformity, reduce side reactions, and thus improve reaction yield and reaction rate, and allow for simple maintenance and reuse.

Abstract: A wireless measurement device includes a sound acoustic wave (SAW)-based micro sensor converting a wirelessly received pulse signal into an SAW and generating a plurality of pulse signals by reflecting the SAW, and wirelessly transmitting the plurality of pulse signals to measure a variance of an environmental element; and a reader generating and wirelessly transmitting a pulse signal to the SAW-based micro sensor to measure variances in environmental elements.

Abstract: A mixing reactor for heterogeneous fluids includes a first inlet part for introducing a first fluid, a first nozzle to eject the first fluid, a fluid chamber having a first space portion and a second space portion having a larger inner diameter than that of the first space portion, a second inlet part for introducing a second fluid, a second nozzle to eject the second fluid, a mixing chamber, and a third nozzle part to eject the second fluid. In the mixing reactor for heterogeneous fluids, two or more fluids are effectively collided with each other to enhance mixing uniformity, reduce side reactions, and thus improve reaction yield and reaction rate, and allow for simple maintenance and reuse.

Abstract: A wireless measurement device includes a sound acoustic wave (SAW)-based micro sensor converting a wirelessly received pulse signal into an SAW and generating a plurality of pulse signals by reflecting the SAW, and wirelessly transmitting the plurality of pulse signals to measure a variance of an environmental element; and a reader generating and wirelessly transmitting a pulse signal to the SAW-based micro sensor to measure variances in environmental elements.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) receiver and a method of receiving an RF signal are provided. The RF receiver includes a low-noise amplifying unit which amplifies a received signal while restricting out-of-band interference of the received signal, a sampling unit which performs sampling to convert the amplified signal to a discrete time domain signal, a frequency translation unit which down-converts the discrete time domain signal into a frequency band that enables the discrete time domain signal to be converted into a digital signal and restricts interference from a frequency within an aliasing band according to a sampling frequency, an anti-aliasing filtering unit which prevents aliasing from the down-converted signal, a clock unit which provides the sampling unit, the frequency translation unit, and the anti-aliasing filtering unit with sampling frequencies, and an analog-digital-converter which converts the converted signal into the digital signal.

Abstract: An interference signal removing apparatus of a radio frequency (RF) receiver includes a low noise amplification unit which performs low noise amplification, a feedback processing unit which removes a necessary signal in a desired band from a signal output from the low noise amplification unit, and performs feedback of the signal from which the necessary signal is removed, and a signal processing unit which transmits a processed RF signal by synthesizing an input RF signal and the feedback signal to the noise amplification unit.

Abstract: A radio frequency identification (RFID) reader is provided, having a transmitting circuit that generates a transmitted signal to operate an RFID tag, a receiving circuit that receives a received signal including a tag signal from the RFID tag and a transmission carrier leakage signal leaking from the transmitting circuit, and a leakage removing circuit that senses a phase and amplitude of the transmission carrier leakage signal inputted to the receiving circuit, converts the transmitted signal from the transmitting circuit into a signal having a phase opposite to that of the transmission carrier leakage signal and an amplitude equal to that of the transmission carrier leakage signal, and synthesizes the converted signal and the received signal inputted to the receiving circuit.

Abstract: An RF receiver and an RF receiving method are provided using a baseband signal in which a DC offset is removed. In the RF receiver, a noise phase removing unit generates a phase controlled local signal PLOQ in which a phase of a Q signal of a local signal LOQ is controlled, by synthesizing a received RF signal RXIN and the Q signal of the local signal LOQ. A down converter generates a signal in which a DC offset from noise introduced into the received RF signal RXIN is removed, when synthesizing the received RF signal RXIN and the phase controlled local signal PLOQ for frequency-down conversion.

Abstract: A low noise amplifier is provided. The low noise amplifier includes: a low noise amplifying unit amplifying an input signal; a harmonic and noise generating unit disposed in an input terminal of the low noise amplifying unit, for generating a compensating signal for compensating for an intermodulation distortion signal and a thermal noise signal of the input signal to the low noise amplifying unit; and a load unit outputting the amplified input signal generated by the low noise amplifying unit.

Abstract: Provided is a mixer including: an amplifier amplifying an input signal using at least one amplifier element; a mixing unit mixing the input signal amplified by the amplifier with a local oscillator signal output from a local oscillator. The mixing unit includes at least one pair of switching elements switching the amplifier, and the switching elements are MOSFETs having gates and body nodes to which a same local oscillator signal is applied. Thus, a time required for turning on the switching elements can be reduced, and 1/f noise is also reduced. Also, an overdrive voltage can be increased with respect to local oscillator signals having an identical intensity. Thus, a relatively low voltage operation can be performed.

Abstract: An RF receiving apparatus and method which can remove a leakage component in a received signal are provided. In the RF receiving apparatus, a noise removing unit estimates a signal corresponding to a noise component introduced into a received RF signal RXIN by controlling a gain and a phase of a local signal LOI and removes the estimated noise signal from the received RF signal RXIN. An RF signal in which the noise is removed is frequency-down converted in a receiving unit. Also, the noise removing unit utilizes a Q signal of the local signal LOI, LOQ, to control the phase of the local signal LOI.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) receiver and receiving method are provided which can remove a leakage component from a received signal by using a local signal. In the RF receiver, a noise removing unit controls a gain and a phase of a local signal LOI according to a phase THETA and a gain AMPTD detected in a MODEM, estimates a signal Vcal corresponding to a noise component introduced into a received RF signal RXIN, and removes the estimated signal Vcal from the received RF signal RXIN. In this manner, a clean RF signal RXO, which does not include a noise component, is frequency-down converted in a receiving unit.

Abstract: A low noise amplifier is provided. The low noise amplifier includes: a low noise amplifying unit amplifying an input signal; a harmonic and noise generating unit disposed in an input terminal of the low noise amplifying unit, for generating a compensating signal for compensating for an intermodulation distortion signal and a thermal noise signal of the input signal to the low noise amplifying unit; and a load unit outputting the amplified input signal generated by the low noise amplifying unit.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) receiver and a method of receiving an RF signal are provided. The RF receiver includes a low-noise amplifying unit which amplifies a received signal while restricting out-of-band interferer of the received signal, a sampling unit which performs sampling to convert the amplified signal to a discrete time domain signal, a frequency translation unit which down-converts the sampled signal into a frequency band that enables the sampled signal to be converted into a digital signal and restricts interferer from a frequency within an aliasing band according to a sampling frequency, an anti-aliasing filtering unit which prevents aliasing from the down-converted signal, a clock unit which provides the sampling unit, the frequency translation unit, and the anti-aliasing filtering unit with sampling frequencies, and an analog-digital-converter which converts the converted signal into the digital signal.

Abstract: An interference signal removing apparatus of a radio frequency (RF) receiver includes a low noise amplification unit which performs low noise amplification, a feedback processing unit which removes a necessary signal in a desired band from a signal output from the low noise amplification unit, and performs feedback of the signal from which the necessary signal is removed, and a signal processing unit which transmits a processed RF signal by synthesizing an input RF signal and the feedback signal to the noise amplification unit.

Abstract: Provided is an amplifier including: an amplifier circuit receiving differential signals to generate amplified differential signals; a buffer generating buffered signals by buffering each signal generated by controlling a direct current (DC) component of the differential signals; and an impedance matching device coupled between two terminals wherein each of the buffered signals is added with each of the amplified differential signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method capable of interference signal removal is provided. The receiving apparatus includes a signal reception unit, a sampler which samples signal with carrier wave frequency, a signal filter, and a signal combiner.

Abstract: A buffer amplifier, which includes a first differential signal amplifier including first and second NMOSFETs (N-type metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors) amplifying differential input signals; a second differential signal amplifier including first and second PMOSFETs (P-type metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors) amplifying the differential input signals; a first feedback resistor including an end commonly connected to drains of the first NMOSFET and the first PMOSFET and the other end commonly connected to gates of the first NMOSFET and the first PMOSFET; a second feedback resistor including an end commonly connected to drains of the second NMOSFET and the second PMOSFET and the other end commonly connected to gates of the second NMOSFET and the second PMOSFET; and a current source providing a bias current for driving the first and second differential signal amplifiers, is provided.