Abstract: A method and composition for enhancing synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in mitochondria of brain cells of a human includes providing the composition including a synergistic compound of choline cation and succinate anion (2-) in a molar ratio of choline:succinate of 2:1 in the form of dicholine succinate (DiSu) in a daily dosage that synergistically increases ATP levels in brain cells. The method and composition are formulated to affect frequency and/or severity of various conditions by regulating ATP levels in brain cells. The method and composition are formulated to reduce rate of decline in the brain under conditions of cerebral hypoxia, e.g., due to aging, injury, illness, and the similar conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substance of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as a medicament. Further, the invention relates to the substance of formula (I) for use in the therapy of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Still further, the invention relates to a method of treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of the substance of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing symptoms of mental concentration dysfunction, mood dysfunction, and/or stress-related dysfunction. In various examples, the methods include selecting a subject experiencing a symptom of mental concentration dysfunction, mood dysfunction, and/or stress-related dysfunction and providing for consumption by the subject, a nicotinamide composition formulated to reduce a frequency and/or severity of the symptom. The nicotinamide composition includes a first component and a second component. In some examples, the first component includes nicotinamide (NAM), nicotinamide riboside, or nicotinamide mononucleotide and the second component includes one or more salts that provide a choline cation and a succinate anion (2?). In certain examples, the molar ratio of the choline cation:succinate anion (2?):first component is between 2:1:0.01 and 2:1:1.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing symptoms of mental concentration dysfunction, mood dysfunction, and/or stress-related dysfunction. In various examples, the methods include selecting a subject experiencing a symptom of mental concentration dysfunction, mood dysfunction, and/or stress-related dysfunction and providing for consumption by the subject, a nicotinamide composition formulated to reduce a frequency and/or severity of the symptom. The nicotinamide composition includes a first component and a second component. In some examples, the first component includes nicotinamide (NAM), nicotinamide riboside, or nicotinamide mononucleotide and the second component includes one or more compounds that provide a choline cation and a succinate anion (2?). In certain examples, the molar ratio of the choline cation:succinate anion (2?):first component is between 2:1:0.01 and 2:1:1.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing symptoms of mental concentration dysfunction, mood dysfunction, and/or stress-related dysfunction. In various examples, the methods include selecting a subject experiencing a symptom of mental concentration dysfunction, mood dysfunction, and/or stress-related dysfunction and providing for consumption by the subject, a nicotinamide composition formulated to reduce a frequency and/or severity of the symptom. The nicotinamide composition includes a first component and a second component. In some examples, the first component includes nicotinamide (NAM), nicotinamide riboside, or nicotinamide mononucleotide and the second component includes one or more salts that provide a choline cation and a succinate anion (2?). In certain examples, the molar ratio of the choline cation:succinate anion (2?):first component is between 2:1:0.01 and 2:1:1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions, in particular dietary compositions, that comprise a combination of choline cation and succinate anion (2?) and nicotinamide, and use of these compositions for maintaining and enhancing the brain energy metabolism in a human, and for preventing and treating symptoms and physiological conditions associated with an imbalanced, damaged or slowed brain energy metabolism in a human subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions, in particular dietary compositions, that comprise a combination of choline cation and succinate anion (2?) and nicotinamide, and use of these compositions for maintaining and enhancing the brain energy metabolism in a human, and for preventing and treating symptoms and physiological conditions associated with an imbalanced, damaged or slowed brain energy metabolism in a human subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dietary supplements, medical foods, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising an aqueous solution of salt of choline, wherein solution comprises a deuterium depleted water having content of deuterium from about 90 to about 135 ppm and 1H216O isotopologue up to 99.759%, in particular, the invention relates to an aqueous solution of succinate salt of choline, wherein the aqueous solution comprises said deuterium depleted water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dietary supplements, medical foods, or pharmaceutical compositions for use in the method of enhancement of cognitive function in healthy subjects and/or subjects person suffering from a cognitive deficit, comprising aqueous solution of a nutrient, wherein solution comprises a water having content of deuterium from 90 to about 135 ppm and 1H216O isotopologue up to 99.759%. In one embodiment of the invention relates to a succinate salt of choline as the nutrient.

Abstract: Food for the dietary management of burnout comprising a water containing from 0.0002 to 0.0278 mol. % of isotopologue HOD, preferably, from 0.0178 to 0.0278 mol. % of isotopologue HOD. Preferably, the food is selected from a group consisting of solid food, liquid food, beverage, and drinking water. Method of the dietary management of burnout comprising a step of administering to a subject in need thereof the food of the invention.

Abstract: This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising antibodies that specifically bind to the endogenous neuropeptide head activator (NHA) having the sequence of pGlu-Pro-Pro-Gly-Gly-Ser-Lys-Val-Ile-Leu-Phe and neutralize the function of NHA thereby. The invention also provides methods for neutralizing NHA function, and particularly for treating NHA-related disorders (e.g., cancer or cardiovascular diseases) by administering to mammals of the pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for treatment of depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, sleep disorder, or epilepsy comprising monocholine salt of succinic acid of a formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Preferably, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is dicholine salt of succinic acid of a formula (II).

Abstract: The present invention relates to vaccine composition and methods for eliciting a protective immune response in animals against an endogenous peptide of the formula pGlu-Pro-Pro-Gly-Gly-Ser-Lys-Val-Ile-Leu-Phe, the composition comprising an immunizing effective amount of said peptide or conjugates thereof. Further, the invention relates to methods of treating cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and increasing life span in an animal, the methods comprising a step of administering to the animal of the vaccine composition of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical, dermatological, cosmeceutical, or cosmetic compositions comprising (a) interleukin-1 family members consisting of interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-1 family member 5 (delta), interleukin-1 family member 6 (epsilon), interleukin-1 family member 7 (zeta), interleukin-1 family member 8 (eta), interleukin-1 family member 9, interleukin-1 family member 10 (theta), and interleukin-18; (b) a peptide of the general formula (I): Tyr-X1-X2-Phle-X3-X4-Y, wherein X1 is Gly, L-Ala or D-Ala; X2 is Gly, L-Ala or D-Ala; X3 is absent or independently Leu, Met, Iie, or Val; X4 is absent or independently Ala, Asp, Asn, Glu, Gln, Pro, Arg, Gly, Lys, Thr, or Ser; Y is absent or a sequence of 1 to 5 amino acid residues; and acceptable carriers or diluents.

Abstract: Therapeutic compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of C2-8alkyl, R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of C1-8alkyl, R3 is independently selected from the group consisting of H and C1-8alkyl, R4 is independently selected from the group consisting of C1-8alkyl or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, the compounds for use as medicaments, and use of the compounds for the manufacture of specific medicaments. Also, a method of treatment involving administration of the compounds. The compounds are useful for the treatment of age-related disorders accompanied with dysfunctional insulin receptor signaling.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oral care compositions comprising human recombinant interleukin-1 and methods thereof for keeping the oral cavity in a good condition, reducing oral malodor, and/or preventing or treating periodontal diseases. Preferably, the human recombinant interleukin-1 is human recombinant interleukin-1 alpha or beta.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for treatment of depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, sleep disorder, or epilepsy comprising monocholine salt of succinic acid of a formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Preferably, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is dicholine salt of succinic acid of a formula (II).

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical, dermatological, cosmeceutical, or cosmetic compositions comprising (a) interleukin-1 family members consisting of interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-1 family member 5 (delta), interleukin-1 family member 6 (epsilon), interleukin-1 family member 7 (zeta), interleukin-1 family member 8 (eta), interleukin-1 family member 9, interleukin-1 family member 10 (theta), and interleukin-18; (b) a peptide of the general formula (I): Tyr-X1-X2-Phle-X3-X4-Y, wherein X1 is Gly, L-Ala or D-Ala; X2 is Gly, L-Ala or D-Ala; X3 is absent or independently Leu, Met, lie, or Val; X4 is absent or independently Ala, Asp, Asn, Glu, Gln, Pro, Arg, Gly, Lys, Thr, or Ser; Y is absent or a sequence of 1 to 5 amino acid residues; and acceptable carriers or diluents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cosmetic and dermatological methods for treating cellulite, reducing signs of aging skin, and treating stretch marks, the methods comprising applying/administering to the skin of a subject in need thereof the compositions comprising interleukin-1 alpha.

Abstract: This invention relates to thermal spreader incorporated into heat pipe coolers and water coolers for electronic components, said spreader having optimal aspect ratio T/(?S)?0.17 to provide optimal parameters of thermal resistance and lowering noise created by these coolers supplying by operating fans, where T is thickness of said thermal spreader and (?S) is square root of the surface area of the first surface of said thermal spreader. Further, the invention relates to electronic systems comprising said thermal spreader with optimal aspect ratio T/(?S)?0.17 to provide better thermal management of electronic components incorporated into these electronic systems.