Abstract: A see-through transparent (or semi-transparent) near eye optical module includes a transparent sparsely populated near eye display comprising a plurality of pixels or pixel patches and a sparsely populated micro-lens array comprising a plurality of micro-lenses positioned in optical alignment with the plurality of pixels or pixel patches of the sparsely populated transparent near eye display. The sparsely populated transparent near eye display has a pixel fill factor capable of rendering the near eye display at least partially transparent. Light rays originating from outside the transparent sparsely populated near eye module pass through the transparent sparsely populated near eye display and sparsely populated micro-lens array of the transparent near eye module to an eye of a user to form a real image perceived by the user.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the invention, the invention is an augmented reality system that utilizes a near eye see-through optical module that comprises a transparent or semi-transparent see-through near eye display that is in optical alignment with a micro-lens array. According to certain embodiments of the invention, the augmented reality system comprises generating a virtual image as perceived by an eye of a wearer of the augmented reality system when looking at an object in space having a location in the real world that forms a real image. When utilizing a certain embodiment of the invention the virtual image changes, by way of example only, one or more of its shape, form, depth, 3D effect, location due to the eye or eyes shifting its (their) fixation position due to changing the location of different lighted pixels of the see-through near eye display(s).

Abstract: According to embodiments of the invention, the invention is an augmented reality system that utilizes a near eye see-through optical module that comprises a transparent or semi-transparent see-through near eye display that is in optical alignment with a micro-lens array. According to certain embodiments of the invention, the augmented reality system comprises generating a virtual image as perceived by an eye of a wearer of the augmented reality system when looking at an object in space having a location in the real world that forms a real image. When utilizing a certain embodiment of the invention the virtual image changes, by way of example only, one or more of its shape, form, depth, 3D effect, location due to the eye or eyes shifting its (their) fixation position due to changing the location of different lighted pixels of the see-through near eye display(s).

Abstract: A see-through transparent (or semi-transparent) near eye optical module includes a transparent sparsely populated near eye display comprising a plurality of pixels or pixel patches and a sparsely populated micro-lens array comprising a plurality of micro-lenses positioned in optical alignment with the plurality of pixels or pixel patches of the sparsely populated transparent near eye display. The sparsely populated transparent near eye display has a pixel fill factor capable of rendering the near eye display at least partially transparent. Light rays originating from outside the transparent sparsely populated near eye module pass through the transparent sparsely populated near eye display and sparsely populated micro-lens array of the transparent near eye module to an eye of a user to form a real image perceived by the user.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the invention, the invention is an augmented reality system that utilizes a near eye see-through optical module that comprises a transparent or semi-transparent see-through near eye display that is in optical alignment with a micro-lens array. According to certain embodiments of the invention, the augmented reality system comprises generating a virtual image as perceived by an eye of a wearer of the augmented reality system when looking at an object in space having a location in the real world that forms a real image. When utilizing a certain embodiment of the invention the virtual image changes, by way of example only, one or more of its shape, form, depth, 3D effect, location due to the eye or eyes shifting its (their) fixation position due to changing the location of different lighted pixels of the see-through near eye display(s).

Abstract: A see-through transparent (or semi-transparent) near eye optical module includes a transparent sparsely populated near eye display comprising a plurality of pixels or pixel patches and a sparsely populated micro-lens array comprising a plurality of micro-lenses positioned in optical alignment with the plurality of pixels or pixel patches of the sparsely populated transparent near eye display. The sparsely populated transparent near eye display has a pixel fill factor capable of rendering the near eye display at least partially transparent. Light rays originating from outside the transparent sparsely populated near eye module pass through the transparent sparsely populated near eye display and sparsely populated micro-lens array of the transparent near eye module to an eye of a user to form a real image perceived by the user.

Abstract: A near-eye display including a light source, an optical system, and a phase map including multiple pixels. The optical system is configured to receive illumination light from the light source and output the illumination light as an in-phase wavefront. Control logic of the near-eye display is coupled to variously program different phase patterns of the phase map at different times. The phase patterns are each to variously adjust phases of respective portions of the in-phase wavefront. For each of the phase patterns, the phase map is to form a different respective image in response to being illuminated by the in-phase wavefront.

Abstract: Systems and processes for measurement of the eyelid movements of a subject, which explores eyelids' electrical conductivity, namely the established fact that eyelids are acting as sliding electrodes moving over the cornea, is comprised of a system for generating a high frequency weak and harmless oscillating electromagnetic field in the proximity of the eyelid movement path without interference with the vision or activity of any such subject, therefore induces so-called Eddy Currents in the eyelid, which in its turn produce its own electromagnetic field with a value depended on the eyelid position; the interaction between the basic oscillating electromagnetic field and the field generated by the eyelid is changing electromagnetic field inductance, which will be measured with very high accuracy by means of resonance sensing electronics; such systems can transmit data from its detecting electronics to a remote monitor that compels no restrictions on operator activity.

Abstract: A contact lens includes a transparent material, a substrate material, a light source, an optical system, and a phase map. The transparent material has an eye-side opposite an external side. The eye-side is curved to fit the human eye. The light source is configured to emit illumination light. The optical system is configured to receive the illumination light from the light source and output the illumination light as an in-phase wavefront. The phase map is configured to adjust a phase of the in-phase wavefront to form an image at a retina-distance in response to being illuminated by the in-phase wavefront. The phase map is pre-recorded with a phase pattern that is included in the image.

Abstract: A near-eye display includes a light source, an optical system, and a phase map. The light source emits illumination light. The optical system is configured to receive the illumination light from the light source and output the illumination light as an in-phase wavefront. The phase map is configured to adjust a phase of the in-phase wavefront to form an image in response to being illuminated by the in-phase wavefront. The phase map is pre-recorded with a phase pattern that generates the image.

Abstract: Systems and processes for measurement of the eyelid movements of a subject, which explores eyelids' electrical conductivity, namely the established fact that eyelids are acting as sliding electrodes moving over the cornea, is comprised of a system for generating a high frequency weak and harmless oscillating electromagnetic field in the proximity of the eyelid movement path without interference with the vision or activity of any such subject, therefore induces so-called Eddy Currents in the eyelid, which in its turn produce its own electromagnetic field with a value depended on the eyelid position; the interaction between the basic oscillating electromagnetic field and the field generated by the eyelid is changing electromagnetic field inductance, which will be measured with very high accuracy by means of resonance sensing electronics; such systems can transmit data from its detecting electronics to a remote monitor that compels no restrictions on operator activity.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to methods and apparatus useful in the nanopatterning of large area substrates, where a rotatable mask is used to image a radiation-sensitive material. Typically the rotatable mask comprises a cylinder. The nanopatterning technique makes use of Near-Field photolithography, where the mask used to pattern the substrate is in contact or close proximity with the substrate. The Near-Field photolithography may make use of an elastomeric phase-shifting mask, or may employ surface plasmon technology, where a rotating cylinder surface comprises metal nano holes or nanoparticles.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to methods and apparatus useful in the nanopatterning of large area substrates, where a rotatable mask is used to image a radiation-sensitive material. Typically the rotatable mask comprises a cylinder. The nanopatterning technique makes use of Near-Field photolithography, where the mask used to pattern the substrate is in contact or close proximity with the substrate. The Near-Field photolithography may make use of an elastomeric phase-shifting mask, or may employ surface plasmon technology, where a rotating cylinder surface comprises metal nano holes or nanoparticles.

Abstract: A chuck for supporting a wafer and maintaining a constant background temperature across the wafer during laser thermal processing (LTP) is disclosed. The chuck includes a heat sink and a thermal mass in the form of a heater module. The heater module is in thermal communication with the heat sink, but is physically separated therefrom by a thermal insulator layer. The thermal insulator maintains a substantially constant power loss at least equal to the maximum power delivered by the laser, less that lost by radiation and convection. A top plate is arranged atop the heater module, supports the wafer to be processed, and provides a contamination barrier. The heater module is coupled to a power supply that is adapted to provide varying amounts of power to the heater module to maintain the heater module at the constant background temperature even when the wafer experiences a spatially and temporally varying heat load from an LTP laser beam.

Abstract: Chuck methods and apparatus for supporting a semiconductor substrate and maintaining it at a substantially constant background temperature even when subject to a spatially and temporally varying thermal load. Chuck includes a thermal compensating heater module having a sealed chamber containing heater elements, a wick, and an alkali metal liquid/vapor. The chamber employs heat pipe principles to equalize temperature differences in the module. The spatially varying thermal load is quickly made uniform by thermal conductivity of the heater module. Heatsinking a constant amount of heat from the bottom of the heater module accommodates large temporal variations in the thermal heat load. Constant heat loss is preferably made to be at least as large as the maximum variation in the input heat load, less heat lost through radiation and convection, thus requiring a heat input through electrical heating elements. This allows for temperature control of the chuck, and hence the substrate.

Abstract: Systems and methods for stabilizing a CO2 laser are disclosed. The system includes a detector unit for measuring the power in a select portion of the output beam. The detector unit generates an electrical signal corresponding to the measured power. The modulation frequency of the signal used to modulate the relatively high-frequency radio-frequency (RF) pump signal is filtered from the electrical signal. The filtered electrical signal is then-compared to a desired value for the output power in the output beam. Based on the comparison, a modulation control signal for modulating the RF pump signal is formed. The modulation control signal has a varying duty cycle that varies the amount of laser pump power to reduce or eliminate the measured variations in the output beam power. The result is an output beam power that remains stable over time.

Abstract: Systems and methods for stabilizing a CO2 laser are disclosed. The system includes a detector unit for measuring the power in a select portion of the output beam. The detector unit generates an electrical signal corresponding to the measured power. The modulation frequency of the signal used to modulate the relatively high-frequency radio-frequency (RF) pump signal is filtered from the electrical signal. The filtered electrical signal is then compared to a desired value for the output power in the output beam. Based on the comparison, a modulation control signal for modulating the RF pump signal is formed. The modulation control signal has a varying duty cycle that varies the amount of laser pump power to reduce or eliminate the measured variations in the output beam power. The result is an output beam power that remains stable over time.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for truncating an image formed with coherent radiation. The optical relay system is adapted to form a line image at the image plane. The image is truncated by a variable aperture at or near the aperture plane conjugate to the image plane, to block progressively increasing portions of an incident coherent radiation beam used to form the line image. An apodizing pupil filter having a maximum transmission or reflection in the center and a transmission or reflection profile that varies with direction corresponding to long direction of the line image is provided in the pupil plane. The apodization is designed to prevent hot-spots from forming in the truncated image and ensures a relatively smooth, flat intensity profile. Thus, one end or another of a coherent line image scanned over a substrate can be truncated during scanning without substantially changing the image intensity extending into the product area.

Abstract: Chuck methods and apparatus for supporting a semiconductor substrate and maintaining it at a substantially constant background temperature even when subject to a spatially and temporally varying thermal load. Chuck includes a thermal compensating heater module having a sealed chamber containing heater elements, a wick, and an alkali metal liquid/vapor. The chamber employs heat pipe principles to equalize temperature differences in the module. The spatially varying thermal load is quickly made uniform by thermal conductivity of the heater module. Heatsinking a constant amount of heat from the bottom of the heater module accommodates large temporal variations in the thermal heat load. Constant heat loss is preferably made to be at least as large as the maximum variation in the input heat load, less heat lost through radiation and convection, thus requiring a heat input through electrical heating elements. This allows for temperature control of the chuck, and hence the substrate.

Abstract: Systems and methods for stabilizing a CO2 laser are disclosed. The system includes a detector unit for measuring the power in a select portion of the output beam. The detector unit generates an electrical signal corresponding to the measured power. The modulation frequency of the signal used to modulate the relatively high-frequency radio-frequency (RF) pump signal is filtered from the electrical signal. The filtered electrical signal is then compared to a desired value for the output power in the output beam. Based on the comparison, a modulation control signal for modulating the RF pump signal is formed. The modulation control signal has a varying duty cycle that varies the amount of laser pump power to reduce or eliminate the measured variations in the output beam power. The result is an output beam power that remains stable over time.