Abstract: The invention discloses adaptive method for manufacturing of parts of the similar complex shape by using hot isostatic pressing of powder materials and irreversibly deformable capsules and inserts utilized as adaptation tools. The method is based on creation of a virtual part by mathematical computer modeling of densification and shrinkage; manufacturing of a test part; determination of discrepancies between manufactured test part and virtual test part; adaptation of mathematical model by virtual iterations so that discrepancies between manufactured and virtual and parts are minimized; manufacturing of every complex shape part of the given group by using adoptive method skipping the step of manufacturing a test part.

Abstract: The invention discloses adaptive method for manufacturing of parts of the similar complex shape by using hot isostatic pressing of powder materials and irreversibly deformable capsules and inserts utilized as adaptation tools. The method is based on creation of a virtual part by mathematical computer modeling of densification and shrinkage; manufacturing of a test part; determination of discrepancies between manufactured test part and virtual test part; adaptation of mathematical model by virtual iterations so that discrepancies between manufactured and virtual and parts are minimized; manufacturing of every complex shape part of the given group by using adoptive method skipping the step of manufacturing a test part.

Abstract: Two general effects of laser radiation interaction with balloon surface material or with gases surrounding or filling balloons are used for the play: the destruction and the shift of the inflated balloons. The kind of the laser-material interaction is selected depending on the game structure so that the desirable effect is produced by the minimal laser energy. The energy minimization is provided by the selection of the surface properties, the laser radiation parameters, the characteristics of the gases surrounding and inflating balloons, and the creation of the gas pressure inside the balloons. The desirable effects are generated by absorption of the used laser radiation or by laser-induced breakdown.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing complex shape parts including parts with cavities from powder materials by Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) with controlled pressure inside the HIP tooling and multi-layer inserts including hollow inserts. Controlled pressure inside the HIP tooling is provided by injecting the HIP gas media into the cavities of the hollow inserts.

Abstract: Method and system for manufacturing multi-component complex shape parts consisting of monolithic and powder materials working at different performance conditions based on hot isostatic pressing of the monolithic elements and powder material including preliminary heat treatment of the said monolithic elements of the multi-component part wherein they are a subject to high temperature solution treatment at elevated isostatic gas pressure followed by quenching in order to homogenize their material, to dissolve residual cast eutectic and to provide the micro-structure and the properties insensitive and steady during the subsequent HIP and heat treatment of the powder material.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods and laser-computer graphics systems for producing images such as portraits and 3-D sculptures formed from laser light created etch points inside an optically transparent material are disclosed. One or more embodiments of the invention comprise a method and system for simultaneously producing one or more etch points in first and second objects. In accordance with a method, a main beam is split into first and second beams, each beam having an energy level greater than that necessary to cause a breakdown in the material comprising the first and second objects. The first and second beams are directed at focal points within the first and second objects, generating etch points simultaneously therein. One or more embodiments of the invention comprise methods and systems for generating images in first and second objects. In one or more embodiments, the images are comprised of etch points having multiple gray shades and/or of etch points having iridescent qualities.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing complex shape parts including parts with cavities from powder materials by Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) with controlled pressure inside the HIP tooling and multi-layer inserts including hollow inserts. Controlled pressure inside the HIP tooling is provided by injecting the HIP gas media into the cavities of the hollow inserts.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method wherein balloons with special shapes, surface materials and gases, which fill the balloons, are used for production of color dynamic visual effects generated by laser radiation. The visual effects include the creation of dynamic laser pictures on and inside the balloons, the generation of movement of the balloons at the desirable directions, and the destruction of the balloons. Destruction of the balloons is accompanied with desirable dynamic visual effects (blowing off, fragmentation, burning, and explosion) and can be produced so that if an inflated object contains other inflated objects then the internal inflated objects are not damaged and they can move freely at ambient space. Movement of a balloon is produced by creation of a gas flow from a hole, which is produced by laser radiation in a surface of a special auxiliary part of the general balloon.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method and system for creation of fireworks and laser show by generating effects of laser-material interaction and in particular by generating laser-induced breakdowns. The fireworks have the following particulars: each spark can be created at the pre-set position; the time existing and brightness of each spark can be controlled; each spark can have desirable speed and the trajectory movement; the laser-induced fireworks can reproduce any desirable spark arrangement, in particular 2D, 3D images or an abstract pictures. A method for creation of a laser show is founded on the use of a combination of the effects accompanying the laser-induced breakdowns and other laser-material interaction phenomenon. A method discloses the laser show which uses of the inflated balloons having special shapes and characteristics needed for the production of the desirable visual effects generated by laser radiation. A system for creation of fireworks and laser show is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention discloses a laser-dynamic system which is used for game with the light inflated balloons. The system and corresponding method are based on the effects accompanying interaction of laser radiation with balloon surface material or with the gases surrounding or inflating the balloons. In principal two general effects used for the play: the destruction and the shift of the inflated balloons. The kind of the laser-material interaction is selected depending on the game structure so that the desirable effect is produced by the minimal laser energy. The energy minimization is provided by the selection of the surface properties, the laser radiation parameters, the characteristics of the gases surrounding and inflating balloons, and the creation of the gas pressure inside the balloons. The desirable effects are generated by absorption of the used laser radiation or by laser-induced breakdown.

Abstract: One or more embodiments of the invention comprise a method for production of laser-induced images inside liquids. These images are arrangement of sparks or bubbles, or their combination, which created by the laser-induced breakdowns at the predetermining liquid areas. A method for production of high resolution laser-induced images inside liquids by the generation of the breakdowns accompanying with the decreasing shock waves is disclosed. Another embodiment of the invention comprises a method for production of the motion laser-induced images inside liquid. These images are the successions of the small light sources arrangements which replace one another in accordance with the life time of these sources (bubbles or sparks) and in accordance with human eye inertia.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the methods and the multifunctional systems which are capable to produce the laser-induced images both on the surfaces of the various materials and inside the transparent materials. The method and multifunctional system are based on using different kinds of the laser-material interaction including: heating, melting, vaporization, material removal by shock waves, breakdown and photoionization. The method and system can also use a combination of the laser-material interaction effects and provide creating images containing marks of the different optical properties. The method includes the selection of the needed kinds of laser-material interaction, determination of laser radiation parameters for generation of desirable interaction kind and transformation of the original image into corresponding arrangements of points at which the needed laser-material interaction is generated.

Abstract: One or more embodiments of the invention comprise a method for creating breakdown sparks of needed brightness, sizes and duration by controlling pulse energy, pulse width, pulse duration, wavelength, temporal shape and space structure of laser radiation. Method for transformation of a dynamic image into succession of points arrangements for gaseous medium, at which breakdown sparks are produced, is disclosed. One or more embodiments of the invention comprise a method and a system for production of dynamic laser-induced images inside gaseous medium. These images are configurations of sparks which are changed by controlling the points of the gaseous medium at which the laser breakdowns are generated.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and a system for production of laser-induced color images which are able to change their characteristics during observation. In particular, they can change brightness, hue and saturation of color for the whole image and for its separate fragments. These effects are provided by special processing of the color image and by the transformation of the image into superposition of several primary color images and its fragments. These primary color images and their primary color fragments are transformed into arrangements of points, at which laser-induced marks are produced. Special location of laser-induced damages inside a transparent material and controlled illumination of these damages provide creation of laser-induced color images with changeable characteristics.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for creating laser-induced images inside transparent materials and on their surfaces are disclosed. The method is founded on the production of etch points by creating breakdowns at the predetermined points inside transparent material and by creating breakdowns at the predetermined points of the air or another environment. Mark areas on the transparent material surfaces are the frost areas and a surface image is an arrangement of the frost areas of different density. Such frost areas on the surface of a transparent material are produced by the plasma generated during breakdowns. A method and a system for controlling characteristics of plasma generated during breakdowns for controlling the parameters of the frost areas arisen under interaction of the plasma with the surface of the transparent material are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention disclose a method for transformation of images into arrangement of laser-induced images and location of these damages inside a transparent material so that it is possible to see right color images by illuminating the said transparent material by corresponding color light.

Abstract: Method and system for manufacturing multi-component complex shape parts consisting of monolithic and powder materials working at different performance conditions based on hot isostatic pressing of the monolithic elements and powder material including preliminary heat treatment of the said monolithic elements of the multi-component part wherein they are a subject to high temperature solution treatment at elevated isostatic gas pressure followed by quenching in order to homogenize their material, to dissolve residual cast eutectic and to provide the micro-structure and the properties insensitive and steady during the subsequent HIP and heat treatment of the powder material.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods and an apparatus for creating laser-induced images inside transparent materials and its surface are disclosed. One or more embodiments of the invention comprise a method for producing etch points by creating breakdowns at the predetermined points inside transparent material and by creating breakdowns at the predetermined points of the air or another environment. One or more embodiments of the invention comprise a method for producing mark areas on a surface of transparent material as the frost areas and production images by creating the frost areas of different density. One or more embodiments of the invention comprise a method for producing the frost areas on the surface of a transparent material by using plasma generated during breakdowns.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing complex shape parts including parts with cavities from powder materials by Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) with controlled pressure inside the HUP tooling and multi-layer inserts including hollow inserts. Controlled pressure inside the HIP tooling is provided by injecting the HIP gas media into the cavities of the hollow inserts.