Abstract: This invention enables broad commercial use of heat pipe technology in designs ranging from traditional outdoor apparel to high-end sport garments and special tasks garments. Heat pipes of popular mesh or velvet patterns provides integrated heat sink functionality that decreases weight, size and cost of thermal designs. Products of the invention are lightweight, flexible and even elastic that provides maximum comfort to their users.

Abstract: An electrical assembly comprising plurality of heat producing devices in direct thermal contact with perforated heat pipe film. Direct benefits of this invention for circuit board packages are weight reduction, volume reduction, increase of allowable heat dissipation.

Abstract: Invention disclosures novel design of structural components and fasteners that in addition to sound mechanical strength reveal excellent thermal characteristics, which allows using them as super efficient heat sinking/management solutions.

Abstract: A high-speed and extremely large range positioning apparatus capable of producing motions in multiple dimensions with high precision and very high reliability. An ultra fast absolute position sensor providing instantaneous position readings with sub nanometer precision on full range of relative positions. A set of optical encoding schemas providing high encoding density and extremely fast decoding regardless of their planar positions.