Abstract: A system includes a power supply and a light coupled to the power supply and including a plurality of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The plurality of LEDs includes a first LED that has a first wavelength and a second LED that has a second wavelength that is different from the first wavelength. A first number of the first LED is greater than a second number of the second LED.

Abstract: A calibration amplifier includes: a plurality of transistors and a variable resistor configured to change in response to clock pulses. During a calibration cycle, one of the plurality of transistors switches on in each calibration step based on a plurality of enable signals, and a gain of the calibration amplifier changes until an output voltage of the calibration amplifier exceeds a reference voltage and is set to a calibrated gain. The calibration amplifier outputs the output voltage by amplifying an input voltage using the calibrated gain.

Abstract: A power blackout sensing system includes: a voltage regulator configured to receive one of three phase wires and a neutral wire of a primary power source that provides an alternating current (AC) power; a sensing block configured to receive the neutral wire of the primary power source and comprising a coupled inductor device and a voltage sense amplifier; and a secondary power source. The voltage regulator is coupled to a switch and generates a direct current (DC) voltage signal. The coupled inductor device of the sensing block comprises a pull-down resistor, wherein the coupled inductor device is configured to convert a voltage signal of the neutral wire to a 180-degree phase-shifted voltage signal of the neutral wire and generate a reference voltage signal using the pull-down resistor. The voltage sense amplifier is configured to amplify a voltage gap between the 180-degree phase-shifted voltage signal of the neutral wire and the reference voltage signal.

Abstract: A power black-out sensing system includes: a primary power source providing an alternating current (AC) power using three phase wires and a neutral wire; a secondary power source; a sensing block comprising one or more sensing elements; and a rectifier configured to rectify the AC power from the primary power source and providing a rectified power to the sensing block voltage detector. Two wires of the three phases wires and the neutral wire of the primary power source are connected to rectifier, and a first wire of the two wires is connected to the rectifier via a switch and a second wire of the two wires is directly connected to the rectifier. The sensing block detects a phantom voltage and provides an output signal corresponding the secondary power source during a blackout period.

Abstract: A power blackout sensing system includes: a voltage regulator configured to receive one of three phase wires and a neutral wire of a primary power source that provides an alternating current (AC) power; a sensing block configured to receive the neutral wire of the primary power source and comprising a coupled inductor device and a voltage sense amplifier; and a secondary power source. The voltage regulator is coupled to a switch and generates a direct current (DC) voltage signal. The coupled inductor device of the sensing block comprises a pull-down resistor, wherein the coupled inductor device is configured to convert a voltage signal of the neutral wire to a 180-degree phase-shifted voltage signal of the neutral wire and generate a reference voltage signal using the pull-down resistor. The voltage sense amplifier is configured to amplify a voltage gap between the 180-degree phase-shifted voltage signal of the neutral wire and the reference voltage signal.

Abstract: A power black-out sensing system includes: a primary power source providing an alternating current (AC) power using three phase wires and a neutral wire; a secondary power source; a sensing block comprising one or more sensing elements; and a rectifier configured to rectify the AC power from the primary power source and providing a rectified power to the sensing block voltage detector. Two wires of the three phases wires and the neutral wire of the primary power source are connected to rectifier, and a first wire of the two wires is connected to the rectifier via a switch and a second wire of the two wires is directly connected to the rectifier. The sensing block detects a phantom voltage and provides an output signal corresponding the secondary power source during a blackout period.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electric lamp apparatus, and more particularly to an electric lamp apparatus, in which an electric lamp is configured to emit light with power charged in a battery when power is shut down, so that the electric lamp can be used as an emergency light and no additional work is separately needed for constructing the emergency light, thereby reducing costs, time and effort to be taken in constructing the emergency light.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electric lamp apparatus, and more particularly to an electric lamp apparatus, in which an electric lamp is configured to emit light with power charged in a battery when power is shut down, so that the electric lamp can be used as an emergency light and no additional work is separately needed for constructing the emergency light, thereby reducing costs, time and effort to be taken in constructing the emergency light.

Abstract: Internal voltage generation circuits are provided. The internal voltage generation circuit includes a drive controller and an initialization unit. The drive controller detects a level of an internal voltage signal in response to a reference voltage signal to generate a drive signal and drives the internal voltage signal in response to the drive signal. The initialization unit initializes the drive signal in synchronization with an internal command signal and terminates an initialization of the drive signal during a predetermined period.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices are provided. The semiconductor device includes a voltage generation control circuit, a read voltage generator, and a control data storage unit. The voltage generation control circuit generates a voltage control signal enabled during a boot-up operation and disabled after the boot-up operation. The read voltage generator generates a read voltage signal in response to a read signal and the voltage control signal. The control data storage unit executes the boot-up operation in response to the read voltage signal, a row address signal and a column address signal to transmit control data to a first data latch unit and a second data latch unit.

Abstract: Internal voltage generation circuits are provided. The internal voltage generation circuit includes a drive controller and an initialization unit. The drive controller detects a level of an internal voltage signal in response to a reference voltage signal to generate a drive signal and drives the internal voltage signal in response to the drive signal. The initialization unit initializes the drive signal in synchronization with an internal command signal and terminates an initialization of the drive signal during a predetermined period.

Abstract: Level detection circuit includes a reference voltage generator, a level signal generator, and a comparator. The reference voltage generator includes a temperature dependent element and generates a reference voltage signal whose level varies according to a temperature characteristic of the temperature dependent element. The level signal generator includes a temperature compensation element and generates a level signal from a target voltage signal. A level of the level signal varies according to a temperature characteristic of the temperature compensation element. The comparator compares a level of the level signal with a level of the reference voltage signal to generate a detection voltage signal.

Abstract: The semiconductor device includes a start signal generation circuit and a boot-up operation circuit. The start signal generation circuit detects a level of an external voltage signal to generate a pre-detection signal; executes a differential amplification operation of a voltage difference between the external voltage signal and a reference voltage signal to generate a first detection signal; detects a level of an internal voltage signal to generate a second detection signal, and generates a start signal in response to the first and second detection signals. The boot-up operation circuit executes a boot-up operation in response to the start signal.

Abstract: A semiconductor device connected to a bus consisting of a plurality of signal lines, comprises a first pad connected with a discrete resistor corresponding to the impedance of the signal lines, a plurality of second pads respectively connected with the signal lines, a reference voltage generator for generating a reference voltage, a comparator for comparing the voltage on the first pad with the reference voltage to generate a control signal, a code generator for generating a code signal according to the control signal, a current source for supplying the first pad with variable current according to the code signal, and a data driver for driving data signals to the signal lines connected with the second pads according to the code signal. The code signal is used to match the impedance of the data driver with the impedance of the signal lines.

Abstract: Redundancy decoding systems and methods for integrated circuit memory devices synchronize a redundancy decoding signal to allow the redundancy decoding signal to be output during an enabling period and to prevent output of the redundancy decoding signal otherwise. In particular, a redundancy decoder is synchronized to an output buffer so that the redundancy decoder generates a redundancy decoding signal during a time period which is independent of the identity of the programmed address. Accordingly, high speed selection of a redundancy word line is provided in synchronism with the conventional word line selection, so that address skew and improper operation of the redundancy system relative to the normal word line selection system is prevented.