Abstract: A method of reforming a heavy hydrocarbon distillate, which includes treating a heavy hydrocarbon distillate and a lignocellulosic biomass with a solvent, is provided. The method can be useful in maximizing conversion of the heavy hydrocarbon distillate into higher value-added distillate, for example, naphtha and a middle distillate, and allowing a sulfur compound produced by the decomposition of a heavy hydrocarbon distillate to catalyze pretreatment of the lignocellulosic biomass. Also, oxygen, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), levulinic acid, formic acid, and sulfuric acid produced by decomposition of the lignocellulosic biomass can catalyze decomposition of a heavy hydrocarbon distillate and lignocellulosic biomass, thereby activating decomposition of a heavy hydrocarbon distillate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a diaromatic amino acid substrate for cathepsin detection. When the substrate used for cathepsin detection is a polymer resulting from the binding of a protease-preferred amino acid and quencher to a diaromatic amino acid, cathepsin can be detected sensitively and accurately by fluorescence because cathepsin causes the protease-preferred amino acid and quencher to dissociate from the diaromatic amino acid, and fluorescence is recovered during this time.

Abstract: A method of reforming a heavy hydrocarbon distillate, which includes treating a heavy hydrocarbon distillate and a lignocellulosic biomass with a solvent, is provided. The method can be useful in maximizing conversion of the heavy hydrocarbon distillate into higher value-added distillate, for example, naphtha and a middle distillate, and allowing a sulfur compound produced by the decomposition of a heavy hydrocarbon distillate to catalyze pretreatment of the lignocellulosic biomass. Also, oxygen, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), levulinic acid, formic acid, and sulfuric acid produced by decomposition of the lignocellulosic biomass can catalyze decomposition of a heavy hydrocarbon distillate and lignocellulosic biomass, thereby activating decomposition of a heavy hydrocarbon distillate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for biologically treating carbon dioxide using the sulfur-oxidizing chemolithoautotroph Sulfurovum lithotrophicum 42BKT. The method of the present invention may enable carbon dioxide to be fixed or converted in high-concentration and high-pressure conditions which do not allow the biological photosynthetic conversion of microalgae or the like, and may exhibit high efficiency in the fixation of carbon dioxide as compared to existing methods for biologically treating carbon dioxide using microalgae. Further, the method of the present invention may use a gas mixture without a process of separating nitrogen and other gases, thus simplifying the process of the fixation or conversion of carbon diode.