Abstract: An electromagnetic valve manifold includes valve assemblies arranged in a single direction, each valve assembly including electromagnetic valves arranged in the single direction, a slave station disposed at one of ends of the electromagnetic valve manifold in the single direction, and a valve driving unit disposed in correspondence with each of the valve assemblies. The slave station includes a slave station output port that sends a control signal and valve driving unit power to the valve driving units. The valve driving units each include an electromagnetic valve power input port that receives electromagnetic valve power from an external device and a circuit board configured to control driving of the electromagnetic valves of a corresponding one of the valve assemblies using the control signal and send the electromagnetic valve power to the electromagnetic valves.

Abstract: A superconductive magnet comprised of a bulk member or sheet member of a type II superconductive material, wherein a distribution of the magnetic flux density component vertical to the surface directly above the surface of the bulk member or sheet member (a) has a maximum value at a center of said bulk member or sheet member and is about zero at its side edge, and (b) has at least one minimal value point between said center and side edge. A superconductor is cooled to not more than a critical temperature after applying a magnetic field Hex1 [A/m] near the magnetic field generation system in the normal conductive state, then the applied magnetic field is reduced to zero, then a magnetic field is applied until the applied magnetic field becomes ?Hex2 [A/m] in the opposite direction to the trapped magnetic flux to make the trapped magnetic flux density Bin0 [T], then the applied magnetic field is again returned to zero, where Hex1>0 and Hex2>0.

Abstract: A power lead for electrically connecting a superconducting coil with a power supply, comprising thermoelectric cooling means, said means including at least an N-type thermoelectric member and a P-type thermoelectric member, being electrically connected to a positive side and a negative side of said power supply, respectively.

Abstract: A power lead for electrically connecting a superconducting coil with a power supply, comprising thermoelectric cooling means, said means including at least an N-type thermoelectric member and a P-type thermoelectric member, being electrically connected to a positive side and a negative side of said power supply, respectively.

Abstract: A device for producing a uniform, parallel, intensity-variable magnetic field includes at least one coil and/or permanent magnet for producing a magnetic field, and a cylinder which contains a superconductor and which has a slit extending parallel to its axial direction. The axis of the coil and/or the permanent magnet and the axis of the cylinder are parallel to each other. The superconductor is a type II superconductor which has a critical current density not equal to zero under a magnetic field higher than its lower critical magnetic field. Furthermore, the cylinder may comprise several superconductor sheets joined together into a cylindrical shape or a superconductor-containing sheet which is wound spirally about itself or is rolled up several times about itself in the form of a hollow cylinder.

Abstract: The present invention is characterized by a superconducting magnetic shield comprising a seamless, bottomless hollow body or a seamless hollow body having a bottom, the hollow body having a wall comprised of, in the thickness direction thereof, at least one laminate structure comprising a unit of two layers of an Nb--Ti-base alloy layer and a metal layer having a high conductivity or three layers of the above two layers and a barrier layer sandwiched therebetween; a process for preparing a magnetic shield which comprises subjecting the magnetic shielding material to a heat treatment after deep drawing; and a process for preparing the magnetic shielding material.

Abstract: The developing device, which is capable of mixing developers with magnetic toners and capable of providing the developers having a uniform magnetic toner density to a photoconductor for a copying machine, the device having a developing tank which contains a roller composed of a sleeve and a magnetic body with the magnetic body being disposed inside of the sleeve concentrically and rotatably with respect to each other, the device also having a magnetic toner supply tank disposed adjacent to the developing tank for supplying the magnetic toners to the developing tank through a toner supply port, the developing device includes a unit coupled to the developing tank for controlling an amount of the developers to be supplied to the sleeve, and a unit disposed between the toner supply port and the control unit for scraping the developers from the sleeve.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming apparatus having a photoreceptor for forming an electrostatic image thereon corresponding to an original, a main charger for uniformly charging the photoreceptor to a specific polarity interchangeable developer units each containing a toner or developer capable of being charged to the same polarity as that of the main charger, a transference charger for transferring the toner image from the surface of the photoreceptor, optimally charge removal charger and switching devices for changing the polarities of a voltage applied to the transference charger and charge removal charger.

Abstract: A copying machine utilizing a generally endless photoreceptor belt trained between reduced and large diameter rolls. At least one of the rolls is drivingly coupled with a drive unit and is driven at a low speed when and so long as the machine is in a standby condition to avoid localized heating of the photoreceptor belt.

Abstract: Disclosed is an extremely convenient copying machine for performing copying operations using a selected color toner of internally provided color toner developer containers, which copying machine effectively provides means for cumulatively counting the number of copied papers processed by each color toner developer container. The preferred embodiment provides a plurality of counters for counting the number of copied papers provided for each color toner developer container, and feeds the counter pulses generated in each copying cycle to these counters according to the selected color of the internally installed color toner developer containers. A display unit is also provided so that the actual number of copied papers processed by each color toner developer container can be cumulatively displayed as required.

Abstract: A large number of fine electrical conductor wires (5, 6) are densely packed in a tube (1). The electric conductor wires (5, 6) occupy 50% to 85% of the cross-sectional area of the inside of the tube (1) and are uniformly distributed over the cross-section. The electric conductor wires are preferably either twisted (5) or woven (6).

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying machine includes a combined developing-cleaning magnetic brush element. When the copy sheet is smaller than half the size of a photosensitive drum surface, two sheets of copy are obtained by three revolutions of the photosensitive drum in a multi-copy mode. During the first revolution of the photosensitive drum, the combined developing-cleaning magnetic brush element conducts the developing operation onto a first half section of the photosensitive drum and conducts the cleaning operation onto a second half section of the photosensitive drum. During the second revolution of the photosensitive drum, the first half section is cleaned and the second half section is developed. During the third revolution of the photosensitive drum, the first and second half sections are cleaned by the combined developing-cleaning magnetic brush element.

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying machine includes a housing which is separated into an upper body and a lower body along a path of a copy paper in order to facilitate the removal of a jammed paper. When the housing is separated into the upper and lower bodies, a light memory effect is created on a photosensitive drum due to the ambient light. When the upper body is closed after removal of the jammed paper, a light memory removing operation is conducted, wherein a transcription unit and an erase unit are activated without transferring a copy paper.