Abstract: A lens shape measuring apparatus is provided which comprises lens rotating shafts (16, 17) for rotatably holding an uncut lens, a feeler (63, 219, 220) disposed in contact with a working locus of the front or rear surface of the lens, and a calculation/control circuit (100) for detecting a difference in surface level of the lens from a change in data measured by the feeler (63, 219, 220) and controlling the contact of the feeler with the lens.

Abstract: A lens shape measuring apparatus is provided which comprises lens rotating shafts (16, 17) for rotatably holding an uncut lens, a feeler (63, 219, 220) disposed in contact with a working locus of the front or rear surface of the lens, and a calculation/control circuit (100) for detecting a difference in surface level of the lens from a change in data measured by the feeler (63, 219, 220) and controlling the contact of the feeler with the lens.

Abstract: A lens shape measuring apparatus is provided which comprises lens rotating shafts (16, 17) for rotatably holding an uncut lens, a feeler (63, 219, 220) disposed in contact with a working locus of the front or rear surface of the lens, and a calculation/control circuit (100) for detecting a difference in surface level of the lens from a change in data measured by the feeler (63, 219, 220) and controlling the contact of the feeler with the lens

Abstract: The ocular refracting power measuring system according to the present invention comprises a projector system having a measuring light source emitting light beam rotatable around optical axis and for projecting an image of light source of the measuring light source on retina of an eye to be tested, a light receiving system having a light blocking member for blocking a part of light beam reflected from retina of the eye to be tested by a circular edge and for conducting the light beam reflected from retina of the eye to be tested onto a photodetector placed at a position approximately conjugate with a pupil of the eye to be tested through said light blocking member, and a controller for calculating ocular refracting power based on the distribution of light amount on a meridian line on said photodetector corresponding to arbitrary position of the measuring light source and for calculating the astigmatic condition based on the ocular refracting power on a plurality of meridian lines.

Abstract: An ocular refracting power measuring system includes a projector system for projecting the image of a light source on the eyeground of an eye to be tested and a light receiving system for condensing the light beam from the eyeground onto a light receiving element disposed at a position substantially conjugate with the pupil of the eye to be tested, whereby the ocular refracting power of the eye to be tested can be measured based on the distribution of light amount on the light receiving element and variations of the distribution of light amount due to the changed amount of light in the light source.

Abstract: An eye refractive power measuring apparatus is disclosed. It includes a chart projection system for projecting a chart image for test use to a retina of an eye under test by using visible light, a measuring target projection system for projecting a measuring target image to the retina of the eye under test by using invisible light, a display device for displaying the measuring target image as a visible image, a focussing state of the measuring target image being made changeable simultaneous with change of a focussing state of the chart image for test.

Abstract: An eye testing apparatus, in which a cornea reflecting image and a retina reflecting image formed by projecting each target mark image onto a cornea and a retina of an eye to be tested are projected to a slight receiving portion through a measuring optical system, and in which a corneal configuration and a refractive power of the eye to be tested are measured according to a signal detected by the light receiving portion, characterized in that the light receiving portion includes a two-dimensional light receiving element, the measuring optical system simultaneously projecting the cornea reflecting image and the retina reflecting image to different areas of the two-dimensional light receiving element.

Abstract: There is disclosed an automatic eye refractive power measuring apparatus for automatically measuring refractive power of an eye under test by means of objective measurement.

Abstract: An eye refractometer comprising a measuring target projection optical system for projecting a measuring target image to the eye fundus of a patient's eye by means of a pair of beams of light from a measuring target; a rotating device for rotating the pair of beams of light around the optical axis; a measuring target image-forming optical system for forming a target image of the beams of light projected through the measuring target image projected to the eye fundus; a detection device for two-dimensionally detecting the position of the target image formed by the image-forming optical system on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis; and an operating circuit for obtaining a refractive power of the eye along a radial line passing through the centers of the pair of beams of light by means of the signal from the detection device.

Abstract: A refractory power measuring device for measuring the refractory power of the human eye or a lens. The device includes a target projecting optical system having two optical elements which are movable along the optical axis of the system independently from each other. The device can measure simultaneously the refractory powers along two astigmatic axes.

Abstract: Eye refractometer including a target projecting optical system for projecting a target image on the retina of a patient's eye, and an observing optical system for observing the target image. An image rotator is provided for rotating the target image to thereby locate the astigmatic axes. The image rotator is associated with a rotating mechanism which includes an actuating member for producing a stepless rotation of the image rotator and a second member for rotating the first member by an angle corresponding to a 90.degree. rotation of the target image.

Abstract: Eye refractmeter using infrared rays in which the target projecting optical system includes an aperture disc having a semicircular apertures disposed within a circle corresponding to the pupil of the patient's eye with chord portions thereof opposed to each other with a spacing therebetween. The observing optical system includes a disc having a slot located at a position corresponding to the space between the apertures. The apertures and the slots are located in conjugate with the patient's pupil with respect to the objective lens.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting astigmatic axes and measuring refractive powers such as the lens of a human eye. A disc has a first group of slits oriented in one direction and a second group of slits oriented perpendicular thereto. Each slit has a deflecting means with a direction of deflection perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of its slits for measuring the refractive power. The apparatus also has astigmatic axis detecting target means which can be used immediately prior to the refraction so that the refraction on each astigmatic axis can be measured before conditions change in the eye.

Abstract: An eye refractmeter comprising a target projecting optical system for projecting an image of a target means through a pupil of a patient's eye to produce a target image on a retina of the eye, an observing optical system including objective lens means for observing the target image through the pupil, and a sighting optical system for observing light reflected at the cornea of the eye to determine that the objective lens means is appropriately spaced from the patient's eye, means being provided in the projecting optical system so that the image of the target means is projected by an infrared ray, half-transparent optical means for passing therethrough one of the light bundles along the observing and sighting optical systems and reflecting the other of the bundles, means for directing both of the light bundles passing through the observing and sighting optical systems to a single image pick-up tube, the half-transparent optical means having a reflecting rate such that more than 50% of the light along the observ