Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing AlN whiskers includes reduced incorporation of metal particles, an AlN whisker body, AlN whiskers, a resin molded body, and a method for producing the resin molded body. The method for producing AlN whiskers includes heating an Al-containing material in a material accommodation unit to thereby generate Al gas; and introducing the Al gas into a reaction chamber through a communication portion while introducing nitrogen gas into the reaction chamber through a gas inlet port, to thereby grow AlN whiskers on the surface of an Al2O3 substrate placed in the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Data is recorded in a phase-change optical storage medium having data layers. A first recording pulse sequence is generated for recording to a first data layer located most remote from a beam-incident surface. The first sequence has a recording pulse carrying an erasing power and a recording power rising from the erasing power, and a cooling pulse carrying a bottom power lower than the erasing power. A second recording pulse sequence is generated for recording to a second data layer. The second sequence has recording pulse carrying an erasing power and a recording power rising from the erasing power, a cooling puse carrying a bottom power lower than the erasing power, and an erasing top pulse carrying an erasing top power higher than the erasing power.

Abstract: A phase-change optical storage medium has a substrate and a recording layer having a plurality of tracks for storing information. A material of which the recording layer is made has been initialized in a crystalline state in which an amplitude of a tracking-detection signal is smaller than a saturation value of the amplitude, the tracking-detection signal being obtained by receiving a reflected beam from the recording layer when the recording layer is irradiated with a laser beam in an off-track state while the optical storage medium is being rotated.

Abstract: A phase-change optical storage medium has a substrate, and a recording layer, to be recorded on which is at least one recorded mark representing information to be recorded by irradiating a recording light beam onto the recording layer in accordance with a recording pulse pattern of recording pulses rising from an erasing power and formed between a recording power larger than the erasing power and a bottom power smaller than the erasing power and of erasing pulses rising from the bottom power to the erasing power. The expressions (1) and (2): 1.00<(R1/R0)<1.15 . . . (1), 1.05<(R9/R0)<1.20 . . .

Abstract: Information to be recorded is recorded in a recording layer of a phase-change optical storage medium. The information to be recorded is modulated to generate modulated data. Desired mark-length data is generated based on the modulated data. Generated further based on the mark-length data is a recording pulse pattern of recording pulses rising from an erasing power and formed between a recording power larger than the erasing power and a bottom power smaller than the erasing power and of erasing pulses rising from the bottom power to the erasing power. A recording light beam is then irradiated onto the recording layer in accordance with the recording pulse pattern to record at least one recorded mark representing the information to be recorded. Used in recording is an optimum erasing power, as the erasing power, the optimum erasing power satisfying an expression (1): 1.000<(R1/R0)<1.030 . . .

Abstract: An optical disk consists of a first laminated layer structure and a second laminated layer structure. The first structure has a first transparent substrate having a first surface and a second surface on both sides thereof, provided on the first surface being a light-incident plane via which a light beam is to be incident in recording or reproduction, formed alternately on the second surface being a plurality of first lands and first grooves, and a first organic-dye recording layer formed on the second surface to cover the first lands and grooves. The second structure has a second substrate, alternately formed on which are a plurality of second lands and second grooves, a reflective film formed on the second transparent substrate to cover the second lands and grooves, and a second organic-dye recording layer formed on the reflective film to face the second transparent substrate.

Abstract: First identification data and second identification data are read out from a phase-change optical storage medium having a light-incident surface through which a light beam is to be incident and at least a first film-laminated layer structure and a second film-laminated layer structure provided over the surface in which the first structure is provided as closer to the surface than the second structure is. Each structure has at least a recording film. The data indicates first recording requirements to the first structure. The second data indicates second recording requirements to the second structure. The first and second requirements are different from each other. Given data to be recorded is modulated into modulated data. A data-recording signal having at least one mark followed by a space is generated based on the modulated data. The mark has a mark length nT (“T” being a unit dock cycle, and “n” being a positive integer of 3 or larger but 14 or smaller).

Abstract: Data is recorded in an optical storage medium with a beam having a wavelength in a 650-nm band. The medium has a substrate, a first laminated layer structure formed on the substrate and having at least a first reflective film and a first recording film, and a second laminated layer structure formed over the first structure and having at least a second reflective film and a second recording film. The data is recorded in at least one of specific sections of the first recording film, with a beam having a wavelength in a 650-nm band and a beam spot having a specific area. The first structure satisfies requirements Tc?Tr?60% and 9%?Rr?Rc?15% wherein Tc and Rc are a transmissivity and a reflectivity, respectively, of the first structure when the first recording film has no data recorded therein after initialized, and Tr and Rr are a transmissivity and a reflectivity, respectively, of the first structure when the first recording film has the data recorded therein.

Abstract: A compound (II) is reacted with a compound (III) or a reactive derivative at the carboxyl group thereof to obtain a compound (IV), which is reacted with a mixed acid anhydride of a compound (V) to prepare a compound (I). In recrystallization of the compound (I), temperature for the recrystallization and/or time for the crystal precipitation is controlled to selectively produce A-form crystals, B-form crystals and C-form crystals of the compound (I).

Abstract: Data is recorded in a phase-change optical storage medium having a beam-incident surface and a plurality of data layers provided over the surface, each data layer having at least a recording film. Data to be recorded is modulated to generate modulated data. Desired mark-length data is generated based on the modulated data. A recording beam is emitted onto each data layer based on the mark-length data, to form a recorded mark carrying the data to be recorded in each data layer. A first recording pulse sequence is generated when a recorded mark is formed in a first data layer located most remote from the beam-incident surface among the data layers. The first sequence has at least a first recording pulse carrying a first erasing power and a first recording power rising from the first erasing power, and a first cooling pulse carrying a first bottom power lower than the first erasing power. A recording beam is emitted onto the first data layer in accordance with the first sequence.

Abstract: An optical storage medium has a first layer structure and a second layer structure. The first layer structure includes a first substrate having a light-incident surface via which light is incident for recording or reproduction and a first surface having first concave sections and first convex sections, formed in order on the first surface being at least a first recording layer and a semi-transparent film, the first convex sections sticking out toward the light-incident surface, first recording tracks being provided on first portions of the first recording layer, the first portions corresponding to the first convex sections that are wobbling at a fixed frequency between an inner edge and an outer edge of the optical storage medium.

Abstract: A phase-change optical storage medium has a substrate and a recording layer having a plurality of tracks for storing information. A material of which the recording layer is made has been initialized in a crystalline state in which an amplitude of a tracking-detection signal is smaller than a saturation value of the amplitude, the tracking-detection signal being obtained by receiving a reflected beam from the recording layer when the recording layer is irradiated with a laser beam in an off-track state while the optical storage medium is being rotated.

Abstract: A phase-change optical storage medium has a substrate, and a recording layer, to be recorded on which is at least one recorded mark representing information to be recorded by irradiating a recording light beam onto the recording layer in accordance with a recording pulse pattern of recording pulses rising from an erasing power and formed between a recording power larger than the erasing power and a bottom power smaller than the erasing power and of erasing pulses rising from the bottom power to the erasing power. The expressions (1) and (2): 1.00<(R1/R0)<1.15 . . . (1), 1.05<(R9/R0)<1.20 . . .

Abstract: Information to be recorded is recorded in a recording layer of a phase-change optical storage medium. The information to be recorded is modulated to generate modulated data. Desired mark-length data is generated based on the modulated data. Generated further based on the mark-length data is a recording pulse pattern of recording pulses rising from an erasing power and formed between a recording power larger than the erasing power and a bottom power smaller than the erasing power and of erasing pulses rising from the bottom power to the erasing power. A recording light beam is then irradiated onto the recording layer in accordance with the recording pulse pattern to record at least one recorded mark representing the information to be recorded. Used in recording is an optimum erasing power, as the erasing power, the optimum erasing power satisfying an expression (1): 1.000<(R1/R0)<1.030 . . .

Abstract: An optical disk consists of a first laminated layer structure and a second laminated layer structure. The first structure has a first transparent substrate having a first surface and a second surface on both sides thereof, provided on the first surface being a light-incident plane via which a light beam is to be incident in recording or reproduction, formed alternately on the second surface being a plurality of first lands and first grooves, and a first organic-dye recording layer formed on the second surface to cover the first lands and grooves. The second structure has a second substrate, alternately formed on which are a plurality of second lands and second grooves, a reflective film formed on the second transparent substrate to cover the second lands and grooves, and a second organic-dye recording layer formed on the reflective film to face the second transparent substrate.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor includes a package 4 for entirely sealing a capacitor element 1, an anode lead terminal 2 connected to an anode wire 1a of the capacitor element 1, and a cathode lead terminal 3 kept in close contact with a side surface of the capacitor element, wherein both leads are exposed at the bottom surface of the package. The anode lead terminal is formed with an upwardly bent piece 2a provided with a positioning groove 2b. The anode wire of the capacitor element is fitted in the positioning groove, so that the upwardly bent piece completely bridges the gap between the anode wire and the anode lead terminal while accurately positioning the capacitor element at the center widthwise of the anode lead terminal and the cathode lead terminal.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor includes a package 4 for entirely sealing a capacitor element 1, an anode lead terminal 2 connected to an anode wire 1a of the capacitor element 1, and a cathode lead terminal 3 kept in close contact with a side surface of the capacitor element, wherein both leads are exposed at the bottom surface of the package. The anode lead terminal is formed with an upwardly bent piece 2a provided with a positioning groove 2b. The anode wire of the capacitor element is fitted in the positioning groove, so that the upwardly bent piece completely bridges the gap between the anode wire and the anode lead terminal while accurately positioning the capacitor element at the center widthwise of the anode lead terminal and the cathode lead terminal.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has a substrate and a magnetic layer formed on the substrate. The magnetic layer includes magnetic powder and a binder for binding the magnetic powder on the substrate. The binder includes at least a resin component containing at least an aminoquinone structure selected from an aminoquinone structure group shown with formulas (1-1a), (1-1b), (1-3a) and (1-3b) as a constitutional unit and at least a polar group selected from a group shown with a formula (1-2) in a composition of the resin component. Thus, the magnetic recording medium has excellent corrosion resistance of the magnetic powder and excellent conservation and running durability.

Abstract: In the magnetic recording medium with a total thickness of 12.5 .mu.m, a magnetic layer is formed on one surface of a non-magnetic supporter, and a back coat layer with a thickness of 1.0 .mu.m and composed of solid powder and a binder is formed on the other surface of the same non-magnetic supporter. The solid powder contains platelet inorganic powder and carbon black powder mixed in such a mix rate that the carbon black powder is between 5 and 20 parks by weight, when the platelet inorganic powder is 100 parts by weight. In spite of the fact that the total thickness of the magnetic recording medium is as thin as 12.5 .mu.m, a sufficient mechanical strength and a sufficient travel stability can be both obtained, while preventing tape damage such as breakage, wrinkles, etc.

Abstract: A packaged piezoelectric oscillator is provided which comprises an insulating package body, a piezoelectric element, and a lid member. The package body has an upwardly open housing groove which has a bottom surface formed with oscillator electrodes at both ends of the housing groove. The piezoelectric element is fixedly received in the housing groove of the insulating package body and held in electrical conduction with the respective oscillator electrodes. The lid member is attached to the package body to close the housing groove. The housing groove has an intermediate wider width portion, and each end of the housing groove is provided with a pair of end positioning walls projecting toward each other for providing a narrower width portion between the pair of end positioning walls.